1
Q
Lower Body Limb Amputation Vascular DEF
A
- most common >50yo
- peripheral neuropathy (Diabetes2)
- peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
2
Q
Lower Body Limb Amputation NonVascular DEF
A
- <50yo
- trauma
- tumors
- congenital deformity
3
Q
Peripheral Neuropathy
A
- nerve damage
- weakness/clumsiness
- pain
- dec sensation of texture/temp
- impaired balance
4
Q
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Physiological
A
- obstruction of arteries
- ischemia
- claudication
- slowed wound healing
5
Q
Gangrene
A
- tissue death
- infection or ischemia
- revascularization or amputation
- sepsis
6
Q
Exercise Considerations for Lower Body Amputee
A
- En. expend. is higher
- Skin/Stump issues (infection/(phant)px)
- Overuse of non involved limb
- Ex Response (amt musc remaining)
7
Q
Exercise Testing for Lower Body Amputee
A
Functional -Walking capacity Modes -arm/leg/cycle ergometer -resistance machines
8
Q
Exercise Prescription for lower body amputee
A
- incorp largest amt of musculature
- CV benefits
- Minimize injury/px
9
Q
Spinal Cord Injury DEF
A
- trauma, infect, tumor (male 80%trauma)
- spina bifida
- multiple sclerosis
- impairments (sensoimotor, autonomic, physiological, locomotor)
10
Q
Spinal Cord Injury Autonomic Nervous System
A
EFFERENT MOTOR
-paralyzed muscle fibers innervated by damaged nerve
AFFERENT SENSORY
-skin stim, musc tension, length/position, rate of movm
11
Q
Spinal Cord Injury Degree of Impairment Spec
A
T6 and above
- respiration and motor ctrl depending on funct capaciy of ab muscles
- lack cntrl bladder, bowels, sex funct, trunk has full ROM
12
Q
SCI Impairment levels
A
Nerve level and Damage -determine degree of motor, sensory, autonomic dysfunction Ex Related Prob -dec large muscle groups -insufficient CV stim
13
Q
SCI Secondary Complications
A
SKIN Decubitus ulcers -chg BF (skin subcutaneus tissues) -dec elasticity -infection BONES osteoporosis/fx -no wtb, musc activity -longer to heal w/fx HO heterotopic ossification -hip/knees jt stiffening/fusion
14
Q
Additional SCI Complications
A
MUSCLES spasticity hypertonia -exaggerated reflexes -grasping fine mtr control FLACIDITY atonia -grater musc and bone atrophy CONTRACTURES -shortening of musc
15
Q
SCI precautions/modifications
A
SKIN -chg position -check for issues -cushion/strapping/suppor BONE -standing/harness -careful transfers/fall prevention JOINT -passive ROM -Empty bowel/urine bag
16
Q
General Complications for SCI
A
- Thermoregulation
- UTI
- Pain UE
- Chronic Restrictive Pulmonary Disease
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Orthostatic hypotension
17
Q
Diabetes hyperglycemic Symptoms
Type
A
- fatigue
- polydipsia/polyurea
- wt loss
- polyphagia
18
Q
Hyperglycemic Sypmtoms Type 2
A
- blurred vision
- poor wound healing
- inc infections
- prolonged severe hyperglycemia
19
Q
Hypoglycemia Symptoms
A
-tachycardia
-palpitations
-perspiration
-sensations of anxiety/hunger
-prolonged = neurogluopenia
(Drunk)
20
Q
Type 1 Diabetes
A
- <30 yo
- autoimmune
- limits insulin (dont have insuling production)
- body destroys own beta cells and wont produce insulin
21
Q
Type 2 Diabetes
A
- > 30 yo
- insulin resistance
- pancreas fatigues over time
- genetics/enviroment
- metabolic syndrome
22
Q
Diabetes Complications
A
- CHD incidence 2-4 x higher
- Stroke 2-4 x higher
- hypertension
- retinopathy
- nephropathy
- neuropathy (peripheral/autonomic)
23
Q
Diabetes Ex Rx
A
- keep log
- plan
- modify caloric intake
- adjust insulin
- good shoes
- mode (non/partial wt bearing)
24
Q
Diabetes Ex Rx regarding BG
A
BG>250mm/dl= test urine, keytones =no ex
BG>300mm/d and no keytones =use caution
BG<100mg/dl= rule of 15s (15g 15min check)
25
ADA guidelines for Diabetes
- DV 150 min/wk mod or 90 min/wk inten
- no more than 2 days between bouts
- resistance training apparently healthy
26
Type 1 vs Type 2 EX RX
Type 1
-sim to apparently healthy
Type 2
-aligned w/ obese
27
Obesity Body Comp Measurement
-BMI greater than 30
| 32/% men/women
28
Obesity Etiology
Genetic
-25-40% obesity variability
ENVIRONMENT
-nature/nurture child/adult
29
Energy Balance Obesity
```
High Energy Intake
-larger storage of fat than equal amount of CHO
-malnutrition (nutrient deficiencies)
Low Energy Output
-TEE=RMR+PA+TEF
-RMR=67% (60-75)
-PA=23%
-TEF=10%
```
30
Metabolic Syndrome
ANY 3
- inc Body fat
- inc insulin resistance
- dec lipace (fatty deposits in liver)
- dyslipedemia (bad cholesterol)
- HTN
- Inflamation
31
Visceral Adiposity
```
Hormones
-GI hormones (orexigenic and anoretic)
Adipocyte HNS
-leptin
-adiponectin
-inflammatory
Estrogen**
```
32
EX RX for obesity
```
F-5-7 something every day
I- conversation
-watch for fatigue
-not focus initially
T- limit WB initially
-ADL's
-Resistance training
T- 15-30 min to 50-6- min day
```
33
Obesity Treatment Options
- diet therapy
- PA
- Behavorial modifiation
- Pharmocatherapy (appetite suppressents, CNs stim, fat absorb inhib)
- Surgery
34
Bariatric Surgery Issues
- Nutritional Deficiencies
- iron
- calcium
- fat sol
- vit B
- vit C
35
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- BP CV function
- extreme hypertension response to noxious stim
- skin trauma
- bowel impaction
- bladder overextension (UTI)
- Missing Sympathetic NS response
36
Symptoms of Autonomic Dysreflexia
- sudden headache, spots/blurred vision, nausea
- vasodialation
- nasal stuffiness, anxiety
- medical emergency can be fatal
- treat w body repositioning
37
Elite athletes equipment examples
- racing wheelchairs
- bicycles, tricycles, arm cranks
- court/field sports
- prosthesis
- tighter push rim
38
Elite athletes with impairments injuries prevelence/prevention
- no incr risk
- upper limb overuse
- thermal stress treatment different
- proper fit wheelchair/prost is key
39
Elite athletes w/ impairments benefits
- better health than other wheelchair
| - fewer complications, doc visits, rehospitilations
Special Populations
flashcards
Decks in class (3)
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