Spec Pop Midterm

Question 1

An OTA is working with an individual who has spasticity from a stroke and requires training in self-range of motion (SROM) to maintain ROM during recovery. The OTA should ensure that the patient

a. Continues with SROM even if painful
b. performs motions in a slow, controlled manner
c. performs quickly with good rhythym and flow
d. performs partial range of motion

(Chap 23)

Answer 1

(Chap 23, page 421, box 23.4)
b. performs motions in a slow, controlled manner

Question 2

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke who has a subluxed GH joint. Possible interventions include:

a. temporary use of a sling during transfers or gait training
b. taping of the shoulder.
c. proper handling techniques
d. use of overhead pulleys for exercise beyond 90 degrees of shoulder flexion
e. answers b, c and a
f. all of the above

(chap 23)

Answer 2

(page 421-422 Intervention for shoulder subluxation and pain)

e. answers b, c and a

Question 3

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke. To encourage the development of sense of movement, the OTA should instruct the individual to

a. use the uninvolved upper extremity to button, zip, and snap clothing.
b. let the paralyzed arm dangle at the side when pulling pants up.
c. lean toward the floor several times before putting on shoes.
d. clasp hands together to lift the leg during lower extremity dressing.

Answer 3

(page 422 for motor retraining and bilateral integration)

d. clasp hands together to lift the leg during lower extremity dressing.

Question 4

An individual with stroke is experiencing significant paralysis on the dominant side. During grooming, the OTA should teach the individual to

a. communicate with caregivers and ask for assistance for this task
b. squeeze the toothpaste onto toothbrush with nondominant hand and use one-handed techniques.
c. brush hair by clasping the hands together around the brush.
d. brush hair using a diagonal pattern when reaching across the head.

Answer 4

(page 423: Compensatory techniques)

b. squeeze the toothpaste onto toothbrush with nondominant hand and use one-handed techniques.

Question 5

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke who has mild neglect. The OTA should suggest that the individual

a. label garments for identification.
b. use a mirror for feedback.
c. watch videotapes of himself doing functional activities.
d. wear jewelry on the affected side.

Answer 5

(page 424: unilateral neglect)
With more involved deficits, compensation strategies may be used

(see page 425: Perceptual deficits: Compensation)

d. wear jewelry on the affected side.
(Due to the mild nature of the CVA; start with a measure that will prompt or elicit visual scanning to the object or feeling the object (i.e. a bracelet or ring)

Question 6

An individual with stroke has difficulty organizing and initiating the task of washing her face. The OTA should provide

a. physical assistance.
b. written verbal cues.
c. repeated demonstration.
d. step-by-step assistance.

Answer 6

(page 426: Cognitive deficits: compensation)

d. step-by-step assistance.

Question 7

An individual with stroke is unaware of limitations and is unreceptive to feedback related to problems related to the disability. The OTA should plan intervention that initially addresses

a. psychological adjustment.
b. physical limitations.
c. caregiver training related to safety awareness.
d. caregiver training in ADL and IADL.

Answer 7

(page 426; Dysfunction of insight)

c. caregiver training related to safety awareness.

Question 8

An OTA, who works in a rehabilitation setting, is teaching an individual with stroke transfer techniques to various heights and surfaces. To effectively plan treatment to maximize carryover of new learning, the OTA should

a. provide directions with pictures.
b. structure treatment so that the individual performs tasks in various contexts.
c. ask the individual to complete a learning style inventory to assess learning.
d. videotape the individual.

Answer 8

(page 425: Cognitive deficits: Remediation)

b. structure treatment so that the individual performs tasks in various contexts.

Question 9

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke who has impaired attention. The individual would benefit from intervention that focuses on

a. activities of high interest in a quiet environment.
b. familiar activities with multiple steps.
c. new activities with several steps in a group setting.
d. individual activities that are brief and offered once a week.

Answer 9

(pages 424-425)

a. activities of high interest in a quiet environment.

Question 10

An OTA, who works in a rehabilitation setting, is working with an individual whose spouse is having a difficult time adapting to limitations related to stroke. The OTA should:

a. provide resources and ask the spouse to participate in the therapy process.
b. ask the psychologist to speak to the family member.
c. ask the spouse to speak to other spouses and/or significant others in the rehabilitation setting.
d. provide the spouse with material to read related to caregiving.

Answer 10

(page 427 Psychosocial Adjustment & Adaptation)

a. provide resources and ask the spouse to participate in the therapy process.

Question 11

An individual with stroke repeatedly brushes his teeth during morning grooming. The OTA should

a. grade the activity.
b. provide adaptive equipment.
c. use behavioral modification techniques.
d. provide verbal and tactile cues.

Answer 11

(page 426; Impulsivity and perseveration)

d. provide verbal and tactile cues.

Question 12

An OTA is working on self-care tasks with an individual with stroke who missed buttoning several buttons when buttoning a shirt and neglects straightening the collar. The OTA should plan further intervention with a focus on

a. activities that the individual finds meaningful.
b. recognizing and correcting errors and checking quality.
c. providing immediate feedback when an error occurs.
d. activities that use a matter-of-fact approach.

Answer 12

(page 426: Cognitive deficits: Compensation)

b. recognizing and correcting errors and checking quality.

Question 13

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke who attempts to put on a jacket before putting on a blouse or bra. The OTA should plan intervention with a focus on

a. start with complex activities with three or more steps and decrease steps.
b. begin activities using simple short steps progressing to multiple steps.
c. dressing techniques using the compensatory method.
d. dressing techniques using the NDT approach.

Answer 13

b. begin activities using simple short steps progressing to multiple steps.

Question 14

An individual with stroke has difficulty learning new concepts and is unable to adapt thinking patterns in response to change. The OTA should

a. ask the occupational therapist to reevaluate the individual and change goals.
b. provide simple explanations for doing things a certain way.
c. provide the individual with information on a local support group.
d. change activities and environments frequently.

Answer 14

b. provide simple explanations for doing things a certain way.

Question 15

An individual with stroke lacks insight related to deficits and poses problems related to safety. The OTA should

a. provide training in the clinical environment in a quiet, isolated area.
b. ask the physician to explain the problems related to stroke.
c. refer the individual to home health therapy to identify problems at home.
d. provide nonthreatening information and training in real-life situations.

Answer 15

(page 426; Cognitive deficits: Compensation)

d. provide nonthreatening information and training in real-life situations.

Question 16

An individual with stroke who has cognitive deficits becomes angry, refuses to participate in therapy, and lashes out at the OTA. The OTA should

a. request that the physician prescribe medications to control the behavior.
b. ask the family to provide information on previous behavior and prior coping methods.
c. ask the family to intervene and address the behaviors.
d. discuss the behavior with other members of the treatment team and suggest discontinuation until the behaviors improve.

Answer 16

(page 426; Emotional dysfunction and mood impairments)

b. ask the family to provide information on previous behavior and prior coping methods.

Question 17

An individual with stroke is unable to control emotions and experiences uncontrolled outbursts of weeping. The family appears embarrassed when visiting and questions the behavior. The OTA should:

a. ask the family to discuss the condition with the physician.
b. educate the family that they should acknowledge the emotions and ask the patient to discuss what they are feeling.
c. point out that other persons experience lability, and they should not be embarrassed.
d. explain that it is common with stroke, and the condition will likely improve with time.

Answer 17

d. explain that it is common with stroke, and the condition will likely improve with time.

Question 18

An OTA working in a rehabilitation setting is working with a group of individuals during a lunch group. The OTA notices an individual pocketing food, drooling, and having problems swallowing. The OTA should

a. notify the treatment team so a modified diet can be established and provide adequate supervision.
b. ask the individual if he prefers to eat alone or in a group.
c. recommend that the individual eat chewy foods and drink thin liquids.
d. recommend that the individual eat foods that he enjoys most to prevent pocketing.

Answer 18

(page 427-428 (Oral-Motor Dysfunction)

a. notify the treatment team so a modified diet can be established and provide adequate supervision.

Question 19

An OTA is working with an individual with stroke who has edema in the affected hand. The individual will be living alone. The OTA is developing a home program and should provide instructions that include

a. clasping the hands together and reaching for items across the table.
b. wearing a splint at all times.
c. soaking the hand in cold water.
d. elevating the extremity and AROM that involves reaching upward.

Answer 19

(page 423 refers the reader to explore Page 539: Retrograde Massage)

d. elevating the extremity and AROM that involves reaching upward.

Question 20

An OTA who works in an acute care setting is working with an individual with stroke at bedside. Treatment should focus on

a. family training, home modification, and job reentry.
b. ADL and leisure skills.
c. discharge planning to an SNF.
d. graded exercise, basic self-care, and preventing further complications.

Answer 20

(page 418; Intervention Process)

d. graded exercise, basic self-care, and preventing further complications.

Question 21

An OTA who works in an SNF is training a restorative aide in positioning techniques for individuals with stroke. The OTA should emphasize

a. positioning the lower extremity to encourage hip extension.
b. alternating between supine and side lying every 2 to 4 hours and trunk symmetry.
c. supporting the upper extremity with two or three pillows.
d. using an electric bed to prevent back injury.

Answer 21

(page 419: Positioning)

b. alternating between supine and side lying every 2 to 4 hours and trunk symmetry.

Question 22

An individual with stroke and global aphasia nods in agreement and responds to gestures and facial expressions when asked questions. The OTA should

a. teach the individual sign language.
b. continue to communicate using this method.
c. ask a family member to verify the responses.
d. provide a communication device to increase accuracy.

Answer 22

(page 428: Aphasia)

d. provide a communication device to increase accuracy.

Question 23

An individual who sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and recently came out of a coma is being seen by occupational therapy in an acute care setting. Interventions at this stage should focus on: (select all appropriate answers)

A. tone normalization
B. purposeful activity such as dressing and bathing tasks
C. optimize bed and wc positioning
D. graded self-care tasks in advanced positions (HOB elevated to EOB sitting)

Answer 23

A. tone normalization
B. purposeful activity such as dressing and bathing tasks
C. optimize bed and wc positioning
D. graded self-care tasks in advanced positions (HOB elevated to EOB sitting)

Question 24

An individual with severe spasticity who does not respond to medication and passive range of motion may require (select all appropriate answers)

A. aggressive PROM in order to achieve full ROM of involved joints
B. oral Baclofen
C. injections of a neurotoxin (i.e. Botox), in addition to dynamic splinting or serial casting
D. electric stimulation of the spastic muscles

Answer 24

B. oral Baclofen
C. injections of a neurotoxin (i.e. Botox), in addition to dynamic splinting or serial casting

Question 25

An individual with a traumatic brain injury is hypersensitive to noise. The OTA should suggest

A. listening to relaxing music.
B. wearing ear plugs.
C. avoiding crowds.
D. sedentary activities.

Answer 25

B. wearing ear plugs.

Question 26

An individual with a TBI has difficulty swallowing and chokes frequently. Before discharge, the OTA should

A. provide the individual with a handout on dietary restrictions.
B. post signs reading “no liquids” as a visual cue.
C. provide constant verbal cues on swallowing.
D. provide education and training to the family on dietary restrictions/guidelines.

Answer 26

D. provide education and training to the family on dietary restrictions/guidelines.

Question 27

An OTA is working with an individual with a TBI who is disoriented. The OTA should INITIALLY

A. provide basic information in a matter-of-fact tone.
B. ask the individual to identify the month and year.
C. ask the individual to draw a picture of a familiar setting.
D. ask the individual to identify the medical setting.

Answer 27

A. provide basic information in a matter-of-fact tone.

Question 28

An OTA is working with an individual with a TBI who cannot read words and would benefit from an established routine. The OTA should

A. provide a videotape with auditory cues.
B. provide a cue sheet with pictures of the individual performing ADL.
C. demonstrate the ADL and have the individual repeat the demonstration.
D. provide a cue sheet with a generic picture of a person performing ADL.

Answer 28

B. provide a cue sheet with pictures of the individual performing ADL.

Question 29

An individual with a TBI has difficulty with new learning and carryover. The OTAs should INITIALLY
A. provide interventions with low expectations and grade the activity accordingly.
B. design a schedule for a period of 1 month.
C. provide interventions with high expectations and change and grade the activity accordingly.
D. focus only on basic ADL for the first 2 weeks.

Answer 29

A. provide interventions with low expectations and grade the activity accordingly.

Question 30

An individual with a TBI has difficulty processing auditory information. When communicating with the individual, the OTA should

A. speak loud and clear.
B. use visual cues.
C. speak slow.
D. use prerecorded messages.

Answer 30

B. use visual cues.

Question 31

An individual with a TBI becomes frustrated and irritable during OT treatment sessions. The OTA should

A. schedule the session after physical therapy.
B. engage the individual in group activities.
C. return the individual to his room.
D. plan short, relevant, successful activities.

Answer 31

D. plan short, relevant, successful activities.

Question 32

An individual with a TBI has met all IP goals and is preparing for discharge to home and is planning to start a new job in 1 month. The Outpatient OTA should focus on the following areas: (select all appropriate answers)

A. adopting traits to cope with challenges in the new position
B. expanding their awareness of TBI symptoms at this phase of recover
C. improving problem-solving skill set
D. learning new strategies to develop a positive outlook with regard to returning to work
E. limiting beliefs and thoughts about returning to work as it is not likely that a patient with a TBI will resume this role.

Answer 32

A. adopting traits to cope with challenges in the new position
B. expanding their awareness of TBI symptoms at this phase of recover
C. improving problem-solving skill set
D. learning new strategies to develop a positive outlook with regard to returning to work

Question 33

An OTA is working with an individual with a TBI who has been on extended bed rest. Before moving the person from lying to sitting, the OTA should

A. grade the program to prevent a drop in blood pressure.
B. position the individual from side lying to prone.
C. position the individual in a Geri chair.
D. use a mechanical lift to assist with the move.

Answer 33

A. grade the program to prevent a drop in blood pressure.

Question 34

An OTA is providing training for a family member of an individual with a TBI. The OTA should INITIALLY

A. stress the importance of maintaining a quiet environment at all times.
B. teach basic skills first and introduce complex skills later.
C. ask the caregiver about his or her learning style and provide training to meet needs.
D. invite the caregiver to attend all therapies for a week.

Answer 34

B. teach basic skills first and introduce complex skills later.

Question 35

An OTA who is a recent graduate is working with an individual with a TBI who recently emerged from a coma and is having problems swallowing. The OTA should

A. develop a dysphagia program with the SLP.
B. contact the dietician to inquire about nutritional needs.
C. ask the occupational therapist to develop a dysphagia program with the SLP. (service competency and advanced training assumed)
D. ask the dietician for a thickening gel for liquids.

Answer 35

C. ask the occupational therapist to develop a dysphagia program with the SLP. (service competency and advanced training assumed)

Question 36

An OTA is working with an individual with a TBI who has difficulty initiating tasks. The OTA should provide: (Select all appropriate answers)

A. tactile cues
B. diversional activities
C. verbal cues
D. written cues

Answer 36

A. tactile cues
C. verbal cues
D. written cues

Question 37

An OTA is teaching an individual with a TBI to move up and down in bed. The OTA should

A. assist the individual by moving them with a bedsheet.
B. make sure the bed is flat.
C. tie a gait belt on the rail so the individual can pull up and down.
D. elevate the head of the bed.

Answer 37

B. make sure the bed is flat.

Question 38

An OTA is planning a group treatment session for individuals with TBI. Which of the following would meet the goal of improving social behavior?

A. Playing a board game
B. Listening to music
C. Playing a game on the computer
D. Making microwave popcorn

Answer 38

A. Playing a board game

Question 39

An individual who has a TBI has reached a maximum level of independence in a hospital. The OTA should refer the individual to

A. a community reintegration program.
B. outpatient therapy.
C. home health therapy.
D. extended care facility.

Answer 39

A. a community reintegration program.

Question 40

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Functioning
At what level does the following characteristic begin to develop: is able to squeeze the therapist’s hand or reach out to touch the therapist, however inconsistently.

A. Level II: Generalized Response: Total Assistance
B. Level IV: Confused-Agitated: Maximal Assistance
C. Level III: Localized Response: Total Assistance
D. Level IV: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance

Answer 40

C. Level III: Localized Response: Total Assistance

Question 41

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Functioning
Match the behavior with the correct Level of Cognitive Function: Will not begin to brush teeth while positioned in front of the sink, but is placing the bottom of the hair brush in his mouth.

A. Level V: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance
B. Level IV: Confused-Agitated: Maximal Assistance
C. Level III: Localized Response: Total Assistance
D. Level IV: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance

Answer 41

A. Level V: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance

Question 42

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function:
Match the behavior with the correct Level of Cognitive Function: The patient is oblivious that his mother is upset during a team meeting discussing the discharge plan and the amount of supervision that will be required. The patient does not recognize his mother’s fatigue from being at the hospital every day for a month.

A. Level V: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance
B. Level VII: Automatic-Appropriate: Minimal Assistance for Daily Living Skills
C. Level III: Localized Response: Total Assistance
D. Level IV: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance

Answer 42

B. Level VII: Automatic-Appropriate: Minimal Assistance for Daily Living Skills

Question 43

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function:
Match the behavior with the correct Level of Cognitive Function: The patient may become easily irritated while sorting socks and folding the laundry and need to sit down while sorting. The patient is able to complete this task on his own.

A. Level IX: Purposeful and Appropriate: Standby Assistance on Request
B. Level VII: Automatic-Appropriate: Minimal Assistance for Daily Living Skills
C. Level III: Localized Response: Total Assistance
D. Level IV: Confused-Inappropriate, Nonagitated: Maximal Assistance

Answer 43

A. Level IX: Purposeful and Appropriate: Standby Assistance on Request

Question 44

An OTA is conducting a home evaluation for an individual who has multiple sclerosis. The focus should include

A. fall prevention, adaptive devices, and simple modifications.
B. caregiver training on ROM techniques and disease education.
C. remodeling and community resources.
D. family involvement and discussion of future placement.

Answer 44

A. fall prevention, adaptive devices, and simple modifications.

Question 45

An OTA working with an individual who has MS should plan intervention that

A. follows a consistent and predictable schedule on a day-to-day basis.
B. allows for variable and unpredictable changes in the individual’s functional ability.
C. takes into consideration the family’s understanding of the disease.
D. focuses on occupations that are important to the individual regardless of fatigue level.

Answer 45

B. allows for variable and unpredictable changes in the individual’s functional ability.

Question 46

An OTA is leading an energy conservation group for individuals with MS. The group members are interested in learning how to plan evening social activities. The OTA should recommend

A. planning events after adequate rest and limiting exercise for that day.
B. limiting socialization to sedentary activities.
C. choosing activities that are enjoyable regardless of contraindications.
D. encouraging them to explore new activities to replace previous activities.

Answer 46

A. planning events after adequate rest and limiting exercise for that day.

Question 47

An OTA is working with an individual who has MS who expresses concerns related to role loss and reports feeling depressed. The OTA should

A. refer the individual to a psychiatrist for an evaluation.
B. provide emotional support and community resources.
C. discuss the individual’s concerns at the next team meeting.
D. reassure them that others with the disease experience depression.

Answer 47

B. provide emotional support and community resources.

Question 48

An OTA is developing a home exercise program to increase endurance for an individual with MS. The OTA should stress

A. starting with 5-lb weight and increasing by 1 lb weekly.
B. increasing repetitions rather than increasing weight.
C. exercising before retiring for the evening.
D. using an overhead suspension sling when exercising.

Answer 48

B. increasing repetitions rather than increasing weight.

Question 49

An OTA is working with an individual with MS who has visual loss. The individual expresses an interest in using family photographs to make a collage. The OTA should recommend

A. asking a family member to describe the photographs.
B. placing the photographs on a contrasting color cloth and using a magnifier.
C. participating in the activity only when the disease is in remission.
D. exploring another activity that will be successful.

Answer 49

B. placing the photographs on a contrasting color cloth and using a magnifier.

Question 50

An OTA is teaching an individual with MS who has memory problems how to apply energy conservation and pacing during a cooking activity. The OTA should provide

A. photographs and numerous handouts for future reference.
B. assertiveness training to learn delegation.
C. repeated opportunities to practice the techniques.
D. memory drills to help the individual remember the techniques.

Answer 50

C. repeated opportunities to practice the techniques.

Question 51

An individual with MS who experiences fatigue may benefit from

A. a warm bath.
B. wearing a cooling garment.
C. inactivity when tired.
D. progressive resistive exercises.

Answer 51

B. wearing a cooling garment.

Question 52

An individual with Parkinson’s disease (PD) suddenly stops while walking into the bathroom. The OTA should

A. place the hand firmly on the shoulder and verbalize each step to help the individual move.
B. use short, firm, auditory cues to initiate movement.
C. place a gait belt on the individual and ask another person to walk on the opposite side to initiate movement.
D. retrieve a wheelchair and transport the individual into the bathroom.

Answer 52

B. use short, firm, auditory cues to initiate movement.

Question 53

An individual who has PD is taking medications to manage symptoms. An OTA should schedule treatment during periods of optimal and nonoptimal drug response to

A. provide as much therapy as possible to help the individual make gains.
B. get a full overview of the individual’s functioning throughout the day.
C. observe them doing various activities at the time they would usually engage in them.
D. accommodate the scheduled physical therapy so there is focus on mobility.

Answer 53

B. get a full overview of the individual’s functioning throughout the day.

Question 54

An OTA is working with an individual with PD. The individual has tremors and would like to continue meeting with friends for afternoon tea. The OTA should suggest

A. drinking tea from an unbreakable glass using a straw.
B. using a child’s cup with two handles and built-in straw.
C. propping the elbow on the table and keeping arms against the trunk.
D. using an adapted cup with built-up handles.

Answer 54

C. propping the elbow on the table and keeping arms against the trunk.

Question 55

An OTA is working with an individual with PD who has difficulty putting on a shirt. The OTA should

A. suggest that the individual’s spouse dress the individual to save time.
B. teach the individual techniques similar to those used with individuals who have CVA.
C. ask the individual to purchase a shirt one size larger.
D. suggest that the individual wear a robe to eliminate the need to don and doff clothing.

Answer 55

C. ask the individual to purchase a shirt one size larger.

Question 56

An OTA is working with an individual with PD who is fearful of falling when putting on shoes and socks. The OTA should instruct the individual to

A. use adaptive equipment and sit while dressing.
B. wear slippers with rubber soles.
C. avoid wearing shoes at home to prevent tripping.
D. ask her spouse to put her shoes on and take them off to eliminate falling.

Answer 56

A. use adaptive equipment and sit while dressing.

Question 57

An individual with PD is experiencing difficulty initiating movement. The OTA should

A. use guiding techniques to start movement.
B. refer the individual to the physical therapist.
C. use rhythmic music and counting.
D. suggest that the individual use a wheelchair for mobility.

Answer 57

C. use rhythmic music and counting.

Question 58

An individual who has Stage 3 PD prefers to lie in bed and use a wheelchair for mobility. The OTA should

A. allow the patient to lie in positions of comfort for prolonged periods.
B. encourage the individual to stand and reposition to prevent pressure sores.
C. teach the family to assist with all ADL at the bed level.
D. ask the physical therapist to set goals related to mobility.

Answer 58

B. encourage the individual to stand and reposition to prevent pressure sores.

Question 59

An individual who has PD and who had previously enjoyed social activities no longer is interested in participating. The OTA should

A. provide information on new activities to meet new people.
B. teach the individual a craft incorporating fine motor skills that can be done alone.
C. suggest that the individual socialize only with family.
D. develop a schedule that includes social contacts and refer the individual to a support group.

Answer 59

D. develop a schedule that includes social contacts and refer the individual to a support group.

Question 60

An individual who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has upper extremity weakness and decreased balance. The individual would like to prepare a simple meal. The OTA should

A. provide adaptive equipment to carry objects and teach energy conservation techniques.
B. suggest that the individual focus on exercise to improve strength.
C. teach the individual to delegate tasks that he may not be able to complete successfully.
D. ask a family member to attend therapy and provide assistance to the individual to help him meet his goal.

Answer 60

(pg 472, Intervention)

A. provide adaptive equipment to carry objects and teach energy conservation techniques.

Question 61

An individual who has ALS has enjoyed exercising and would like to continue with the activity. The OTA should

A. schedule one long session every day in the morning.
B. encourage the individual to do progressive resistive exercise to increase strength.
C. suggest that the individual limit exercise to passive range of motion.
D. suggest that the individual exercise over several short periods throughout the day.

Answer 61

(pg 472, Motor skills and prevention of deformities)

D. suggest that the individual exercise over several short periods throughout the day.

Question 62

An individual who has ALS has lost the ability to speak. The OTA should

A. fabricate equipment and a switch so that the individual can summon help.
B. refer the individual to the speech pathologist.
C. ask family members to answer questions for the individual.
D. teach the individual sign language.

Answer 62

(pg 473 communication)

A. fabricate equipment and a switch so that the individual can summon help.

Question 63

An individual who is in the later stages of the ALS, requires a wheelchair for mobility. The OTA should consult with the OT to consider

A. a lightweight chair with hand rims.
B. a reclining motorized wheelchair.
C. a motorized scooter.
D. a lightweight chair with removable parts.

Answer 63

(pg 473, mobility and positioning)

B. a reclining motorized wheelchair.

Question 64

A new patient has been admitted to the rehabilitation unit due to declining function in the home. His diagnosis is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The patient and family want to be able to provide assistance in the home for as long as able.
What information should be gathered first during the interview?

A. Patient’s vocational and leisure history.
B. Current ROM and strength measurements
C. Assisted living option for the patient to consider
D. Durable medical equipment needs for ADL.

Answer 64

(pg 472, occupational therapy intervention process)

D. Durable medical equipment needs for ADL.

Question 65

An individual with Alzheimer’s disease has difficulty sequencing multistep tasks. The OTA should

A. use task segmentation to guide the individual.
B. ask the family to complete ADL tasks.
C. use backward chaining techniques.
D. allow the individual to complete the activity independently.

Answer 65

(pg 475, intervention)

A. use task segmentation to guide the individual.

Question 66

An individual with Alzheimer’s disease living in a family member’s home is left alone for several hours during the day. The OTA should

a. suggest that the family post signs throughout the house with emergency numbers.
b. provide the family with information related to potential safety hazards.
c. inform the family to lock all doors leading to the outside.
d. suggest that the family member phone home every 15 minutes.

Answer 66

(pg 475 intervention)

b. provide the family with information related to potential safety hazards.

Question 67

An OTA works in a day treatment setting with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Activities should focus on

A. new activities to evaluate learning ability.
B. childish activities to enhance learning.
C. music, simple games, and reminiscence.
D. community outings involving family members.

Answer 67

(pg 475, adult day care and group activities)

C. music, simple games, and reminiscence.

Question 68

An individual with Alzheimer’s disease becomes agitated during group therapy. The OTA should

A. redirect the individual in a calm voice.
B. remove the individual from the group.
C. continue with the group and ignore the behavior.
D. speak firmly and in an assertive manner.

Answer 68

(pg 476 psychosocial issues)

A. redirect the individual in a calm voice.

Question 69

A resident of a long-term care facility has moderately severe decline secondary to Alzheimer disease.
In the afternoon during an occupational therapy visit, the resident becomes agitated and displays a few aggressive behaviors.
Which action would be MOST EFFECTIVE as a behavioral intervention for redirecting the resident’s attention?

A. Have the resident participate in a simple craft activity.
B. Move the treatment session to a quiet location, away from other residents.
C. Encourage the resident to watch television in the day room.
D. Begin a reminiscence activity related to something the resident likes.

Answer 69

(pg 476 psychosocial issues)

B. Move the treatment session to a quiet location, away from other residents.

Question 70

A COTA is providing intervention for an acute care patient, newly diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome.
The patient requires a ventilator for respiratory support and has quadriparesis.
Which interventions should be a focus during treatments for this phase of recovery?

A. Gradual increase in self-care activities and guidelines to perform a progressive resistive exercise regimen.
B. A strengthening home program with resistive exercise and instruction in strategies to adjust to long-term disability
C. A treatment session that challenges their endurance to the point of fatigue.
D. Positioning program, caregiver education in passive ROM, and splinting to protect weak hand musculature.

Answer 70

(pg 506 occupational therapy intervention process)

D. Positioning program, caregiver education in passive ROM, and splinting to protect weak hand musculature.

Question 71

An individual with a spinal cord injury becomes dizzy and complains of nausea when coming from supine to an upright position. What is the FIRST thing the OTA should do?

A. recline the individual quickly.
B. call for medical assistance.
C. drain the individual’s leg bag.
D. remove restrictive binders.

Answer 71

A. recline the individual quickly.

Question 72

An individual with a spinal cord injury at the C7 level complains of a pounding headache and chills, appears anxious, is sweating, and has bradycardia. The OTA should

A. recline the individual immediately.
B. place the individual in an upright position and remove anything restrictive.
C. leave the client and call for medical assistance.
D. lay the individual on a flat surface and monitor blood pressure and heart rate.

Answer 72

B. place the individual in an upright position and remove anything restrictive.

Question 73

An OTA is working with a woman with a spinal cord injury who is newly married and would like to plan a family. The OTA should

A. refer the individual to the physician.
B. provide information on complications related to pregnancy and childbirth.
C. ask the individual to discuss the topic with the social worker.
D. provide an opportunity for the client to ask questions about sexual issues during the treatment session

Answer 73

D. provide an opportunity for the client to ask questions about sexual issues during the treatment session

Question 74

An individual with a C3 spinal cord injury is participating in a community mobility group at a shopping mall. The client expresses the desire to return to the rehabilitation center due to a pounding headache. The OTA notices the client is sweating profusely. Which should the OTA do first in response to this observation and request?

A. Escort the client to outside of the mall to cool off in the fresh air.
B. Check the client’s urinary catheter and collecting bag.
C. Call the rehabilitation center’s transportation department to relay the client’s request.
D. Immediately activate the recline feature of the patient’s tilt-in-space wheelchair.

Answer 74

B. Check the client’s urinary catheter and collecting bag.

Question 75

When teaching an individual with paraplegia a method for pressure, relief the OTA should instruct the individual to

A. tilt backward while using a power wheelchair.
B. perform a full depression weight shift off the wheelchair arms.
C. ask another person to tilt the wheelchair backward.
D. lean forward while holding a loop made from cotton webbing.

Answer 75

B. perform a full depression weight shift off the wheelchair arms.

Question 76

An OTA is working with an individual with an SCI to determine the need for bath equipment before discharge. The OTA should

A. order all necessary equipment to accommodate the changes in function over a period of time.
B. provide training with similar equipment before ordering.
C. ask the PT to access equipment needed for mobility before determining equipment needed for ADL.
D. order the equipment and practice use during a home visit.

Answer 76

B. provide training with similar equipment before ordering.

Question 77

An individual who had an SCI 20 years ago has lost considerable function. When planning intervention, the OTA should consider

A. how future aging affects function.
B. the cost of adaptive equipment.
C. long-term placement.
D. the level of help needed from a caregiver.

Answer 77

A. how future aging affects function.

Question 78

An OTA is working in an IPR facility for persons with SCI. A patient sustained a C5 complete SCI following an MVA 2 weeks ago. The OTA is working with the patient to attain the patient’s goal to independently self-feed. Which pieces of adaptive equipment are best for the OTA to teach the patient to use during intervention? Select the three BEST responses.

A. A rocker knife
B. Dycem to place under plates.
C. A plate guard or scoop dish.
D. A sip-n-puff mobile arm support.
E. A dorsal wrist splint with universal cuff.
F. A drinking cup with a drinking spout or nose cut-out.

Answer 78

B. Dycem to place under plates.
C. A plate guard or scoop dish.
E. A dorsal wrist splint with universal cuff.