Spec Pedia Flashcards

Question

Pin worms "Worms" S/S How are they spread? Whole family should be.. Diagnosis

Answer 1

``` Wetting of the bed pOor Sleep Rectal Itching which is INTENSE Mebendazole is the DOC (1 Dose) Short fingernails is recommended ``` Hand to mouth Treated because eggs might be everywhere Tape test. Taping the rectum before bowel to see if there are eggs because the worm goes out yo lay eggs then goes back in.

Answer 2

Aka the Kissing Disease. Eipstein Barr Virus ``` (K) Ontact sport is limited FatIgue Swollen lymph nodes Spleen enlargement Sore throat ``` Direct intimate Contact Example is getting a direct drink on the fountain Contact sport because spleen is enlarge

Answer 3

It is a surgical procedure for children that have recurring upper respi infections or obstructive sleep issues Goal of positioning is to prevent Aspiration. So client must be in side lying position with HOB elevated or Prone position Frequent swallowing Up to 10 days. Because scabs on surgical sites will begin to slough off at 7 to 10 days. Avoid chips or Rough foods Sore throat and Slight ear pain Is normal Bad breath may be caused by foreign substance that caused infection in the nose example ate imsertion of toys and may also be caused by old blood in throat

Answer 4

Infection in middle ear usually preceded by a respi infection. There is Bulging, Bright red tympanic membrane. Treatment: Give antibiotics Child cant hear properly Diet is soft foods because child must AVOID chewing Tympanostomy Tube or Pressure Equalizing tube which drains the middle ear and is just temporsry and could fall off anytime, usually after 1 year, and that is okay. Also avoid any water getting inside the ear, use EARPLUGS Prevention: During feeding must sit the baby upright and Avoid bottle propping Blowing games helps keep it clear Avoid smoke of anykind

Answer 5

It is a genetic disease that BOTH parents have a gene of and passed to the baby. It involves exocrine glands and GI problems also Respiratory system. Pancreatic enzymes is given to help improve digestion. Given 30 mins before EVERY MEAL and EVERY SNACK. Do not crush or chew on these meds. Nutrition. Because it involves absorption Problems. Must have a diet of High Fat and High calorie with well balanced meal. Water miscible ADEK vitamins is given because they cannot properly absorb fat. ``` Steatorrhea. ( fatty and frothy stools) because they have a poor intestinal absorption Meconium ileus(bowel obstruction). Because they have a thick and sticky secretions everywhere ``` Sweat chloride test. The baby tastes salty. Baby will become hyponatremic

Answer 6

It is the most common birth defect in US. Aka Trisomy 21 Respiratory infection because they have a poor immune system. Congenital heart defects Advanced maternal age Genetic counseling to inform parents of the risks

Answer 7

Intolerabke to gluten. So must have a gluten free diet. Vegetable protein Barley,Rye,Oats,Wheat Rice,Corn,Soy

Answer 8

Hereditary form of anemia with sickle shaped RBC Anorexia (loss of appetite) Pain in the area involve Exercise intolerance Analgesic Antibiotic if theres any infection Bed rest Blood transfusion Oxygen Hydration to promote circulation and breakup sickle cells clumped together Hydroxyurea which is a chemotherapy drug to help reduce painful episodes ``` "Decreased blood flow➡️low oxygen➡️pain" Significant blood loss Stress Illness Climbing to high altitude Cold Low fluid intake leads to dehydration( must hydrate) Elevated temperature ```

Answer 9

Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. The most common childhood severe muscular dystrophy. ``` X linked trait excessive Lordosis Occurs at 3 to 5 yrs old Gowers sign is thr inability to rise from floor and stairs Toe walking Waddling gait ``` Specfic to MALE children because it is Xlinked recessive trait. 3 to 5 years old Genetic testing Spine is curved inward. LORDOSIS Waddling gait and toe walkig Frequent falls due to muscle weakness Gowers sign, hard time rising from floor and climbing stairs Physical therapy to help in muscle function Contractures are prevented Steroids is given to help improve muscle strength and respiratory function Support groups and palliative care

Answer 10

Tetralogy of Fallot. Where there is Hypercyanotic spells due to less blood going to the lungs which means less blood is being deoxygenated. Knee chest position promotes blood going to the lungs. There is decreased venous return from lower extremeties and increase in systemic resistance which diverts the blood to the pulmonary artery for oxygenation Oxygen at 100% Morphine for sedation Monitor cardiac output Play must be quiet Stress is minimized Crying must be responded to quickly because infants bear down and increases resistance to lungs

Answer 11

Urinary tract infection. Most common with potential serious infection that usually occurs 2 to 6 yrs old. Usually on females because their urethra is 3/4 inches prematurely and 1 1/2 inches long in maturity Signs and symptoms under 2 yrs old are non specific. May even seem to be a GI problem. So it includes, Feeding problems, Vomiting and Diarrhea,failure to thrive ``` Classic signs and symptoms of UTI: Flank pain Frequency urinating Dysuria Fever Hematuria Foul smelling urine ``` ``` Renal anomalies Constipation Pin worms Bubble baths Poor hygiene ``` ``` Antibiotics Wiping front to back Limit carbonated drinks because this decreases acidity in the urine Cotton underwear No bubble baths ```

Answer 12

There is ventricular circulation disturbance which leads to build up of pressure of CSF and causes increased ICP Bulging fontanels with head enlargement Scalp veins are dilated Sunken eyes due to forehead bulging Setting sun sign is where you can see the white sclera above iris High pitched cry is seen with baby of increased ICP Irritability and change in LOC Measuring the head circumference until 3 years old Ventriculoperitoneal shunt: Measure the head circumference pre and post op care Assess for bulging fontanels and suture lines Position supine Check temperature for infection It is often associated with hydrocephalus. Must protect the sac and not let it rupture Prone position Cover sac with sterile moist dressing so it wont dry out while waiting for surgery

Answer 13

Lateral curvature and rotation of the spine. Can be idiopathic or congenital. Heavy backpacks Bags Carrying children on hips Observation Orthosis(supports and braces) Operation which is usually spinal fusion with rods

Answer 14

Childhood communicable disease that is rare. The same virus that cause shingles as a person gets older. Varicella Zoster. Same virus that causes shingles in adults Prevent infection Oatmeal bath and baking soda paste. Helps dry them up Very contagious

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