Space

Question 1

Orbit

Answer 1

the circular or elliptical path of an object as it revolves around another object

Question 2

Solar System

Answer 2

a system of objects that revolve around a star

Question 3

Galaxy

Answer 3

a group of solar systems, dust, and gas held together by gravity; our solar system is part of the Milky Way galaxy

Question 4

Universe

Answer 4

everything that exists in, on and around the Earth

Question 5

Satellite

Answer 5

a natural or artificial object that revolves around another object in space

Question 6

Impact Crater

Answer 6

a crater on a planet or moon caused by the impact of a meteorite or other object, typically circular with a raised rim.

Question 7

Rotation

Answer 7

the spinning of a celestial body, such as a planet, around an axis

Question 8

Revolution

Answer 8

the orbiting of an object around another object

Question 9

Season

Answer 9

a period of the year determined by the position of Earth as it revolves around the sun

Question 10

Equinox

Answer 10

the twice-a-year occurrence during which Earth’s axis is perpendicular (at a 90 angle) to a line joining the Sun and Earth’s center

Question 11

Solstice

Answer 11

the twice-a-year occurrence during which the Sun appears at the highest point in the sky as seen from the North or South Pole

Question 12

Mare

Answer 12

DescriptionThe lunar maria are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth’s Moon, formed by ancient volcanic eruptions.

Question 13

Eclipse

Answer 13

an event whereby one astronomical body passes between two other astronomical bodies

Question 14

Umbra

Answer 14

the fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object, especially the area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse.

Question 15

Penumbra

Answer 15

the partially shaded outer region of the shadow cast by an opaque object.

Question 16

Astronomical Unit

Answer 16

the mean distance from the center of the Earth to the center of the sun (about 149.6 million kilometers); used to measure distances in the solar system

Question 17

Ellipse

Answer 17

a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base.

Question 18

Terrestrial Planet

Answer 18

a planet having a compact rocky surface like the Earth’s; the four innermost planets in the solar system

Question 19

Gas Giant

Answer 19

a large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune

Question 20

Asteroid

Answer 20

a small object made of rock or metal that orbits the sun

Question 21

Comet

Answer 21

a body of ice and dust that travels in a long narrow orbit around the sun

Question 22

Meteor

Answer 22

a streak of light in the sky that forms when a piece of rock from space burns up in Earth’s atmosphere (related term: shooting star)

Question 23

Meteorite

Answer 23

a piece of rock or metal from space that strikes Earth’s surface

Question 24

Geocentric

Answer 24

having the Earth as the center

Question 25

Heliocentric

Answer 25

having the sun as the center

Question 26

Gravity

Answer 26

a force that exists between any two objects that have mass (related word: gravitational)

Question 27

Tide

Answer 27

the regular fluctuation of sea water driven by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on Earth's oceans and other large bodies of water

Question 28

Waxing

Answer 28

A waxing moon is any phase of the moon during the lunar cycle between the new moon and the full moon. A waxing moon is one that is getting larger each night.

Question 29

Wannig

Answer 29

Waning is the opposite, or decreasing after a full moon, and is always illuminated on the left.

Question 30

Gibbous Moon

Answer 30

The definition of gibbous refers to a moon in between a half-moon but less than a full moon

Question 31

Crescent Moon

Answer 31

A crescent is a thin, curved shape that's thicker in the middle and tapers to thin points at each end

Question 32

Full Moon

Answer 32

the phase of the moon in which its whole disk is illuminated.

Question 33

New Moon

Answer 33

the phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and invisible from earth, or shortly thereafter when it appears as a slender crescent.

Question 34

Quarter Moon

Answer 34

A quarter moon occurs when we see the Moon half illuminated by the Sun, and half enshrouded in darkness.

Question 35

Perihelion

Answer 35

the point in the orbit of a solar system body when it is closest to the Sun

Question 36

Aphelion

Answer 36

the point in the orbit of a planet or other orbiting body where it is farthest from the Sun or the body around which it revolves