Space test 4

Question 1

What is a Universe ?

Answer 1

Billion of galaxies

Question 2

What is a galaxy ?

Answer 2

A large collections of billions of stars, gas dust and dark matter,

Question 3

What is our sun ?

Answer 3

Just one of the star that forms the Milky Way galaxy

Question 4

How far apart are galaxies spaced ?

Answer 4

millions of times greater than the distance between planets or the sun

Question 5

Which force keeps stars together in a galaxy

Answer 5

Gravity

Question 6

What make up most of a galaxy

Answer 6

Empty space, and it is really, really big

Question 7

What dose the solar system contain ?

Answer 7

The sun, eight planets, natural and artificial satellites, dwarf planets, asteroid belts.

Question 8

What is the sun ?

Answer 8

A star

Question 9

What are planets ?

Answer 9

Large objects that orbit a star.

Question 10

What is a dwarf planet ?

Answer 10

A planet like object that isn’t big enough to be called a planet.

Question 11

What is the moon ?

Answer 11

A natural satellite

Question 12

What is an artificial satellite ?

Answer 12

A man made object that orbits another object in space.

Question 13

What is an asteroid

Answer 13

An asteroid is a small rocky object which orbits the sun

Question 14

What are comets ?

Answer 14

Comets are made of dust and ice and orbi the sun in a different orbit to those of the planets

Question 15

What causes seasons ?

Answer 15

The earth title away from or towards the sun affects the amount of sunlight/ heat energy

Question 16

What is gravity ?

Answer 16

A pulling force between two objects with mass

Question 17

Which objects have the strongest gravitational pull ?

Answer 17

The larger the mass and the closer you get, the stronger the gravitational field

Question 18

How do planets move around the sun ?

Answer 18

In almost circular orbits

Question 19

How dose gravity creat orbits ?

Answer 19

A centripetal force acts towards the centre

Question 20

How are satellites kept in orbits around planets ?

Answer 20

By the gravitational attraction of the planet.

Question 21

What happened to the orbits speed, the closer you get to the planet ?

Answer 21

It must increase to stay in orbit

Question 22

Why do comets have very elliptical orbits ?

Answer 22

Comets travel much faster nearer to the sun than in the more distinct part of its orbits

Question 23

What is geostationary orbit ?

Answer 23

An artificial earth satellite with an orbit period of exactly one day

Question 24

How can i calculate orbital speeds ?

Answer 24

Divide the circumference by the time.

Question 25

What is the lifecycle of a star

Answer 25

It depends on the size of the star

Question 26

How do stars form

Answer 26

From a cloud of dust called a nebula .

Question 27

What happens as gravity pulls the dust and gas together ?

Answer 27

The temperature rise as the star get denser and more particles collide with each other, forming a protostar.

Question 28

What happens when the outward pressure balances the force of gravity ?

Answer 28

A main sequence star is formed

Question 29

What happens when the hydrogen runs out and gravity is greater than the outward thermal pressure ?

Answer 29

It becomes a red giant or red supergiant

Question 30

What happens when a small to medium size star becomes unstable and ejects its outer layer of dust and gas ?

Answer 30

A white dwarf

Question 31

What happens to big stars ?

Answer 31

Eventually they explode in a supernova

Question 32

What is left when the exploding supernova throws the outer dust and gas into space ?

Answer 32

A very dense core called a neutron star or it will collapse and become a black hole.

Question 33

What gives stars their colors ?

Answer 33

The hotter the surface temperature, the more light of higher frequencies they emit.

Question 34

How can i compare brightness ?

Answer 34

Absolute magnitude is a measure of how bright a star would appear if it was fixed distance from earth ?

Question 35

What is the hertzprung- Russell diagram ?

Answer 35

A graph of absolute magnitude against temperature.

Question 36

What are exoplanets ?

Answer 36

Planet that orbits stars other than our sun.

Question 37

What is the transit method ?

Answer 37

The brightness of a star is measured as a planet orbits it.

Question 38

What is a light curve ?

Answer 38

Shows how the brightness changes over time.

Question 39

How does the light curve change for bigger or fast planet ?

Question 40

What is necessary for life ?

Answer 40

Liquid water, ideally 0-50 decrease

Question 41

What is the Goldilocks zone ?

Answer 41

The region around a star within which a planet would be able to support liquid water at their surface

Question 42

What affects a planet’s temperature ?

Answer 42

It is the atmosphere and distance form the sun

Question 43

What is the Doppler effect

Answer 43

The wavelength changes when an object is moving closer or further away

Question 44

What is redshift ?

Answer 44

When the wavelength of light shifts to a higher frequency

Question 44

What is blue shift ?

Answer 44

When the wavelength of light shifts to a lower frequency.

Question 45

What was the Big Bang ?

Answer 45

A big explosion that started that started the universe over 13.8 billion year ago

Question 46

How is the universe expanding ?

Answer 46

In all directions.

Question 47

Name lifecycle of a star

Answer 47

Protostar, standard star, red supergiant, supernova/ white dwarf, very big star,/ black dwarf , neutron star, black hole