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RT 302 Contrast Examination > Special Pro 2 (2) > Flashcards

Special Pro 2 (2) Flashcards

1
Q

are diagnostic agests that are instilled into body orifice or injected into vascular system, joints, and ducts to enhance subject contrast in anatomic areas where low subject contrast

A

CONTRAST MEDIA

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2
Q

TYPES OF CM

A

Positive Contrast Media
Negative Contrast Media

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3
Q

Borium Sulfate (BaSO.) and Iodine (1)
Radiopaque or Appears white (decreased density) on radiograph
Composed of clements with HIGH ATOMIC NUMBER

A

Postive Contrast Media

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4
Q

Are diagnostic agents that are instilled into body orifice or injected into the vascular system, joints, ducts to enhance subject contrast in anatomic areas where there is low subject contrast

A

Contras Media

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5
Q

High atomic number CM

A

Appears White/ Radiopaque

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6
Q

Low atomic number CM

A

Appears Black/ radiolucent

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7
Q

POSITIVE CONTRAST MEDIA

A

High atomic number

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8
Q

Atomic number of Barium sulphate

A

56

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9
Q

Mass number of BaSO4

A

137

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10
Q

Best recommendation for mixing barium preparations in barium enema study - Follow the manufacturer’s instructions

A

Barium Sulphate

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11
Q

NEGATIVE CONTRAST MEDIA

A

Low atomic number

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12
Q

What is commonly used in Negative contrast?

A

Air, carbon dioxide and oxygen

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13
Q

The most common contrast media in veterinary radiography, can also be used in urinary bladder (pneumocystogram), gastrointestinal frequently used negative comoon, an in joints (negative arthrogram).

A

Air

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14
Q

_____ are the most frequently used contrast media.

A

Carbon dioxide and air

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15
Q

Who first introduced BaSO4 and in what year?

A

FRITZ MUNK in 1896

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16
Q

_____ are credited with the 1” used of barium sulphate.

A

BACHEM AND GUNTHER

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17
Q

Chemical formula of Barium Sulphate

A

BaSO4

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18
Q

Chemical compound of barium sulphate

A

1atom of barium
1 atom of sulphur
4 atoms of oxygen

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19
Q

term where a compound is not completely dissolved in water.

A

Colloidal suspension

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20
Q

It has tendency to clump and comes out of suspension

A

flocculation

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21
Q

is added to barium sulphate preparation to gastrointestinal tract examinations to avoid precipitation

A

Gum of acacia

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22
Q

Stabilizing agents, anti-caking, anti-flocculation such as

A
  1. Sodium carbonate
  2. Sodium citrate
  3. Carboxyl-Methyl Cellulose-Anti Foaming
  4. Dimethypolysiloxone-Anti Foaming
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23
Q

REASON FOR BARIUM SULPHATE AS AN IDEAL CONTRAST MEDIA FOR GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

A
  1. Ideal radiographic contrast
  2. Non-absorbable
  3. Non-toxic
  4. Stable suspension
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24
Q

PROPERTIES OF BARIUM SULPHATE

A

CONCENTRATION
PARTICLE SIZE
VISCOSITY
THIXOTROPY
ADDITIVES

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25
Q

SIDE EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULPHATE

A
  1. Bloating
  2. Constipation
    3 Cramping
  3. Nausea
  4. Vomiting
    6 Stomach or lower abdominal pain
    7 Tightness in chest
  5. Troubled breathing
  6. Wheezing
26
Q

TYPES OF BARIUM SULPHATE

A

COMMERCIAL
PLAIN BaSO4

27
Q

FOUR PHYSICAL STATES OF CONTRAST MEDIA

A

OIL
TABLETS
POWDER
LIQUID

28
Q

Contrast agents salts of electrically negatively charged acids containing iodine that ionizes in solution and causes
more patient discomfort.

A

IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA/ High Osmolar Contrast Media (HOCM)

29
Q

Contrast agents of electrically negatively charged acids containing lodine that does not lonizes in a solution and is safer, less painful and better tolerated by patients.

A

NON-IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA/ Low Osmolar Contras Media

30
Q

Contrast agents of electrically negatively charged acids containing lodine that does not lonizes in a solution and is safer, less painful and better tolerated by patients.

A

NON-IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA

31
Q

Test done to check the patient tolerance to CM

A

Sensitivity Test

32
Q

To serve as a test dose , how many cc of CM is given

A

1

33
Q

It is injected to patient for any allergic reaction

A

Antihistamine

34
Q

TYPES OF SENSITIVITY TEST

A

SCLERAL METHOD
SUBLINGUAL METHOD
INTRADERMAL
INTRAVENOUS

35
Q

What method is One drop of CM is put into the sclera (white part of the eyeball

A

SCLERAL METHOD

36
Q

What method is one drop of CM is deposited into the inferior base of the tongue.

A

SUBLINGUAL METHOD

37
Q

What method is One cc of CM is deposited just beneath the skin

A

INTRADERMAL METHOD

38
Q

what method is One cc of CM is injected into the vein.

A

INTRAVENOUS METHOD

39
Q

REACTIONS TO CONTRAST MEDIA

A

MINOR REACTION
MAJOR REACTION
SEVERE REACTION

40
Q

GENERAL CONTRAINDICATIONS TO AN INTRAVASCULAR CONTRAST MEDIA

A
  1. Previous severe reaction
  2. Heart disease
  3. Hepatic failure
  4. Renal failure
  5. Thyrotoxicosis
  6. Pregnancy
41
Q

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ABOUT DRUGS

A
  1. DRUGS/MEDICATION
    2 CHEMICAL NAME
  2. GENERIC NAME
  3. OFFICIAL NAME
  4. TRADE/BRAND/PROPRIETARY NAME
  5. BIOAVAILABILITY
  6. BIOTRANSFORMATION
    8 CONTROLLED DRUGS
  7. PHARMACOKINETICS
  8. THERAPEUTIC EFFECT
  9. IDIOSYNCRATIC EFFECT
    12 ALLERGIC REACTION
42
Q

5 RIGHTS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

A
  1. Right Drug
  2. Right Dose 3. Right Patient
  3. Right Route
  4. Right Time
43
Q

Steps in the production of sterile solutions of contrast media

A

Preparations of solution
Filtration
Filling
Sterilizations
Visual Inspection

44
Q

Types of Iodine Based Contrast Media

A

Ionic CM
Non-Ionic CM
Oily CM

45
Q

Physiochemical properties of contrast media

A

Water solubility
Viscosity
Osmolality

46
Q

atomic number of iodine

A

53

47
Q

mass number of iodine

A

127

48
Q

k-edge of barium sulphate

A

37.4 keV

49
Q

k-edge of iodine

A

33.2 kev

50
Q

Imaging that is mainluy used in the imaging of digestive system

A

barium enema
double contrast barium enema
barium swallow
barium meal
barium follow through

51
Q

exposure factors for film screen imaging

A

Kilovoltage (kv)
milliamperage (mA)
exposure time

52
Q

Image quality factors

A

density
contrast
resolution
distortion

53
Q

checking microbial purity of cm

A

Membrane filters method
culture tube method

54
Q

methods of administering contrast media

A
  1. Intravenously
  2. Administered and then concentrated or excreted
  3. Ingested or orally
  4. Injected directly to site of interest
  5. Rectally
  6. Injectrd and then caused to move to point of interest
  7. Drip infusion
  8. Bolus method
  9. Hand bolus method
55
Q

four veins where you can i ject cm

A

median cephalic vein
veins in neck
veins in scalp
veins in ankle

56
Q

2 methods of administration

A

direct method
indirect method

57
Q

3 Indirect method in methods of Administration

A

oral
PO
Parenteral

58
Q

Parenteral or via injection sites

A

Tropical
intradermal
intramuscular
intravenous subcutaneous
intrathecal

59
Q

barium sulphate is administered through

A

orally
rectally

60
Q

properties of baso4

A

non toxic
insoluble in water
stable suspension
odorless

RT 302 Contrast Examination (2 decks)

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