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Anatomy Module 9 > Special Senses hearing > Flashcards

Special Senses hearing Flashcards

(106 cards)

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0
Q

conducts soundsto tympanic memb

A

External acoustic meatus

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1
Q

collects sounds

A

Auricle

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2
Q

Consists of single elastic cartilage which is continuous w/ cartilage of ext acoustic meatusContains hair,sweat/sebaceous glands

A

Auricle

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3
Q

no cartilage, can be pierced for earring

A

Lobule

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4
Q

External acoustic meatus extend from concha to

A

Tympanic membrane

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5
Q

External Acoustic Meatus

A

S shape 2.5 cm long

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6
Q

External Acoustic Meatus

Composition

A

Lateral/3 = cartilage

-Medial 2/3 = bony

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7
Q

Infants

A

Pure cartilage

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8
Q

External Acoustic MeatusLateral partLined w/ skinContents

A

Hair follicles
Sebaceous gl
Ceruminous gl
•prod cerumen

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9
Q

External medial part

A

Lined w/ thin skin

Isthmus= constricted part

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10
Q

External Acoustic Meatus>Arterial supply

A

1] Post auricular branch of external carotid artery
2] Deep auricular branch ofmaxillary artery
3] Auricular br of superficial temporal artery

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11
Q

External acoustic meatus venous drainage

A

1] External jugular vein
2] Maxillary vein
3] Pterygoid plexus

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12
Q

External Acoustic MeatusNerve supply

A

1] Auriculotempral n fr CN V
2] Tympanic plexus fr CN VII
3] Auricular branch fr CN X

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13
Q

When doing otoscopic exam, know the

A

Anatomy of external acoustic meatus

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14
Q

Pull the ear

A

Superiorly
Posteriorly
Laterally

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15
Q

Thin, semitransparent,oval membrane
Medial end of EAM
Separates external from middle ear

A

Tymphanic membrane

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16
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Oblique and slopes inferomedially

Pearly gray and shiny

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17
Q

Fr umbo, bright area emanates called

A

Cone of light

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18
Q

Vibrations are transmitted from TM by auditory ossicles through the

A

Middle ear to internal ear

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19
Q

Concavity toward the meatus w/ a central depression, umbo, formed by handle of malleus

A

Tympanic membrane

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20
Q

Tympanic MembraneArterial Supply

A

Maxillary artery

Deep auricular a -Posterior auricular a-Tympanic branch

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21
Q

Tympanic membrane venous drainage

A

External jugular vein

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22
Q

Tympanic membrane nerve supply

A

Auriculotemporal n [CN V3

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23
Q

Deafness-Etiology:> Foreign Bodies> Infection> Excessive Pressure as in scuba diving

A

Perforation of TM

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24
During PE of tympanic membrane pull the auricle
Superiorly Posteriorly Laterally
25
Narrow cavity in petrous part of temporal bone
Middle ear
26
Middle ear contents
Auditory ossiscles Stapedius Tensor tympani Chorda tympani n
27
Middle ear connections anterior
Nasopharynx
28
Middle ear connections, postero superior
Mastoid antrum
29
formed by tegmen tympani | -separates ME fr dura
Roof or tegmental
30
formed by bone | -sep ME fr int jugular vein
Floor or jugular
31
formed by tymp membr
Lateral or membranous
32
Semicircular ducts and cochlea | -sep ME from inner ear-2 small windows
Medial or labirynthine
33
closed by base of stapes | -through this window, vibrations of stapes are transmitted to inner ear
Fenestra vestibuli
34
closed by a secondary TM | -allows perilymph to move in response to impulses
Fenestra cochlea
35
leads to mastoid antrum via an opening, aditus
Posterior or mastoid
36
pyramidal eminence contains the stapedius mm
Posterior or mastoid
37
Interior or Carotid wall2 openings w/c connects
1] w/ canal occupied by tensor tympani | 2] w/ nasopharynx thru auditory tube
38
Funnel shaped | Connects NP to middle ear
Auditory tube
39
Auditory tube measurement
3.5 to 4.0 cm long | 1/3 bone, 2/3 cartilage
40
Auditory tube Equalize pressure in middle ear w/
ATM pressure
41
Auditory tube arterial supply
1]Ascending pharyngeal a 2]middle meningeal art 3] artery of pterygoid canal
42
Auditory tube venous drainage
Pterygoid plexus
43
Auditory tube nerve supply
Tympanic plexus[CN VII and IX
44
Ear bones Form a chain across middle ear From TM to oval window Function: Increase the force but decrease amplitude of vibrations transmitted fr TM
Auditory ossicles
45
Auditory ossicles consist of
1] MALLEUS 2] INCUS 3] STAPES
46
Part of malleus | rounded superior partlies in epitympanic recessarticulates w/ incus
Head
47
Part of malleus | lies vs flaccid part of TMwhere chorda tympani nerve crosses
Neck
48
Part of malleus | embedded in TMwhere tendon of tensor tympani inserts
Handle
49
Part of incus | Artic w/ head of malleus
Body
50
Part of incus | Artic w/ stapes
Long process
51
Part of incus | Connected to tympanic cavity by a ligament
Short process
52
Part of incus | Artic w/ head of stapes
Lenticular process
53
Part of stapes | fits into oval window
Base
54
Part of stapes | artic w/ lenticular proc of incus
Head
55
2 cm longOrigins | -cartilaginous part of auditory tube-greater wing of sphenoid bone-petrous part of tempbone
Tensor tympani
56
Insertion of tensor tympani
Handle of malleus
57
Nerve supply of tensor tympani
Mandibular n [CN V3
58
Action of tensor tympani
pulls handle of malleus thus tenses TM reduces amplitude of oscillations prevents damage to int ear when exposed to loud sounds
59
STAPEDIUSOrigin
Pyramidal eminence
60
Insertion of stapedius
Neck of stapes
61
Nerve supply of stapedius
Nerve to stapedius [CN VII
62
Action of stapedius
Reduces oscillatory range | -Prevents excessive movement of stapes
63
Contains the vestibulocochlear organConc w/ reception of sound and maintenance of balance
Internal ear
64
In petrous part of temporal boneConsists of sacs and ducts of membranous labyrinth
Internal ear
65
Membranous sys contains endolymph and end organs for hearing and balance
Internal ear
66
surrounded by perilymph | -suspended within bony labyrinth
Membranous labirynth
67
Bony labirynth consist of
1. Cochlea 2. Vestibule 3. Semicircular canals
68
Shell like | Contains the cochlear duct
Cochlea
69
apex
Cupula
70
Shelf of bone
Osseous spiral lamina
71
att to osl
Basilar membrane
72
conc w/ auditory perception
Organ of corti
73
opens into vestibule
Scala vestibuli
74
related to tympanic cavity at fenestra cochlea
Scala tympani
75
Oval bony chamberAbout 5 mmContains utricle and saccule, w/c are parts of balancing apparatus
Vestibule
76
Vestibule continuous
1. Anteriorly w/ cochlea | 2. Posteriorly w/ SCC
77
Bony canals w/c open into vestibuleSet at right angles to each other
Semicircular canals
78
Semi circular canal | About 1.5 mm diam except at swelling called
Ampulla
79
Semicircular canals three
AnteriorPosteriorLateral
80
Sacs and ducts in cavities of bony labyrinthFollows the form of bony labyrinth but smallerContains watery fluid, endolymph
Membranous labirynth
81
Membranous labirynth consist of
1] utricle and saccule2] 3 semicircular ducts3] cochlear duct
82
Dilatations | With a specialized area of sensory epithelium,macula
Utricle | Saccule
83
static organs for signaling position of the head in space
Macula
84
in utricle
Macula utriculi
85
in saccule
Macula sacculi
86
Semicircular Ducts Each duct has an extension containing sensory area
Crista ampullaris
87
Hairs of cristae are supplied by primary sensory neurons whose cell bodies are in
Vestibular ganglion
88
Sensors of movement
Crista ampullaris
89
Spiral, blind tube firmly fixed to cochlear canal by spiral ligament
Cochlear duct
90
receptor of auditory stimuli= contains hair cells that respond to vibrations induced in the endolymph by sound waves
Spiral organ of corti
91
Cochlear duct roof
Vestibular membrane
92
Cohclear duct floor
Basilar membrane
93
Bony Memb Sense organ
Cochlea Cochlear ductOrgan of Corti SC canalSC duct Crista terminalis VestibuleUtricle/SacculeMacula
94
Narrow canal Runs laterally for about 1 cm Within petrous part of temporal bone Closed laterally by a thin, perforated plate of bone that separates it from internal ear
Internal acoustic meatus
95
Internal acoustic meatus through his plate pass
CN VII, VIII
96
divides near lateral end of IAM into anterior cochlear portion and posterior vestibular portion
Vestibulocochlear nerve
97
Pathway of sound conduction
``` Auricle External acoustic meatus Tympanic membrane Ossicles [malleus,incus,stapes]Perilymph vibrations Cochlea CN VIII Brain ```
98
Formation of spongy bone around stapes and fenestra vestibuli-May stop movement of base of stapes -Causes deafness
Otosclerosis
99
Inflammation of middle ear -May spread to tegmen tympani -Causes inflammation of meninges
Otitis media
100
Inflammation of external acoustic meatus-Movement of traguscauses pain bec cartilage in it is continuous w/ EAM
Otitis externa
101
Forms a route through which infections pass from nasopharynx to middle ear This tube is blocked by swelling of its mucous membrane Residual air in the tympanic cavity is absorbed into the mucosal blood vessels Lowering of pressure in t.c., retraction of t.m. Hearing reduced
Auditory tube
102
Tympanic muscles have protective action Dampen large vibrations of t.m. from loud noises Paralysis of stapedius[lesion of CN VII] results in excessive hearing Results from uninhibited movement of stapes
Hyperacusia
103
Result fr infection of middle ear | During surgery, ENT shld not injure facial nerve
Mastoiditis
104
Persistent exposure to loud sounds Causes degenerative changes in spiral organat base of cochlea Drill handlers, machine operators, tractor drivers
High tone deafness
105
Injury to ear by an imbalance in pressure between surrounding air and air in middle ear In fliers, divers, parachuters
Otic barotrauma

Anatomy Module 9 (1 decks)

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