Special Senses by

Question 1

Dendritic endings are responsible for what general senses?

Answer 1

Pain and temperature.

Question 2

Meissner’s corpuscles are responsible for what general sense?

Answer 2

Soft touch.

Question 3

Pacinian corpuscles are responsible for what general sense?

Answer 3

Pressure.

Question 4

Proprioceptors are responsible for what general sense and effect what anatomical structure?

Answer 4

General sense = proprioception

Anatomical structure = muscle spindles

Question 5

List the 5 general senses.

Answer 5

1. Touch
2. Pain
3. Temperature
4. Pressure
5. Proprioception

Question 6

The uneven clustering of cutaneous receptors which provides sensitivity to body areas that need it most?

Answer 6

Punctuate Distribution.

Question 7

Becoming unaware of a stimulus after a prolonged exposure to the stimulus?

Answer 7

Adaptation.

Question 8

Pain perceived in one part of the body when another area is receiving the stimulus?

Answer 8

Referred pain.

Question 9

The whites of the eyes?

Answer 9

Sclera.

Question 10

The clear anterior portion of the sclera allows for the passage of light into the eye also known as the anterior window?

Answer 10

Cornea.

Question 11

Contains blood vessels that directly or indirectly provide nutrients to the eye. Appears as a dark middle layer within the eye.

Answer 11

Choroid.

Question 12

Anterior muscle within the eye that supports the lens and controls its shape.

Answer 12

Ciliary body.

Question 13

Focuses images by directing rays of light entering the eye.

Answer 13

Lens.

Question 14

Location of photoreceptors in the eye. The type and density of receptors varies from one portion to another.

Answer 14

Retina.

Question 15

Photoreceptor cells are made up of?

Answer 15

Rods and Cones.

Question 16

Portion of the retina at which the optic nerve innervates it causing a “blind spot” at which there are no photoreceptors?

Answer 16

Optic disc.

Question 17

A shallow depression at which there is a high concentration of photo receptors especially cones.

Answer 17

Fovea centralis.

Question 18

List the 3 Tunics of the eye:

Answer 18

1. Fibrous tunic
2. Vascular tunic
3. Sensory tunic

Question 19

List the 4 special senses:

Answer 19

1. Vision
2. Hearing
3. Olfaction (smell)
4. Taste

Question 20

List the 3 structures of the outer ear:

Answer 20

1. Pinna
2. External auditory meatus
3. Tympanic membrane

Question 21

List the 3 ossicles of the middle ear:

Answer 21

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Question 22

Name the 2 primary structures of the inner ear.

Answer 22

1. Cochlea

2. Semicircular canals & vestibule

Question 23

What structure of the inner ear is responsible for the sense of hearing?

Answer 23

The Cochlea.

Question 24

What part of the bony membranous labyrinth is responsible for the sense of equilibrium?

Answer 24

Semicircular canals & vestibule.

Question 25

What structure of the cochlea contains the receptor cells responsible for the sense of hearing?

Answer 25

The organ of Corti.

Question 26

What cranial nerve is responsible for providing the sense of olfaction?

Answer 26

The Olfactory nerve (Cranial nerve I).

Question 27

Olfactory receptors regenerate every how many days?

Answer 27

30-60 days.

Question 28

List the structures of the ear involved in the pathway of sound transmission to the brain:

Answer 28

1. External Auditory meatus 2. Tympanic membrane 3. Ossicles 4. Oval window 5. Endolymph within the Membranous labyrinth of the Cochlea 6. Cochlear duct 7. Hair cells of the Organ of Corti 8. Cochlear nerve 9. Vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve 8)

Question 29

What cranial nerve carries visual information to the brain?

Answer 29

The Optic nerve (N 2)

Question 30

What transparent protein within the lens is responsible for both its clarity and its focusing power?

Answer 30

Crystallin

Question 31

The highest concentration of photoreceptors in the eye occurs in the center area called the_______.

Answer 31

macula lutea