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Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

Grape Varieties in Galicia

A

Albarino
Godello
Mencia

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2
Q

Why is Rias Baixas also called green Spain?

A

Because of the lush land

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3
Q

The DO’s in Galicia/Green Spain

A
  • Rias Baixas DO
  • Ribeiro DO
  • Valdeorras DO
  • Ribeira Sacra DO
  • Monterrei DO
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4
Q

Largest geographical features in Galicia

A
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Mino River
  • Rias Baixas (low estuaries)
  • Steep slopes in Ribeira Sacra
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5
Q

Main Soil Type in Galicia

A

Granite

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6
Q

Canopy Management in Galicia

A
  • High Canopy trellising because of the humidity
  • Terraced vineyards in Ribeira Sacra
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7
Q

Whats the typical winemaking in Galicia?

A
  • often stainless steel, lees agingn
  • occasional barrique
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8
Q

Rias Baixas produces what wines?

A
  • Dry Whites
  • Albarino
  • if labeled with the grape must be a 100%
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9
Q

Valdeorras DO makes what wines?

A
  • Dry Whites: Godello
  • Dry Reds: Mencia
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10
Q

What wines does Ribeira Sacra make?

A
  • Dry Whites: Godello and Albarino
  • Dry Reds: Mencia
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11
Q

Pazo Senrans

A
  • Galicia
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12
Q

Granbazan

A
  • Galicia
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13
Q

Lagar de Cervera

A
  • Galicia
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14
Q

DO’s of Castilla y Leon

A
  • Toro DO
  • Ribera del Duero DO
  • Rueda DO
  • Bierzo DO
  • Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
  • Arribes DO
  • Cigales DO
  • Arlanza DO
  • Leon DO
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15
Q

Toro DO

A
  • Tempranillo-based Red Wines / Tinta de Toro
  • Emphasizing ripeness and concentratio
  • Notable producers: Farina, Numanthia-Termes and Bodega Pintia
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16
Q

Bierzo DO

A
  • dominated by Mencia
  • Godello and Palomino for Whites
  • often biodyn and with mountain side schist
  • Notable producers: Decendientes de Jose Palacios
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17
Q

Ribera del Duero DO

A
  • red blends based on Tempranillo at least to 75%
  • Whites must include at least 75% Albillo Mayor
  • Vega Sicilia
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18
Q

Aging Requirements in Ribera del Duero

A
  • Crianza: 2 years (1 in cask)
  • Reserva: 3 years (1 in cask)
  • Gran Reserva: 2 years in cask, 5 years of total aging
  • Roble: 3 months oak aging
  • Joven: anything not aged for three monts
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19
Q

Rueda DO

A
  • Dry Whites from Verdejo at least 50%
  • Dry Reds from Tempranillo
  • Sparkling wines from Verdejo (at least 75%) - Espumosos
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20
Q

Vega Sicilia

A
  • est. 1864
  • planted CS and Merlot and Malbec from Bordeaux, but perferred Tempranillo
  • Today: 80% Temp and remaining percentage 20%
  • Flagship: Unico, extensive aging
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21
Q

Tinto Pesquera

A
  • 1972
  • inspiration from locals: Peter Sisseck from Pingus
  • 100% Tempranillo
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22
Q

Dominio de Pingus

A
  • 1995
  • Peter Sisseck, Bordeaux educated
  • Pingus: childhood nickname
  • 100% Tempranillo
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23
Q

Descendientes de J. Palacios

A
  • put Mencia on the map
  • Bierzo western edge
  • biodyn pioneer and sustainable farming
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24
Q

Martinsancho

A
  • Rueda
  • founded in 1780
  • King of Verdejo
  • american oak
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25
When was the first DOCa awarded?
1991 - to La Rioja First DO's in the 1930s
26
What is the most dominant soil type in Galicia?
Granite
27
Wine and Food Pairing with Albarino?
- shellfish, bivalves, aperitivo
28
Where are the Cantabrian Mountains?
Northwesteren of La Rioja, providing a rain shadow
29
What is the Climate in the three main regions of Rioja?
- Rioja Alta: Continental, relatively dry - Rioja Alavesa: Continental, but cooler and wetter - Rioja Oriental: Mediterranean
30
Where does the Ebro River originate from?
The Cantabrian Mountains
31
What River is la Rioja named after?
Oja River
32
What is the soil in Rioja Oriental?
- Alluvial Soils and ferrous clay
33
Soiltype in Rioja Alta?
Similiar to Rioja Alavesa based on calcerous clay
34
What are the regulations for Vinedos Singulares?
- introduced in 2017 - first vintages 2018 - must be at least 35 year old vines, 10 years of vineyard work, hand harvest - must pass a tasting panel
35
What are the regulations for Rosado in Rioja?
- Require a minimum of 25% primary red grapes - Crianza is in stainless steel - Reserva must be aged in oak
36
What is a synonym to Mazuelo?
Carignan
37
What are the aging requirements for Red Rioja DOCa?
- Crianza: 2 years, 1 in oak - Reserva: 3 years, 1 in oak, 6 mth in bottle - Gran Reserva: 5 years, 2 in oak, 2 in bottle - Oak Cask must have 225l capacity
38
What are the Aging Requirements for Rosado and White Rioja?
- Crianza: 18 mths, 6 in oak - Reserva: 2 years, 6 mths in oak - Gran Reserva: 4 years, 6 mths in oak
39
Marques de Caceres
- introduced new french oak in 1970s - located in Rioja Alta
40
Marques de Riscal
- Don Camilo Hurtado de Amezaga founded the Bodega in 1858 - introducing Cabernet Sauvignon and using bordelaise winemaking techniques - Baron de Chirel (Flagship Wine) aged in french barrique for extended period
41
Finca Allende
- Rioja Alta - founded in 1986 - estate botteling and french oak
42
Bodegas Lopez de Heredia
- Rioja Alta - Most traditional winemaking: extensive use of american oak - gran reserva: only produced in the best vintages
43
La Rioja Alta SA
- est. in 1890 - traditional techniques - 80% of the production is Reserva or Gran Reserva
44
Key Wine Regions in Catalonia?
- Priorat DOCa - Montsant DO - Tarragona DO - Terra Alta DO - Conca de Barbera DO - Costers del Segre DO - Penedes DO - Alella DO - Emporda DO - Pla de Bages DO - Catalunya DO
45
Climate in Priorat
- hot and dry mediterranean climate - very important diurnal shifts
46
Birthplace of Cava
Sadurni d Anoia in Alt-Penedes Jose Raventos of Codorniu introduced metodo tradicional Today second largest Cava Producer
47
Canopy Management in Priorat
- Gobelet, naturally low - no machine harvest possible - naturally low yields
48
Dominant Grape varieties in Priorat
- Garnacha - Carinena
49
Notable Producers in Priorat
- Rene Barbier leading to the production of Clos Wines: Clos Mogador, Clos Martinet, Clos de l'Obac, Clos Dofi, Clos Erasmus - Alvaro Palacios
50
What is Llicorella?
- Soiltype in Priorat - Black slate and quartzite - rich in minerals, reflects sunlight - helps ripen even during strong diurnal shifts (night) - high drainage - Wines tend to be flinty, stony adn earthy - Very dense and powerful - Minerality and Freshness - Complexity and Structure - Aging Potential
51
What tool in the Metodo Tradicional was invented for Cava?
- Gyropalette instead of hand riddling
52
What is in Cava DO?
- Multiple regions producing Cava all over Spain - Most in Penedes DO - Corpinnat Movement to more restrictive rules
53
Cava Aging Requirements
- Min. 9 mths on lees - Reserva: min 18 mths on lees
54
What is the Gratalops Project?
- Started in 1980s / early 90s - Revitalizing Priorat's Wine Industry (was neglected despite rich history dating back to the middle ages) - Spearheaded by Rene Barbier, Alvaro Palacios, Daphne Glorian, Josep Perez and Carles Pastrana - The "Clos" Wines: Clos Mogador (R.Barbier), Clos Dofi (A. Palacios), Clos Erasmus (D.Glorian), Clos Martinet (JL. Perez), Clos de l Obac (C.Pastrana) - Going back to old Garnacha and Carinena Vines - Terroir Driven Winemaking: singlevineyard expression, biodyn, quality over quantity - The Vi de Vila Concept: introduced in 2009, village level designations - Gratalops now most prestigious Vi de Vila Region
55
Pais Vasco
- Atlantic North Coast/Green Spain - Moderate Maritime - White: Hondarrabi Zuri - Red: Hondarrabi Beltza
56
DO's in Pais Vasco
- Bizkaiko Txakolina DO: dry whites, lightly effervescent, high acid - Arabako Txakolina DO: Dry white - Getariko Txakolina DO: Dry white Perfect with seafood, all characetrized by low alc, high acid and light bubbles
57
How are Rosados from the Pais Vasco also known?
- Ojo de Gallo
58
Important DO's in Murcia
- Jumilla DO: Massproduced Reds from Monstrell - Yecla DO - Bullas DO
59
What is special about Monastrell from Jumilla?
- often still ungrafted vines due to very sandy soils
60
General Climate in Murcia
- Mediterranean warm
61
Pago DO
- distributed over all of Spain - higher concentration in Castilla-La-Mancha - Mostly red styles
62
Who is Juan Gil?
- Revitalized Monstrell in Jumilla - Atalaya, Shaya and Honoro Vera are all wineries now part of the family buisness - Affordable but high quality
63
What is Vino de Pago?
- Appellation for Producers outside the regional, traditional styles - introduced in 2003
64
Where is Sherry from?
- Coastal province of Cadiz - hottest wine region in Spain - borders the Guadalquivir River and Chiclana de la Frontera - Key Towns: Jerez de la Frontera, El Puerto de Santa Maria, Sanlucar de Barrameda
65
Climate in Jerez
- cooling atlantic breezes - Levante Wind: Hot and dry wind that cooks the grapes - Poniente Wind: humid wind for flor growths
66
Soil Types in Jerez:
- Albariza: chalky, porous and limestone rich, retains moistures and allows deep rooting - Barros: clay heavy in valley - Arenas: sandy soils in coastal areas
67
Authorized Grapes for Sherry Production
- Palomino (Listan): Fino and de Jerez - Pedro Ximenez: mainly for sweetening - Moscatel: Muscat de Alexandria
68
Grape Processing for Sherry
- Palomino must be pressed quickly - prone to oxidation - Primera yema: free run juice 60-70% - Segunda yema: press wine - Mosto Prensa: poorer quality press wine - Fermentation used to be in American Oak, today mostly stainless steel - Tumultuos fermentation vs. lenta fermentation
69
The Aging of Sherry
- biological aging: flor yeast, mainly for Fino and Manzanilla - Oxidative Aging: Oloroso Sherry
70
Characteristics of Palomino
- low acid - neutral grape - 95% of acerage in Jerez
71

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