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RT 302 Contrast Examination > Special Pro 2 (2) > Flashcards

Special Pro 2 (2) Flashcards

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1
Q

are diagnostic agests that are instilled into body orifice or injected into vascular system, joints, and ducts to enhance subject contrast in anatomic areas where low subject contrast

A

CONTRAST MEDIA

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2
Q

TYPES OF CM

A

Positive Contrast Media
Negative Contrast Media

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3
Q

Borium Sulfate (BaSO.) and Iodine (1)
Radiopaque or Appears white (decreased density) on radiograph
Composed of clements with HIGH ATOMIC NUMBER

A

Postive Contrast Media

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4
Q

Are diagnostic agents that are instilled into body orifice or injected into the vascular system, joints, ducts to enhance subject contrast in anatomic areas where there is low subject contrast

A

Contras Media

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5
Q

High atomic number CM

A

Appears White/ Radiopaque

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6
Q

Low atomic number CM

A

Appears Black/ radiolucent

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7
Q

POSITIVE CONTRAST MEDIA

A

High atomic number

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8
Q

Atomic number of Barium sulphate

A

56

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9
Q

Mass number of BaSO4

A

137

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10
Q

Best recommendation for mixing barium preparations in barium enema study - Follow the manufacturer’s instructions

A

Barium Sulphate

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11
Q

NEGATIVE CONTRAST MEDIA

A

Low atomic number

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12
Q

What is commonly used in Negative contrast?

A

Air, carbon dioxide and oxygen

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13
Q

The most common contrast media in veterinary radiography, can also be used in urinary bladder (pneumocystogram), gastrointestinal frequently used negative comoon, an in joints (negative arthrogram).

A

Air

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14
Q

_____ are the most frequently used contrast media.

A

Carbon dioxide and air

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15
Q

Who first introduced BaSO4 and in what year?

A

FRITZ MUNK in 1896

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16
Q

_____ are credited with the 1” used of barium sulphate.

A

BACHEM AND GUNTHER

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17
Q

Chemical formula of Barium Sulphate

A

BaSO4

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18
Q

Chemical compound of barium sulphate

A

1atom of barium
1 atom of sulphur
4 atoms of oxygen

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19
Q

term where a compound is not completely dissolved in water.

A

Colloidal suspension

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20
Q

It has tendency to clump and comes out of suspension

A

flocculation

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21
Q

is added to barium sulphate preparation to gastrointestinal tract examinations to avoid precipitation

A

Gum of acacia

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22
Q

Stabilizing agents, anti-caking, anti-flocculation such as

A
  1. Sodium carbonate
  2. Sodium citrate
  3. Carboxyl-Methyl Cellulose-Anti Foaming
  4. Dimethypolysiloxone-Anti Foaming
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23
Q

REASON FOR BARIUM SULPHATE AS AN IDEAL CONTRAST MEDIA FOR GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

A
  1. Ideal radiographic contrast
  2. Non-absorbable
  3. Non-toxic
  4. Stable suspension
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24
Q

PROPERTIES OF BARIUM SULPHATE

A

CONCENTRATION
PARTICLE SIZE
VISCOSITY
THIXOTROPY
ADDITIVES

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25
SIDE EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULPHATE
1. Bloating 2. Constipation 3 Cramping 4. Nausea 5. Vomiting 6 Stomach or lower abdominal pain 7 Tightness in chest 8. Troubled breathing 9. Wheezing
26
TYPES OF BARIUM SULPHATE
COMMERCIAL PLAIN BaSO4
27
FOUR PHYSICAL STATES OF CONTRAST MEDIA
OIL TABLETS POWDER LIQUID
28
Contrast agents salts of electrically negatively charged acids containing iodine that ionizes in solution and causes more patient discomfort.
IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA/ High Osmolar Contrast Media (HOCM)
29
Contrast agents of electrically negatively charged acids containing lodine that does not lonizes in a solution and is safer, less painful and better tolerated by patients.
NON-IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA/ Low Osmolar Contras Media
30
Contrast agents of electrically negatively charged acids containing lodine that does not lonizes in a solution and is safer, less painful and better tolerated by patients.
NON-IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA
31
Test done to check the patient tolerance to CM
Sensitivity Test
32
To serve as a test dose , how many cc of CM is given
1
33
It is injected to patient for any allergic reaction
Antihistamine
34
TYPES OF SENSITIVITY TEST
SCLERAL METHOD SUBLINGUAL METHOD INTRADERMAL INTRAVENOUS
35
What method is One drop of CM is put into the sclera (white part of the eyeball
SCLERAL METHOD
36
What method is one drop of CM is deposited into the inferior base of the tongue.
SUBLINGUAL METHOD
37
What method is One cc of CM is deposited just beneath the skin
INTRADERMAL METHOD
38
what method is One cc of CM is injected into the vein.
INTRAVENOUS METHOD
39
REACTIONS TO CONTRAST MEDIA
MINOR REACTION MAJOR REACTION SEVERE REACTION
40
GENERAL CONTRAINDICATIONS TO AN INTRAVASCULAR CONTRAST MEDIA
1. Previous severe reaction 2. Heart disease 3. Hepatic failure 4. Renal failure 5. Thyrotoxicosis 6. Pregnancy
41
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ABOUT DRUGS
1. DRUGS/MEDICATION 2 CHEMICAL NAME 3. GENERIC NAME 4. OFFICIAL NAME 5. TRADE/BRAND/PROPRIETARY NAME 6. BIOAVAILABILITY 7. BIOTRANSFORMATION 8 CONTROLLED DRUGS 9. PHARMACOKINETICS 10. THERAPEUTIC EFFECT 11. IDIOSYNCRATIC EFFECT 12 ALLERGIC REACTION
42
5 RIGHTS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
1. Right Drug 2. Right Dose 3. Right Patient 4. Right Route 5. Right Time
43
Steps in the production of sterile solutions of contrast media
Preparations of solution Filtration Filling Sterilizations Visual Inspection
44
Types of Iodine Based Contrast Media
Ionic CM Non-Ionic CM Oily CM
45
Physiochemical properties of contrast media
Water solubility Viscosity Osmolality
46
atomic number of iodine
53
47
mass number of iodine
127
48
k-edge of barium sulphate
37.4 keV
49
k-edge of iodine
33.2 kev
50
Imaging that is mainluy used in the imaging of digestive system
barium enema double contrast barium enema barium swallow barium meal barium follow through
51
exposure factors for film screen imaging
Kilovoltage (kv) milliamperage (mA) exposure time
52
Image quality factors
density contrast resolution distortion
53
checking microbial purity of cm
Membrane filters method culture tube method
54
methods of administering contrast media
1. Intravenously 2. Administered and then concentrated or excreted 3. Ingested or orally 4. Injected directly to site of interest 5. Rectally 6. Injectrd and then caused to move to point of interest 7. Drip infusion 8. Bolus method 9. Hand bolus method
55
four veins where you can i ject cm
median cephalic vein veins in neck veins in scalp veins in ankle
56
2 methods of administration
direct method indirect method
57
3 Indirect method in methods of Administration
oral PO Parenteral
58
Parenteral or via injection sites
Tropical intradermal intramuscular intravenous subcutaneous intrathecal
59
barium sulphate is administered through
orally rectally
60
properties of baso4
non toxic insoluble in water stable suspension odorless

RT 302 Contrast Examination (2 decks)

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