Space and beyond Flashcards
(19 cards)
what is the flat earth theory?
People in China and India believed
that the Earth was flat. It was
supported by 12 pillars.
what is the wood turtle theory?
In India people believed that the
Earth was supported on the back of
a giant wooden turtle.
what is the sun being swallowed theory?
People in Thailand believed that a
solar eclipse occurred when a god
called Rahu swallowed the Sun.
what is the geocentric model and why did it get replaced?
the geocentric model is the theory that the earth is it the centre of the universe. this is false because Ptolemy’s revised geocentric model was too complicated. also Sometimes the planets appeared to move backwards (retrograde motion). as well as this Using a telescope, moons
were seen by Galileo to orbit Jupiter.
what is the heliocentric model and who made it?
the heliocentric model is the theory that the sun is the centre of our universe. it was created by Nicolaus Copernicus he proposed the heliocentric model in his work published in 1543, according to NASA Earth Observatory
what is the big bang theory?
the big bang theory is the expansion of space that scientists belive is how the universe started. The universe had been increasing in size ever since. the big bang theory explains why galaxies are moving apart and why galaxies that are further away are moving faster it also suggests that the universe started in one tiny specific point
Describe the conditions necessary to send a satellite into orbit.
you need to keep the satalite in a specific place and its needs to orbit at the same time
what is galieos telescope?
A refracting telescope with two lenses. The
objective lens produces an image of a distant
object while the eyepiece lens magnifies this.
This was used to observe the moons of Jupiter.
what is the hubble space telescope
A reflecting telescope with a 95 megapixel
camera attached. Used to find planets in other
solar systems that may support life. It looks at
the same part of the sky all the time to detect
changes in intensity of radiation received to
calculate the size of the planet blocking the
radiation.
what is the kelper space observitory?
Large curved mirrors that use the reflection of
light to take images of objects in our Solar
System and of exoplanets. The curved mirrors
focus light and other radiation from distant
objects. A flat mirror reflects this into the
eyepiece.
describe the end stage of a star
When a really big star runs out of hydrogen, it starts to expand and cool it turns into a red supergiant and starts making heavier element . Once it has an iron core, it can’t make any more energy, so the core collapses and the star explodes in a huge supernova. After that, what’s left turns into either a neutron star or, if the star was super big, a black hole.
who was bhaskara ll?
Bhaskaracharya, a 12th-century Indian mathematician, thought that objects fall because the Earth pulls them down, but he didn’t have the math to explain it. Isaac Newton, in the 17th century, developed the law of gravity with detailed math, showing that objects attract each other based on their mass and distance. Both understood that Earth pulls objects, but Newton’s mathematical approach made his ideas more accepted. Bhaskaracharya’s ideas were important for their time, laying the groundwork for later scientists.
who was issac newton?
Isaac Newton described gravity as a universal force that pulls all objects with mass toward each other. He came up with the law of universal gravitation, which says that every object in the universe attracts every other object, and the strength of this force depends on two things the masses of the objects and the distance between them. The bigger the objects, the stronger the pull, and the farther apart they are, the weaker the pull. Newton’s idea explained not only why things fall to the ground but also how planets orbit the Sun and moons orbit planets, showing that gravity works everywhere in the universe, not just on Earth.
compare their ideas
Bhaskara II and Isaac Newton both thought about gravity, but they had pretty different ideas. Bhaskara, who lived in India in the 1100s, knew that gravity made things fall toward the Earth, but he didn’t have any equations to explain it. His idea of gravity was more about what happens here on Earth, without thinking about how it works in space. On the other hand, Newton, who lived in the 1600s, figured out that gravity is everywhere. He came up with a formula to show that all objects pull on each other, depending on their size and how far apart they are. Newton’s ideas explained not just falling objects but also how planets and moons move. While Bhaskara’s ideas were based on observation, Newton made gravity into a universal law that changed how we understand the whole universe.
when do scientists use mathmatical models?
scientist use mathmatical models when
they cannot do experiments to collect data
what is a mathmatical model?
a set a rules using maths that helps you predict what could happen
what does frank drake want to cauculate?
how many planets are likley to have life
on them
what is polar orbit
low orbit around the eath passing over north and south poles.
earth rotates underneath them as they orbit
used for large scale mapping and global weather monitering
How does something stay in orbit?
Why don’t they just fall down?
a satalite maintains its orbit by balancing two factors: its velocity (the speed it takes to travel in a straight line) and the gravitantional pull that earth has on it
