Special senses

Question 1

This organ has 4 types of lingual papillae?

Answer 1

Tongue

Question 2

Taste hairs increase surface area and are called?

Answer 2

Microvilli

Question 3

What ions from salt solutions diffuse through the epithelial sodium leak channels in gustatory cells?

Answer 3

Sodium

Question 4

What ions from sour solutions diffuse through the epithelial sodium leak channels in gustatory cells?

Answer 4

Hydrogen

Question 5

What is Gustation?

Answer 5

The action of tasting

Question 6

What is Olfaction?

Answer 6

The action of smelling

Question 7

G protein associated with taste and the gustatory system is called?

Answer 7

Gustducins

Question 8

Olfactory receptors (dendrites of specialised neurons) detect the stimulus causing depolarisation. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 8

Receptor

Question 9

An action potential travels down the axons of the sensory neurons leaving the olfactory epithelium. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 9

Sensory Neurons

Question 10

Sensory neurons collect into bundles, penetrate the ethmoid bone, and synapse in the olfactory bulb in the forebrain, then travel along the olfactory tract. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 10

Sensory Tracts

Question 11

The bundled axons then travel to the olfactory cortex in the hypothalamus, and partly extend into the limbic system. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 11

Sensory Areas

Question 12

Gustatory receptors (specialised cells with inexcitable membranes) detect the stimulus, causing graded depolariation, stimulating neurotransmitter release. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 12

Receptor

Question 13

Synapse with dendrites of sensory neurons. Neurotransmitters release causing depolarisation fo the sensory neurons, stimulating an action potential. What stage of the sensory pathway is this??

Answer 13

Sensory Neurons

Question 14

Action potentials travel along the sensory afferent cranial nerves and synapse in the medulla oblongata and then the thalamus. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 14

Sensory Tracts

Question 15

The axons finally synapse in the gustatory cortex of the insula. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 15

Sensory Areas

Question 16

Receptors, located in the inner ear are called what?

Answer 16

Hair cells

Question 17

Sterocillia, act as what?

Answer 17

Mechanoreceptors

Question 18

Movement of what results in distortion of plasma membrane, altering rate of chemical transmitter release?

Answer 18

Sterocillia

Question 19

Collects and directs soundwaves to the middle ear via the external acoustic meatus is called what?

Answer 19

Auditory canal

Question 20

Hairs and ear wax prevent what from entering the ear?

Answer 20

Dust and foreign objects

Question 21

What is the tympanic membrane?

Answer 21

The ear drum

Question 22

What is the pinna?

Answer 22

The outer ear

Question 23

The temporal bone is found where?

Answer 23

The ear

Question 24

The malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil) and the Stapes (stirrup) is found where?

Answer 24

The middle ear

Question 25

The semicircular canals and the cocklea are found where?

Answer 25

The inner ear

Question 26

The vestibular nerve, cochlea nerve and round window are found where?

Answer 26

The inner ear

Question 27

The Eustachian tube is found where?

Answer 27

The ear

Question 28

An air filled chamber separated from the auditory canal by the tympanic membrane and is found in the middle ear is called what?

Answer 28

Tympanic cavity

Question 29

The sensory organs for hearing and equilibrium and receives the amplified sound waves from the middle ear is called what?

Answer 29

Labyrinth

Question 30

What detects movement of the head?

Answer 30

Semicircular canals

Question 31

What detect sound vibrations?

Answer 31

Cochlea

Question 32

What detects linear acceleration and deceleration?

Answer 32

Vestibule

Question 33

What provides mechanical support, assists with focusing and attaches to the extrinsic eye muscles? Hint: tunic

Answer 33

Fibrous tunic

Question 34

A thin transparent are on the surface of the eye lets light in. What am I and what tunic am i?

Answer 34

Cornea | Fibrous tunic

Question 35

Made up of dense, fibrous connective tissue and is the white of the eye. I am called what and what tunic am i?

Answer 35

Sclera | Fibrous tunic

Question 36

What contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and instrinsic smooth muscles in the eye? Hint: tunic

Answer 36

Vascular tunic

Question 37

What is the coloured part around the pupil called and what tunic am i?

Answer 37

Iris | Vascular tunic

Question 38

What is the opening of the eye that expands and contracts to take in different levels of light? What tunic am i?

Answer 38

Pupil | Vascular tunic

Question 39

I am a thickened region that bulges into the interior of the eye. Ligaments go from me to the lens to hold into position and controls the shape? what tunic am i?

Answer 39

Ciliary body | Vascular tunic

Question 40

I am the vascular layer covered by the sclera. I contain capillaries to deliver oxygen and nutrients to neural tissue. What am I and what tunic am I found in?

Answer 40

Choroid | Vascular tunic

Question 41

I am controlled by two layers of papillary muscles of the iris and focus images onto photoreceptors?

Answer 41

The lens

Question 42

The thin outer layer (pigmented) absorbs light and the thick inner layer (neural layer) contains photoreceptors. What am i? Hint: Tunic

Answer 42

Neural tunic (retina)

Question 43

These enable us to see in dim light and do not discriminate among colours of light?

Answer 43

Rods

Question 44

These provide colour vision, require more light and provide sharper, clearer images?

Answer 44

Cones

Question 45

What are the 3 types of cones?

Answer 45

Blue, Green and Red

Question 46

This is the site of the sharpest vision and is where the highest concentration of photoreceptors are found?

Answer 46

Fovea

Question 47

Photoreceptors, rods and cones, detect light. Rods are highly sensitive but do not discriminate against colours of light. Cones provide us with colour vision, giving us a sharper image but requiring more intense light. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 47

Receptor

Question 48

Rods and cones synapse with neurons called bipolar cells, which then synapse with ganglion cells. The axons of the ganglion cells converge at the optic disc, forming the optic disc, forming the optic nerve? What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 48

Sensory neurons

Question 49

The optic nerve caries visual information to the brain. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 49

Sensory Tracts

Question 50

Visual information is processed in the visual cortex, part of the cerebral cortex. What stage of the sensory pathway is this?

Answer 50

Sensory areas

Question 51

Detects rotation in the sagittal plane (nodding head)? Hint: Canal

Answer 51

Anterior semicircular canal

Question 52

Detects rotation in the coronal plane (tiliting head from side to side)? Hint: Canal

Answer 52

Posterior semicircular canal

Question 53

Detects rotation in the transverse plane (head shaking - no) Hint: Canal

Answer 53

Lateral semicircular canal

Question 54

Hair cells are located here (on basilar membrane). Stimulated hair cells are transduced into nerve impulses? What am i?

Answer 54

Organ of Corti

Question 55

Where is the organ of corti found?

Answer 55

Cochlea