Spanish Colonial 2 Flashcards
(37 cards)
First ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCY of Spanish colonization and an integral part of the early Spanish administrative system.
Encomienda System
Spanish word: “encomendar”, meaning ________________.
“to entrust”
Encomienda System.
Reward given to ___________________.
Spanish conquistadores (military officers)
Encomendero’s Responsibilities:
* Maintain _________________ within the encomienda.
* _________________ in converting people to Catholicism
* ________________ from external threats
- peace and order
- support missionaries
- defend the colony
(2) Encomendero’s benefits:
Right/s to ___________________.
Right to collect tribute (tributo)
Right to draft labor (polo y servicio)
By 1700, encomienda was replaced by the _______________.
alcaldia mayor (provincial government)
Forced RESETTLEMENT POLICY aimed at consolidating the populaton into LARGER VILLAGES.
Reduccion (Resettlement Policy)
Reduccion.
Urban Planning included:
Open spaces,
proximity to water,
orderly grid where SOCIAL HIERARCHY WAS VISIBLE
Reduccion.
People who resisted Spanish control.
Outside settlements (remontados, cimarrones, ladrones, monteses, malhechores, tulisanes)
Spatial Organization and Housing Materials:
a. Made of wood/nipa –> Prone to FIRE.
b. Made of stone –> Prone to EARTHQUAKES
c. Mix of wood and stone
a. Scattered Settlements
b. Reduccion-Style Settlements
c. Modern Spanish Houses
Economic Exploitation.
Paid in cash or kind. (palay, tobaco, chickens, textiles, wax, and regional products).
Tribute (Tributo/Buwis)
Economic Exploitation.
Colonial government periodically requisitioned FOODS and GOODS at lower-than-market prices.
Bandala System
Bandala System.
___________ were given instead of payment due to LACK OF COLONIAL FUNDS.
Promissory Notes
Economic Exploitation.
a. Polo y Servicio in English:
b. Men aged __________ (polistas) were required to work 40 DAYS per year.
c. Exemption was possible by paying the _________ (fee for exemption).
a. Forced Labor
b. 16 - 60
c. falla
Economic Exploitation.
_______________ and fees for baptisms, marriages, and funerals.
Church tribute
Revolts Against Spanish Rule.
a. Magalat revolt against _____________.
b. JPS revolt against ____________
c. JC revolt against _________________
d. Diego Silang revolt against _______________.
a. Tribute
b. Polo y Servicio
c. Tribute and Polo
d. Tribute and Polo
Revolts due to Religious Resons.
Against Christianization (Bohol)
Tamblot Revolt
Revolts Due to Personal Reasons.
Started over a personal grievance (Bohol)
Dagohoy Revolt
Discovered by Fr. Andres de Urdaneta,who found the proper passage using the Kuroshio/North Pacific Gyre current.
Manila Galleon Trade
Manila Galleon Trade.
a. Global maritime trade route connecting the _______________ and ______________.
b. ________ (no.) of trips per year
a. Philippines; Mexico
b. 2
Manila Galleon Trade.
Manila as a transshipment port for goods between _______________.
China and Mexico
Spanish colonial authorities restricted __________________ immigration an population growth.
Chinese
Fr. Vittorio Ricci.
a. Stated that Spanish relied heavily on ________________.
b. Chinese also dominated _______________.
a. Chinese goods (wheat, cloth, earthenware)
b. local crafts and trades
Chinese-Spanish relations were a “______________”- The Chinese were seen as both dominant, influential, and menacing.
complicated duality
