SPCH 102 Final Flashcards
(50 cards)
What are the six principles of communication?
Communication is…
- Limited
- Occurring on levels
- Contextual
- A process
- Irreversible
- Unavoidable
Why is communication unavoidable?
behavior carries messages and our brains are wired to process environmental cues
Why is communication irreversible?
once a message is received, it cannot be un-received
Why is communication a process?
- encoding
- sending
- decoding
- responding
Why does communication have limitations?
obstacles can limit the possibility of mutual understanding at any time (e.g. noise, perception, assumptions, bias, incorrect attributions, self-fulfilling prophecies, communication gaps)
Why does communication occur on multiple levels?
symbolic (verbal/nonverbal messages), scale (self-talk/mass communication), social (comfort level when sharing)
Why does communication occur in context?
depends on why (functional context), what (message), who (relational context), where (physical context), and when (chronological context)
What is feedback?
a response to a message; paraphrase, ask questions, be supportive, encourage, analyze, give advice
demographics
consider characteristics of a population (gender, age, edu, socio-eco status, etc.)
psychographics
consider attitudes, interests, values, beliefs, knowledge, etc.
specific purpose
can be an infinitive phrase beginning with “to inform my audience…” which explains what you want the audience to understand as a result of listening to your speech
thesis
a single sentence encapsulating the information you will share; more specific than your purpose statement b/c reveals concrete detail about the content of your speech
supporting material
citations from more specific sources of information you have consulted
plagiarism
using the words, ideas, or original material of another person without acknowledging the source
values
our intrinsic commitment to our ideas of what is right or wrong, good or bad; inform how we live in the world
major types of informative speeches
objects and places, people, processes, events, concepts
persuasive speeches can
challenge our audience’s beliefs, attitudes, or values
informative speeches
increase an audience’s knowledge about a specific topic; teach
the narrative paradigm
all meaningful communication is a form of storytelling
narratives are stories that present
spoken, visual, and/or written accounts of connected events
how to evaluate a primary source
- closely observe (who, when, where does your eye go first)
- look for key details (anything unexpected? powerful ideas expressed?)
- speculate about each source, its creator, and its content (what was happening, what was intention, audience, biases)
- does this source agree with other primary sources, or with what the students already know? (test assumptions, find other primary/secondary sources that offer support or contradiction)
how to evaluate a secondary source
- date, coverage, authority, objectivity, accuracy
2. URL
Why should you give credit to a source?
adds credibility; avoid plagiarism
primary source
interview, survey, autobiography
