Special Senses Test

Question 1

Adipose

Answer 1

supports and cushions (yellow)

Question 2

Optic Nerve

Answer 2

connects to back of eye

Question 3

Sclera

Answer 3

the “white” of the eye

Question 4

Cornea

Answer 4

light enters here

• anterior part of sclera
• window on your world

Question 5

smooth muscle structure

Answer 5

ciliary body and iris

Question 6

Conjunctiva

Answer 6

lines the eyelids and covers outer surface

Question 7

Retina

Answer 7

extends anteriorly only to ciliary body

-tunic containing the rods and cones

Question 8

Pupil

Answer 8

round opening that light passes through

Question 9

Iris

Answer 9

colored part of the eye

Question 10

Ciliary body

Answer 10

contains muscle that controls the shape of the lens

Question 11

Lens

Answer 11

focuses light to the retina

Question 12

Vitreous humor

Answer 12

gel-like substance

posterior to lens

Question 13

Aqueous humor

Answer 13

clear watery fluid

anterior to lens

Question 14

Choroid

Answer 14

middle coat of the eyeball

Question 15

Tapetum lucidum

Answer 15

light reflector at the back of eye

Question 16

Suspensory ligament

Answer 16

holds lens to the ciliary body

Question 17

Blind spot

Answer 17

no photoreceptors, optic nerve is present

Question 18

age, obesity, high blood pressure, smoking, heredity, light eye color

Answer 18

Macular degeneration

Question 19

irregular curvature of the cornea

Answer 19

Astigmatism

Question 20

cloudy spots on the lens, “night vision/halo,” 60% of people over 60

Answer 20

Cataracts

Question 21

detachment from the choroid, aging eye tumors, head traumas

Answer 21

Retinal detachment

Question 22

excessive intraocular pressure

Answer 22

Glaucoma

Question 23

4-8 slits cut into cornea so cornea flattens when it heals

Answer 23

RK- Radial Keratotomy

Question 24

laser assisted in Situ Keratomileusis, cornea shape altered

Answer 24

LASIK

Question 25

External eye muscles (skeletal) | are autonomic/somatic?

Answer 25

somatic

Question 26

Internal eye muscles

Answer 26

ciliary body ---> lens & pupil (autonomic)

Question 27

Outer ear

Answer 27

pinna/auricle & external auditory canal

Question 28

Tympanic membrane (ear drum) function

Answer 28

causes sound waves to vibrate

Question 29

Middle ear

Answer 29

tympanic cavity, a small air filled cavity within the temporal bone

Question 30

3 bones that span the tympanic cavity

Answer 30

``` ossicles => 1. hammer 2. anvil 3. stirrup AKA H.A.S. ```

Question 31

Explain how sound travels from the ear drum to the hearing receptors

Answer 31

Ear drum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window, cochlea, vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 32

Inner ear?

Answer 32

bony labyrinth

Question 33

3 subdivisions of inner ear

Answer 33

cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals

Question 34

Static equilibrium

Answer 34

not moving, at rest, gravity

Question 35

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 35

angular/rotary movement

Question 36

Taste and smell

Answer 36

both use chemoreceptors, chemicals must be in a solution form

Question 37

Smell: | olfactory receptors are in...

Answer 37

the roof of the nasal cavity

Question 38

Taste

Answer 38

gustatory cells/receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in saliva

Question 39

Sweet

Answer 39

sugar

Question 40

Sour

Answer 40

acids

Question 41

Bitter

Answer 41

alkaloids/quinine

Question 42

Salty

Answer 42

metal ions/NaCl

Question 43

Static equilibrium

Answer 43

not moving, at rest, gravity

Question 44

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 44

angular/rotary movement

Question 45

Taste & smell

Answer 45

both use chemoreceptors, chemicals must be in a solution form

Question 46

Smell: | olfactory receptors are in...

Answer 46

the roof of the nasal cavity

Question 47

Taste

Answer 47

gustatory cells/receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in saliva

Question 48

Sweet

Answer 48

sugar

Question 49

Sour

Answer 49

acids

Question 50

Bitter

Answer 50

alkaloids/quinine

Question 51

Salty

Answer 51

metal ions/NaCl

Question 52

Myopia

Answer 52

nearsightedness, concave lens, |)

Question 53

Hyperopic

Answer 53

farsightedness, convex lens, ()

Question 54

distant vision

Answer 54

- ciliary muscle: relaxed - lens convexity: decreased - degree of light refraction: decreases

Question 55

close vision

Answer 55

- ciliary muscle: contracted - lens convexity: increased - degree of light refraction: increased

Question 56

lack of all color receptors results

Answer 56

total color blindess

Question 57

the ability to see intermediate colors results from one cone type is being stimulated

Answer 57

simultaneously

Question 58

refraction

Answer 58

light bending

Question 59

accomodation

Answer 59

ability to focus for close vision

Question 60

emmetropia

Answer 60

normal vision

Question 61

hyperopia

Answer 61

inability to focus well on close objects; farsightedness

Question 62

photopupillary

Answer 62

reflex-constriction of pupils when they are exposed to bright light

Question 63

cataract

Answer 63

cloudinh of the lens, resulting in loss of sight

Question 64

myopia

Answer 64

nearsightedness

Question 65

astigmatism

Answer 65

blurred vision, resulting from unequal curvatures of the lens or cornea

Question 66

glaucoma

Answer 66

condition of increasing pressure inside the eye

Question 67

convergence

Answer 67

medical movement of the eyes during focusing on close objects

Question 68

accomodation pupillary reflex

Answer 68

reflex constriction of the pupils when viewing close objects

Question 69

night blindness

Answer 69

inability to see well in the dark, often a result if vitamin A deficiency

Question 70

convex

Answer 70

produces an image that is upside down and produces a real image

Question 71

farsightedness

Answer 71

light is focused behind the retina and uses convex (converging)

Question 72

nearsightedness

Answer 72

light is focused in front of the retina and uses concave (diverging)

Question 73

canal of schlemm

Answer 73

drains the aqueous humor of the eye

Question 74

choroid coat

Answer 74

vascular tunic of the eye