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Special Ed Flashcards

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1
Q

Using repetitive, rhyming texts for kindergarten read alouds would promote reading development by fostering _________________ .

A

Phonemic Awareness

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2
Q

Verb

A

Word used to describe an action,state or occurence. ( Run, Dance, think, believe, fear, want, wonder, am, is, are, was)

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3
Q

Adverb

A

A word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb. ( Gently, quietly, then, there)

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4
Q

Many adverbs usually end with _____

A

“-ly”

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5
Q

Some adverbs tell the location of an action or where it occurred for example :

A

Here, there, somewhere, in , out , upstairs

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6
Q

Instructional Reading Level

A

defined as 85 percent correct word recognition with at least 75 percent comprehension.

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7
Q

Independent Reading Level

A

level at which students can read 99 percent of the words correctly with 90 percent comprehension

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8
Q 
A new high school student is being assessed. He reads a 500 word text. He misreads 35 words. At what level is he reading?
A) Instructional level.
B)Unsatisfactory level.
C) Independent level.
D)Merit level.
A

Instructional Level

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9
Q

According to the Assistive Technology Act, assistive devices are:

A

Any device that could help a disabled student in school or life functions.

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10
Q

In the first week of school, a resource teacher asks her high school students to make lists of things they know how to do well. How is this activity most useful to the teacher?
A)It establishes a feeling of success in her students from the start.
B)It is a formal assessment of prior knowledge.
C)It invites further discussion of each student’s unique contributions and will help the class bond with mutual respect.
D) It is an informal assessment of their writing skills and gives the teacher an idea of each student’s interests and abilities.

A

It is an informal assessment of their writing skills and gives the teacher an idea of each student’s interests and abilities.
This assignment gives the teacher an idea of her students’ writing abilities at the beginning of the year. She can return to this piece of writing during the school year to assess progress.

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11
Q

In the first week of school, a resource teacher asks her high school students to make lists of things they know how to do well. How could the teacher use the students’ lists in her lesson planning?

A) She can have the students exchange lists so they can find other students who share the same interests.
B) On the last day of school, she can return the lists and ask the students to add the new skills they’ve learned, so they can see how far they’ve come.
C) All of these answer choices.
D) She can use the lists when planning independent reading and research projects for each student.

A

C) All
The writing prompt is multipurpose. The teacher can use it in a number of ways, including planning independent reading and research projects for each student, inviting students to share their writing to find others with the same interests and as a way of demonstrating to each student their academic growth at the end of the school year.

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12
Q

A seventh grader with mild intellectual disabilities is having considerable trouble with algebra. His stepfather is trying to help, but the more he drills the girl, the less she seems to understand. The teacher suggests:
A) He calls a moratorium on at-home algebra work. The student is becoming less willing to work at school and the teacher is concerned she is losing confidence due to failure at home.
B) He continues drilling and enhances with pop quizzes. It may take the student longer to understand algebraic terms, expressions and equations, but with hard work she will eventually learn them.
C) He substitutes fun activities for math drills. Incorporating algebra blocks, math games, and applications of algebra to real-life situations will make math more fun and more relevant.
D) He continues drilling but breaks the study sessions into no more than 3 five-minute periods per day.

A

He substitutes fun activities for math drills. Incorporating algebra blocks, math games, and applications of algebra to real-life situations will make math more fun and more relevant.

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13
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A

an umbrella term that groups neurological childhood disorders that affect muscular control. It does not worsen over time and the cause is located in damaged areas of the brain that control muscle movement. Depending upon the severity of the disorder, a child with cerebral palsy might benefit from an AAC device to help in speaking, forearm crutches to assist in walking or a head pointer for a child whose best motor control is his head.

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14
Q

A four year old child has difficulty sorting plastic cubes, circles and triangles by color and shape, doesn’t recognize patterns or groups and doesn’t understand the relationship between little/big, tall/short, many/few. The child enjoys counting, but does not say the numbers in proper order nor recognize the meaning of different numbers. This child most likely:
A) Is developing within an acceptable range.
B) Has dysgraphia.
C) Has dyscalculia.
D) Is exhibiting signs of intellectual disabilities.

A

Has dyscalculia

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15
Q

Dyscalculia

A

a range of difficulties in math, such as the inability to understand numbers’ meanings, measurements, patterns, mathematical terms and the application of mathematic principals. Early clues include a young child’s inability to group items by size or color, recognize patterns or understand the meaning or order of numbers.

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16
Q

Response to Intervention (RTI) is:

A

A strategy for diagnosing learning disabilities in which a student receives research-supported interventions to correct an academic delay. If the interventions do not result in considerable improvement, the failure to respond suggests causal learning disabilities.

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17
Q

Sixth graders Alfie and Honesty ride the same bus. Honesty constantly teases Alfie. Alfie is embarrassed because he believes she is berating him. The bus driver told their teacher it was possible that Honesty is actually interested in Alfie, but doesn’t express it well. The best form of conflict resolution would be for the teacher to:
A) Take Honesty aside and teach her less embarrassing methods of getting a boy’s attention.
B) Take Honesty aside and explain boys don’t like overly aggressive girls.
C) Explain to Alfie that Honesty probably teases him because she likes him and he should take it as a compliment.
D) Suggest to Alfie that if he is disturbed by Honesty’s teasing, he have a calm, assertive conversation with her and tell her he doesn’t like it and insist she stop.

A

Suggest to Alfie that if he is disturbed by Honesty’s teasing, he have a calm, assertive conversation with her and tell her he doesn’t like it and insist she stop.

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18
Q

A special education teacher is creating a developmental history for a high school student. She wants to know when the teen reached certain behavioral, academic and developmental milestones. She should consult:
A) The student’s doctor and therapist. These professionals know how to elicit and document this information.
B) The student. Involving him in the process will make him more interested in his progress.
C) The parent or guardian because he or she has known the student from the beginning.
D) The student’s previous teachers. This information should be in the file.

A

The student’s parent or guardian, who has known the student throughout his life, is the correct answer. When compiling a developmental history it’s best to consult people who have had a close personal relationship with the student over his lifetime. They are the most likely to possess the greatest amount of information regarding the student’s development over time.

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19
Q

What’s a IFSP?

A

individualized family service plan ( for

students birth to 2 yr. 11 mo.)

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20
Q

What’s task analysis?

A

process of breaking a learning task into
smaller elements & sequencing from
simplest to most complex

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21
Q

Three main signs of AD/HD?

A

inattention/problems with attention, very

active, impulsivity

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22
Q

Three types of AD/HD?

A

inattentive
hyperactive-impulsive
combined.

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23
Q

Treatment of AD/HD?

A

create program to fit needs, help child
manage behavior
medication if parent/doctor feel helpful

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24
Q

What does “Other Health Impaired”

category include?

A

students with “limited strength, vitality or
alertness that is due to chornic or acute
health problems.

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25
What is the hearing impairment definition?
It is an impairment in hearing, fluctuating or permanent, that adversely affects a child performance.
26
What was determined in | Lau V. Nichols (1974)?
Schools must provide bilingual education | or instruction in native language
27
Some adverbs tell the EXTENT of the action :
Very, too, almost, also, only, enough, so.
28
Adjective
A word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it
29
Adjective Examples:
Bitter, Salty, Yummy, Tasty, Boiling, Fluffy, Noisy, Voiceless, Pink, Chubby, Late, Sassy, Romantic
30
Noun
A word other than a pronoun used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things
31
Noun Examples
Name of a person,A country, city,state, things (hat. bottle, table) animals etc.
32
pronoun
any of a small set of words in a language that are used as substitutes for nouns or noun phrases and whose referents are named or understood in the context
33
Pronoun examples
I , We, You, they
34
T or F : When creating lesson plans to promote specific reading skills, an elementary SPED teacher should make sure that the targeted reading skills relate to an appropriate instructional progress and reflect student needs.
True
35
Diagraph
a pair of adjacent vowels or consonants that are BOTH heard as a SINGLE sound. Ex: "sh" in shoe & "ea" in seat
36
_________ measures the ability to complete a skill in the absence of instruction
Maintenance
37
The practice of slowly removing the supports as the student demonstrates mastery is known as ____________.
Scaffolding
38
Sally has inappropriate behavior under normal circumstances along with a pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression. She would most likely qualify as having _________________.
Emotional/ Behavior Disorders.
39
T or F : | Children with intellectual disabilities/ disorders do not learn new material efficiently or effectively
True
40
T or F : | Children with ID generally lack adaptive behavior skills and do not use environmental cues to assist with behavior.
true
41
Morphology
the study of how words are formed
42
People who have disorders in morphology often have difficulty using _______.
Suffixes
43
Suffix
A morpheme added at the end of a word to form a derivative "ation" "fy" "ing" "itis"
44
T or F: A child with a morphology problem has trouble making the correct past tense of a word. They also leave out grammatical elements such as the articles (as, the) and pronouns
T
45
visual-spatial abilities
ability to mentally manipulate 2D and 3D figures
46
phonology
analyzes sound pattern of a language by determining which sounds are significant.
47
Morphemes
the smallest units of meaning in language | can be words that stand alone like fish, girl or word particles like "ed" "ness" that are attached to words
48
Pragmatics
. Knowing WHEN, WHAT AND HOW to say something in a social situation. Can also be referred to as social skills
49
Semantics
meanings of words and phrases
50
What might semantics problems look like in a child ?
Difficulty following verbal directions use a limited amount of words to express himself experience difficulty asking and answering questions struggle to understand the relationship between words
51
Syntax
the component of language that deals with the way words are arranged in a sentence , sometimes refferred to as grammar
52
"I saw that she a cookie ate" is an example of _________
incorrect syntax
53
Autism Spectrum Disorders are characterized by deficit in :
Communication odd or unusual behavior ( rocking, sniffing, licking, making noises) social skills (inappropriate eye contact, inability to read nonverbal cues)
54
oppositional defiant disorder
An externalizing behavior disorder characterized by frequent loss of temper, arguing with adult request or rules, deliberately annoying and being annoyed by people and blaming others for ones misbehavior's .
55
``` A student is due for their three year eval, but the parent wants the student transferred out of the teachers class for an incident and the parent blamed the teacher. How should the teacher proceed? ```
The teacher should request another teacher to conduct the eval in order to eliminate bias.
56
``` A student is due for their three year eval, but the parent wants the student transferred out of the teachers class for an incident and the parent blamed the teacher. What actions can the sped teacher take to minimize bias in the results? ```
Record the child's behavior accurately Follow administration procedures carefully Understand the child's cultural expectations
57
What procedures would not be necessary in the pre-referral stage of data collection?
Intelligence testing- this is completed following a referral for sped testing.
58
________ refers to the extent to which an assessment accurately measures what it is intended to measure.
Validity
59
_________ refers to the consistency of results and is determined through correlation methods
Reliability
60
Universal Design for learning
would be the best teaching model for learners with a mild learning disability to obtain informal assessment data. Because UDL provides multiple and flexible means of representation and engagement.
61
Competitive employment
refers to employment where everyone competes with everyone else on the same playing field for jobs and no one receives any additional support or services.
62
Distributive education
an educational program in which students receive both classroom instruction and on the job training.
63
work enclaves
involve an employment model where individuals with disabilities work in public jobs that are also held by individuals with disabilities. employees often receive additional support from a non-disabled worker supplying supervision.
64
Sheltered workshop
places of employment for individuals with disabilities that are usually segregated from the general public. Individuals are supervised by non disabled workers
65
vocational resource educator
a professional who assists students with disabilities in vocational classes . Don't typically provide support to students who are in actual jobs.
66
Job coach
someone who helps a person with a disability to be successful in a specific job may help train and provide supervision.
67
employment counselor
may assist with finding and matching a person with an appropriate job, they dont provide services while on the job
68
Orientation/mobility specialist
someone who assists a person who is blind or visually impaired in orienting and moving around their environment
69
When students are transitioning to independent living, classroom based instruction should be _____ and community based instruction should be _______
Minimized/ Maximized | because individuals with ID do not generalize skills well and should practice skills in the environment they will be in.
70
Self-determination
being able to advocate for oneself and to take control of one's life
71
internal locus of control
you have control over what happens to you through the decisions you make
72
IEP annual goal must include:
Criterion timeline behavior condition
73
criterion
expectation for performance as a means to monitor progress on a goal
74
timeline
"at the end of the year" | "in 36 instructional weeks"
75
Behavior
single measurable and observable behavior
76
condition
materials or supports available when the student completes the task
77
contention
heated disagreement
78
occupational therapist
works with small muscle actions such as with the hands and fingers as well as with sensory aversions
79
behavior therapist/analyst
consulted when behaviors are interfering with the child's learning.
80
physical therapist
work with large muscle groups used in actions such as walking and throwing
81
Modeling
a more skilled person demonstrating a task to a less skilled person
82
peer tutoring
using a more skilled student to help a less skilled student
83
prompting
providing hints for a student that leads them to a correct answer
84
Laptops and speech to text software may be used to provide multiple means of engagement, so it is considered ________________.
Universal design for learning, since non sped kids can use it
85
T or F | A modified test signifies that a student is in special ed and thus may have modifications.
true
86
Assistive technology is determined by ________
is determined by the IEP team
87
Multiple means of expression
provides learners with flexible means to express learning that reduces barrier to a single mode of expression.
88
T OR F | multiple means of expression is NOT a principle of universal design for learning
T
89
Multiple means of representation
requires teachers to present information in multiple ways in order to overcome barriers for students with disabilities
90
multiple means of engagement
provides a way for student to demonstrate knowledge and access material other than a single format , activities that are interesting , challenging, culturally representing and supportive are all examples of the UDL principle of MME
91
the best way to ensure students are having a successful learning experience is to ____________________
make sure all student are actively engaged and involved in lessons
92
direct selection
allows student to deliver parts or the whole message at a time . use of tech such as a monitor, printer or speech device
93
encoding
a communication system where by parts of the message are communicated rather than individual pieces.the sender and receiver must put parts together to relay a message
94
scanning
communication system in which a series of options such as letters are offered to the student who indicates by a predetermined method which letters or picture they wish to state
95
indication
refers to the way in which a student communicates a message
96
Low tech devices
simple and don't require electronics
97
Mid tech devices
may be electronic but are NOT as expensive as high tech devices, may require more training, but generally can be used with little or no support from the manufacturer
98
high tech devices
generally electronic and require extensive training and upkeep, often very expensive
99
total communication
incorporates multiple ways to communicate for those who are deaf/ hard of hearing. Uses sign language, speaking, gesturing , facial expression and finger spelling (oral and manual comm)
100
T or F | Students with dyslexia have trouble with accurate and or fluent word recognition
True
101
T or F | Writing letters backwards are often common in ALL children
True
102
T or F | Dyslexia is a visual perception problem
False
103
T or F | Color overlays have shown strong evidence to help students with dyslexia
False
104
T or F | When children are not accepted by their peers a students motivation and academic achievement may be negatively impacted
True
105
Forward chaining
strategy in which a student completes the first step independently and then is prompted through the remaining steps. Later the child completes the first two steps independently and is prompted through the remaining steps. This continues until the student
106
backward chain
a student is prompted through the first steps of a task analysis and completes the final step independently
107
cueing
providing a hint for the student
108
Intrinsic motivation
refers to ones need to succeed belong and have self-determination
109
Field dependence
the extent external stimuli and information impact the learner's perceptions. The learner relies on environmental cues to identify information or give meaning to what they see or hear
110
External Locus of Control
student with external locus of control believe that their success or failure is out of their control
111
Learned Helplesness
A belief that one cannot succeed on their own
112
T or F Culture plays a major part in a common misperception and miscommunications particularly when discussing the learning of a student with a disability
True
113
T or F Teachers need to develop an awareness of practices common in various cultures so that when children behave in a manner consistent with their culture , the behavior will not be misinterpreted
True
114
T or F For students with developmental disabilities, particularly intellectual disabilities and autism, behavior tantrums are more an attempt to communicate that they are a display of inappropriate behavior
true
115
Crisis plan
an action plan that is needed for times when a student may be at risk of harm to self or others. The plan focuses on immediate response to the risk
116
Critical elements of a crisis plan are:
Clear identification of what constitutes a crisis Determining the roles of the crisis team members How to ensure the safety of other students
117
A list of reinforcers would be appropriate for a ______________.
Behavior intervention plan
118
Anxiety can often manifest ____________.
Agression
119
Positive behavior support
using methods an techniques that support desirable and appropriate behavior rather than punishing inappropriate behavior
120
Problem based learning
is a teaching strategy in which students solve actual , real life problems using their own knowledge and experience
121
Social story
intervention strategy used to teach self-awareness , self calming and self management skills
122
The types of educational services and the educational placement for a student with disabilities depend on ____________
the student characteristics and community resources.
123
The individuals with disabilities act requires that school districts begin planning for transition for special education students at age of ___ and in some cases ___.
16 & 14
124
T or F The more a student is involved in establishing his or her own goals the more the ITP will reflect the students interests the more the student will invest in the transition process
True
125
T or F The IDEA gives Texas the authority to transfer educational decision-making right to individuals at the age of majority (18)
true
126
Inferential comprehension tasks
require students to predict what might happen next
127
Phonemic Awareness
The conscious awareness that words are made up of individual speech sounds known as phonemes
128
The use of ______ would enhance word recognition using word relationships and prior knowledge
synonyms | i.e if students were learning the word horrible the teacher would use a known word such as bad to explain the new word
129
T or F When it comes to comprehension strategies , re-reading the passage aloud, discussing and writing down each step of the problem would make it easier for a student to comprehend
True
130
T or F | Helping students understand vocabulary meanings prior to reading will help students comprehension of the text
true
131
A concept map is best used to ______________
organize knowledge of a subject
132
Effective steps for teacher to take for students learning how to retell a story
Select similar texts Prepare a guide sheet ask the child to retell the text summarize and evaluate the retelling
133
without strong _________________ , reading fluency and comprehension will always be a struggle
phonemic awareness
134
prephonetic
child begins to understand letter-sound correspondences that sounds are assigned to letters I.E "U"
135
Phonetic
child begins to use letters or group of letters to represent every sound they hear I.E. "BIK" (bike)
136
transitional
student begins to apply conventional alternatives or rules for representing speech sounds " I.E " MITE" (might)
137
Miscue analysis
would provide the most info about a students decoding ability and other word analysis skills
138
A math teacher instructing students with learning disabilities should teach math concepts from the concrete to the representational T Or F
T
139
Concrete example
Counting balls from a basket
140
representational example
drawing circles of each basket and drawing balls in each one
141
abstract example
writing the numerical expression out
142
supplementary angle
either of two angles whose sum is 180
143
percent error formula
correct answer-answer given/correct value= decimal number -> change to %
144
How many feet squared in a yard?
9ft
145
How to change ft to yards
divide ft/9
146
A teacher of math should engage in ongoing analysis of teaching and learning by observing , listening to and gathering other info about students to assess what they are learning T OR F
T
147
formative assessment
embedded in the sequence of instruction and is designed to enhance learning with non-threatening results and adapt to student needs
148
summative assessment
designed to allocate grades based on how a student proves their understanding of the subject
149
T or F If parents refuse to agree to a time to meet the school district must document all attempts to schedule the meeting at a mutually beneficial time and then proceed to hold the meeting anyway
True
150
T or F It is the districts responsibility to determine if the student qualifies for and is in need of special education services. That responsibility can not be set aside just because the parents won't attend the meeting.
True
151
The IDEA says that if parents and school districts officials disagree about a child's special education program , a neutral 3rd party should be invited to help everyone reach a satisfactory. T OR F
true , to avoid expensive process of due hearing
152
Section 504 of the rehabilitation act of 1973
is a federal civil rights law which prohibits discrimination base of gender, ethnicity, age or handicap. It's much broader than IDEA
153
IDEA guarantees a student with special needs the right to be educated in the least restrictive environment with the opportunity to interact with regular education peers to the greatest extent T or F
True
154
The IDEA is the main federal program that __________________________________________________________
gives incentives to states to develop early intervention programs , starting below the age of 3
155
According to the IDEA , providing each student with a disability free appropriate public education is the direct responsibility of the local school disctrict T OR F
True
156
Under IDEA can changes be made to the IEP without a meeting?
Yes, if both school district and parents agree to the change
157
What should be done if parents don't believe a student is benefiting from a sped program and want to remove him from all services?
Under IDEA , the districts correct response would be to agree, but insist that the parents put their request into writing
158
T or F | most people are able to understand percentile ranks much easier than other types of scores
True
159
T or F In a parent teacher conference it is important that the teacher use language and terminology that parents can easily understand
True
160
A re-eval can occur more frequently only if the parent and local education agency agree to conduct it T or F
True
161
characteristics of ED
inability to build or maintain interpersonal relationship, depression, learning inability not explained by health, sensory or IQ factors.
162
Asperger's Syndrome
high functioning student with autism, on | autism spectrum disorder continuum
163
Self-contained Mild or Moderate
setting generally is used for mildly or moderately handicapped students who require services for 50% or more of the regular school day
164
Self-Contained, severe
setting generally is used for students who may not be capable of attending more than two regular education classes.
165
Manifestation determination
determination that a student's misbehavior | is or is not a manifestation of a disability
166
Fragile X syndrome
condition in which the bottom of the X chromosome in the 23rd pair of chromosomes is pinched off; can result in physical anomalies as well as MR, more often in males than females, thought to be the most common hereditary cause of MR
167
Latency Recording
determines the amount of time a student engages in behaviors after an assignment is presented.
168
Event recording
tallying each time a behavior occurs, best when collecting data on discrete behaviors and those which require a numerical measure rather than temporal.
169
Permanent product recording
a record of tangible products or the results of thereof such as video recording or a worksheet
170
Interval recording
Dividing an observation into short intervals of time and measuring the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the specific behavior
171
Pre-operational stage
Generally includes children ages 2-7 | They use objects to represent other items, they are able to make symbolic representations.
172
concrete operational stage
children ages 7-11, | students are able to use logical operation to solve problems
173
formal operational stage
children over the age of 12 | students are able to think abstractly and make judgements
174
sensorimotor stage
children from birth to 2 years | children encounter the world through their senses and motoric actions
175
behavioral inhibition
common characteristic for individuals with ADHD | It is a person's inability to interrupt a response once it has started, to delay a response or withhold a response/
176
behavioral control
a person is able to interrupt a response , delay a response or withhold a response
177
metacognition
Thinking about what you're thinking, it is what allows a person to regulate his/her thinking and behaviors
178
The normal range of intelligence on standard IQ measures is ____ with the mean of _____ and a standard deviation of ___.
85-115;100;15
179
What must be completed first before considering assistive technology for a student receiving sped services
Writted IEP goals and objectives
180
When planning behavioral interventions, strategies like greeting student upon arrival and breaking academic tasks into small manageable chunks are especially valuable to-
prevent the problem behavior from occurring
181
a kindergarten teacher could informally assess a student's phonemic awareness by asking the student to-
identify the sound he/she hears at the beginning, middle and end of the spoken word " what sound do you hear at the end of step?"
182
vertical line test
if a line touches at more than two points it is NOT a function
183
If a SAT score is said to be in the 79th percentile then the student ____________________________
scored better than 79 % of all the others taking the test
184
Formative assessment
could be a quiz that is marked for correction, but won't have a grade, this is a good way for teachers to find out what concepts students find difficult
185
summative assessment
should be used once concepts are believed to be understood by the students, NOT in the initial process of learning because these assessments contain formal grades
186
Special education teachers are held at a higher degree of accountability than regular classroom teachers in compliance to IEP guidelines T or F
True
187
T or F : School's can not unilaterally change students placements
True
188
T or F; According to IDEA regulations a continuum of alternative places must be available for students who need them
true
189
Down syndrome
A genetic condition occurring as a result of an abnormality in the 21st pair of chromosomes. It is characterized by mental retardation ( intellectual disability) and physical characteristics such as eyes that appear slanted, hypotonia, a single crease across the palm of the hand , short stature, and a tendency for being obese
190
Tourettes syndroms
a neurological disorder beginning in childhood that involves stereotypical repetitive motor movements (tics) . These are often accompanied by multiple vocal outbursts such as grunting or inappropriate words such as swearing . It is 3x more prevalent in BOYS than girls
191
intellectual disability ( mental retardation)
a condition resulting in low cognitive ability and low adaptive behavior skills
192
informal reading inventory
an assessment in which a student reads a selected series of text that gradually increase in difficulty, the teacher records errors and assesses comprehension to determine the levels of reading materials appropriate for the student
193
norm-referenced tests
tests where a student's performance is compared with a norm group , or a representative sampling student similar to the student.
194
criterion referenced tests
tests where the student's performance is compared to a standard or criterion. The student's score is not based on how he/she compared with other student's , but rather on how the student did as measured by the criteria or standards
195
narrative text
purpose is to entertain, tell a story , or provide an aesthetic literary experience
196
expository text
used to explain something or provide information
197
cloze procedure
student in which a student demonstrates comprehension of reading by supplying missing words
198
Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
an important construct of the federal special education law (IDEA) which says that all children with disabilities will be educated free of cost to parents
199
Functional Behavioral Assessment
An evaluation consisting of finding out what purpose a particular behavior serves. what triggers the behavior and what features of a setting maintains the behavior.
200
Individualized Education Plan
federal law (IDEA) requires that a team develop an IEP for each student receiving special ed services. IEP must contain a statement of student's present levels of educational performance,annual goals related to areas of deficit , short term objective describing intermediate steps to annual goal, criteria and procedures for determining the achievement of the objectives , and educational services to be provided to the student
201
Manifestation Determination
a determination that a student's inappropriate behavior is not a result , or manifestation , of his/her disability
202
Americans with Disabilities Act
the ADA is a civil rights law for persons with disabilities to protect them from discrimination in a wide range of activities , such as employment , transportation, public accommodations and telecommunications . This is not the primary law that provides protection and safeguards educational rights of students in schools.
203
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Education Act
signed in 1998, this law provides federal funds for occupationally -relevant equipment, vocational curriculum materials, materials for learning labs, staff development, career counseling etc.
204
TEKS
State required curriculum for all public schools in TX,it lists the skills that should have been mastered at various grade levels in all academic subjects
205
No Child Left Behind Act
main purpose was to impose federal standards on primary and secondary education , it emphasizes standardized testing to measure improvements in reading math and science.consists of 4 principles; teacher quality, student testing, scientific research and public school choice.
206
Dysgraphia
learning disability involving writing
207
developmentally delayed
broad label used when cause of students problems are not known
208
differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior
the teacher reinforces the student for engaging in behavior at a lower rate
209
extinction
involves discontinuation of reinforcement of a behavior that has previously been reinforced resulting in the decrease/elimination of an undesired behavior
210
social skills
can be used to decrease behaviors
211
backward chaining
student is prompted through the first steps of task and completes last steps independently
212
forward chaining
student does the first step independently and is through prompted the last steps
213
cognitive behavior training
focuses on changing the way a person thinks in order to change undesirable behavior
214
behavior modification
changing behavior by increasing or decreasing whatever is reinforcing the behavior
215
T or F | without phonemic awareness reading fluency and comprehension will always be a struggle
T
216
t or f | fluency plays a big role in reading comprehension
t
217
a good way to help a student with reading comprehension would be to ________________________
work on fluency skills
218
commutative property
end result must be the same no matter what order actions were made in. ex 2+3=5 3+2=4 putting your keys in front and wallet in back pocket
219
T or F | the horizontal tests is related to inverse functions and does not define a function
t
220
systematic sampling
selecting every nth person (5th, 6th etc)
221
cluster sampling
selecting randomly
222
random sampling
everyone has an equal chance of being selected
223
any number raised to the zero power equals ___
1 except 0
224
public law 94-142
free appropriate public education in LRE for students
225
if a student is blind but can read, write and use print will not qualify for sped T OR F
t

Special Ed Texes (2 decks)

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