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Spa Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Encoding?

A

To send or generate a message.

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2
Q

What is Decoding?

A

translating, or decoding a message.

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3
Q

Bobby is a 20-year-old man in a motor vehicle accident and sustained a tramatic brain injury. He then experienced an impairment in his communication function. What communication disorder does Bobby have?

A

Acquired

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4
Q

ASHA Code of Ethics Includes information in what 3 areas?

A

Responsibility, Respect, Honesty.

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5
Q

a Functional Communication disorder is one that has no anatomical, physiological, or neurological cause True or False?

A

True

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6
Q

How much of a person’s day is comprised of Communication?

A

75% Primarily listening/speaking, the later consisting of reading/writing.

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7
Q

What are the degree ranges of communication impairment?

A
  1. Mild
  2. Moderate
  3. Severe
  4. Profound
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8
Q

Is the degree of a communication impairment reflective of its impact?

A

Yes, for instance, someone with a mild disorder may have a profound issue with communication.

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9
Q

Are communication disorders common?

A

Yes, they are one of the most common disorders in the world.

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10
Q

What is a developmental or congenital disorder?

A

A communication disorder that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth.

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11
Q

What is an organic disorder?

A

A medical or health condition with no physiological cause.

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12
Q

What is a functional disorder?

A

A condition with an unknown cause. idiopathetic.

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13
Q

The best model for describing communication disorders?

A

The speech chain model.

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14
Q

Suzi is 4 years old she was born with a cleft lip palate. She had surgery to repair both clefts. What type of communication disorder does she have?

A

Idiopathic

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15
Q

A mild impairment in communication function always has a mild result on a person’s ability to communicate.

A

False

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16
Q

Are communication disorders rare?

A

no

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17
Q

You should say “John is a Stutterer” rather than “John is a boy who stutters”?

A

False

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18
Q

If an individual speaks with a dialect, it is important not to group this issue as a communication disorder, but rather a difference.

A

True

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19
Q

Incidence

A

Measures the rate of how much a disease or condition occurs.

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20
Q

Prevalence

A

How common a disease or condition is at a certain point in time.

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21
Q

Epidemiology

A

The study of how often diseases and conditions occur and why.

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22
Q

To become a Speech Language Pathologist or Audiologist, you must complete a graduate program.

A

True

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23
Q

A functional communication disorder occurs due to no known cause.

A

True

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24
Q

The Language Competence Framework by Lois Bloom and Margaret Lahey in 1978 requires which 3 components?

A

Form, Content, Use

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25
How is the Form of language created?
Through Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax.
26
What is Phonology?
The knowledge of consonants and vowel sounds, that exist limitedly within a language.
27
What is Morphology?
The smallest meaningful unit of language, it strings together phonemes, and uses both free morphemes "play, safe, elephant". Bound morphemes with prefixes and suffixes, "playing, unsafe, elephants".
28
What is Syntax?
The rules of combining words to make sentences.
29
What is Content and what word is it synonymous with?
Content refers to the meaning of individual words and words in combination. It is synonymous with Semantics.
30
What is the difference between denotative, and connotative?
Denotative is the dictionary definition of a word, while connotative involves the use of words for meaning other than their original purpose like a metaphor.
31
What is Use or Pragmatics?
How language can be used for different purposes, changed for different circumstances, and follow rules of communication.
32
What is prelinguistic communication?
An infant using vocal and gestural behavior as a way of communicating.
33
Gaze coupling
How infants respond by using eye contact, generally with their mothers.
34
What is the earliest vocalization produced by infants?
crying
35
What is cooing?
consonant like sounds created by infants from around 5-11 months of life.
36
Fast mapping
When a young child is around 18-24 months, can connect a word to its underlying concept.
37
Is Autism a persuasive developmental disorder?
Yes, because it can cause severe impairment in thinking, feeling, language, and the ability to relate to others.
38
What developmental areas does Autism affect?
Verbal and Nonverbal communication. Social interaction. Imaginative Play.
39
What is the behaviorist theory?
This assumes that children learn the language the same way as everything else through reinforcement and imitation.
40
What is the nativist theory?
That nature plays a role in the acquisition of language.
41
Interactionist theory
A combination of both nativist, and behaviorist. Saying a child learns language through there enviroment.
42
Statistical Learning Theory
repeated exposure to language examples develops language skills.
43
What indicates a child has a language disorder?
difficulty expressing ideas reduced vocabulary inappropriate grammar uses impaired ability to follow directions
44
What are the 4 types of techniques used in child therapy?
Self-talk- talking out loud about what you are doing when interacting with a child. Parallel talk involves describing out loud what the child is seeing, hearing, or thinking during an activity. Description- describing or labeling different things to the child. language expansion- repeating words back to the child in the correct grammatical form.
45
Reading intelligence
Mild 50-70 Moderate 35-49 Severe 20-34 Profound 0-19
46
A child who demonstrates early delay in language development requires direct intervention by an SLP.
False
47
etiology
The cause of a disorder
48
Children, who are late talkers are at risk of developing language disorders.
True
49
How to calculate MLU?
determine the number of morphemes made by a child during a series of verbalizations.
50
Phonological Disorders
Related to speech and sound Structural- teeth, tongue, palate issues. Such as cleft palate. Neurological-attributed to the nervous system, such as apraxia. Functional-generally an unknown cause, such as speech delays an residual errors.
51
Phonological Theories
Behaviorist-starts with babbling and parent involvement. Natural Phonology Theory-originated from distinctive features and impressions of sound. Optimality-the identification of language patterns.
52
Upper respiratory system structures
nasal cavity pharynx oral cavity
53
vowels are produced without articulation of the vocal folds
false
54
Do voiced consonants require vibration of vocal folds?
true
55
There is a standard definition of stuttering found throughout the u.s?
false
56
Stuttering and cluttering are the same?
false
57
dysfluency is accepted spelling of fluency disorder?
false
58
speech shaping can make speech output sound unatural?
true
59
genetic predisposition
demands capacity theory
60
Stuttering truths
more common in boys Onset usually starts around 2-5 it may be genetically linked
61
What's the most common stuttering
Developmental
62
Fluency of speech involves
rate stress/emphasis on syllables/words pauses with/between words
63
Normal IQ is defined as what number?
100
64
Carol Dweck Describes the difference between a fixed mindset, and a growth mindset how?
A fixed mindset suggests a students IQ is fixed from birth, however a growth mindset says a students IQ has the ability to grow and develop.
65
Who was Howard Gardner?
He wanted to broaden the definition of intelligence through the theory of multiple intelligence.
66
How many types of intelligence did Howard Gardner propose?
1. Logistic/mathmatical or "numbers/reasoning smart" 2. Linguistic or "word smart" 3. Bodily kinesthetic "body smart" 4. Musical "music smart" 5. Spatial "picture smart" 6. Interpersonal "people smart" 7. Intrapersonal "self smart" 8. Naturalist "environmental smart"
67
What are the five minds talked about in Gardner's book "Five Minds for the Future"?
1. The Creating Mind 2. The Ethical Mind 3. The Respectful Mind 4. The Disciplined Mind 5. The Synthesizing Mind
68
Who created the Center for Understanding Media?
John Culkin, who created this as the first U.S organization used to understand media, and he worked closely with Marshall McLuhan, who coined "the medium is the message".
69
Information literacy
know how to find information, evaluate information (received and found), and then use the information effectively
70
Media literacy
become critical and literate in all media forms; learn to control one’s interpretation of what is seen or heard through media rather than letting the interpretation control.
71
Confirmation bias
the desire to have one’s beliefs confirmed
72
What is EQ or Emotional Intelligence Quotient?
The ability to monitor one's own emotions as well as others, discriminate among them and make judgments.
73
What did CASEL, "The Collaborative for Academic Social and Emotional Learning develop to perceive emotional intelligence?
SEL encompasses 5 core competencies. 1. Self-awareness 2. Self-management 3. Social-awareness 4. Relationship skills 5. Responsible decision making
74
List the components of The CRAAP test
1. Currency 2. Relevance 3. Authority 4. Accuracy 5. Purpose
75
What are some common ways visual learners are best able to learn?
They use charts, course outlines, flashcards, videos, maps, computer simulations, and instructional aides.
76
How do you accommodate a Linguistic learner?
Let them read, write, or give presentations give lectures, or use word play games
77
How to accommodate a logical learner?
Ask logical questions and critical thinking exercises Have them create flow charts, and incorporate facts and statistics into the learning.
78
How to accommodate a social learner?
Encourage small, and big group assignments. Allow student to conduct interviews
79
What is Pragmatic Development?
Acquiring the rules of language that govern how language is used as a social tool.
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What are the 2 types of temperaments described in chapter 2?
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Phonological development involves gaining sensitivity to what?
Phonotactic rules, of their language
96
What are the 3 building blocks of phonological development?
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