Special Senses

Question 1

Which of these correctly describes the pathway taste sensations would take, starting at the tongue?

Answer 1

CNs VII, IX, and X ➔ synapse in medulla ➔ synapse in thalamus ➔ primary sensory cortex

Question 2

Visual information from the left half of the combined field of vision arrives at the _____.

Answer 2

visual cortex of the right occipital lobe

Question 3

A loss of transparency in the _____ would result in _____.

Answer 3

lens; cataract

Question 4

Why are rods best suited for night vision?

Answer 4

Rods have a low threshold for activation

Question 5

What processes take place for the lens of your eye to become rounder to focus on nearby objects?

Answer 5

Ciliary muscles contract, which reduces tension on the suspensory ligaments.

Question 6

Which of the following statements applies to a detached retina?

Answer 6

There is a separation between the neural part of the retina and the pigmented part.
b.To heal a detached retina, the detached layers need to be reattached or vision is lost.
c.It is possible to heal a detached retina, but frequently a person will experience permanent blind spots.

Question 7

What is the role of the auditory ossicles in hearing?

Answer 7

They act as levers to conduct vibrations to the inner ear.

Question 8

Vibration of the _____ is transmitted at the _____ to produce the sensation of sound.

Answer 8

stapes; oval window

Question 9

The _________ is/are part of the bony labyrinth

Answer 9

vestibule

Question 10

Which of the following is part of the spiral organ (organ of Corti)?

Answer 10

Tectorial membrane

Question 11

Where are the sensory receptors that respond to rotational movements of the head?

Answer 11

in the anterior, posterior, and lateral semicircular ducts

Question 12

Which of the following is not a feature of the retina?

Answer 12

Optic chiasm

Question 13

Which of the following statements correctly describes the location of rods and cones on the retina?

Answer 13

Cones are located at the center of the
retina, rods at the periphery.

Question 14

Vitamin A is used to synthesize which component of rhodopsin?

Answer 14

Retinal

Question 15

At which interface in the human eye is refraction the greatest?

Answer 15

between air and the cornea

Question 16

Why can corneal transplant surgeries be performed between unrelated individuals without the risk of rejection?

Answer 16

There are no blood vessels in the cornea, so white blood cells cannot attack the foreign
tissue.

Question 17

The sensation of flavor is due primarily to _____.

Answer 17

olfactory sensation

Question 18

Which of the following describes the intensity of a sound?

Answer 18

amplitude

Question 19

When aqueous humor cannot drain into the scleral venous sinus, _____ results.

Answer 19

glaucoma

Question 20

How does vitamin A deficiency affect vision

Answer 20

The amount of visual pigment in photoreceptors declines, causing poor night vision.

Question 21

Low-frequency sounds vibrate the basilar membrane _____ because _____.

Answer 21

far from the oval window; of longer wavelength

Question 22

What is the survival value of being more sensitive to sour and bitter tastes than to sweet and salty ones?

Answer 22

Sour acids can damage mucous membranes.
Many potent toxins have a bitter taste.
Sweet and salty tastes are pleasant, and therefore good for you.

Question 23

“the nerve that carries the image from the retina to the brain is the optic nerve.

Answer 23

Iris - “regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.”

Question 24

Lens

Answer 24

Focus light on retina

Question 25

The “Pupil The adjustable opening at the center of the iris that allows varying amounts of light to enter the eye. Retina”

Answer 25

“Retina The light-sensitive layer of tissue that lines the back of the eyeball. It sends visual messages through the optic nerve to the brain”