Specialised cells Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are cells called that are adapted to their function?
Specialised cells
What organisms with lots of different types of cells called?
Multicellular organisms
What are egg and sperm cells specialised for?
Reproduction
What cells combine in sexual reproduction?
Egg cell and sperm cell
What does a fertilised egg develop into?
An embryo
What’s the egg cells function?
To carry the female DNA and feed the developing embryo
What’s the sperm cells function?
To carry the male DNA to the egg
What does haploid mean?
It only has half (23) the number of chromosomes found in a normal body cell
What does diploid mean?
Contains 46 chromosomes, a full set
What’s the role of the speed tail?
To help the sperm swim to the egg
What’s the role of mitochondria in the sperm?
This releases the energy the sperm needs to swim.
What’s the role of the acrosome in the sperm?
It stores enzymes that digest through the membrane of the egg cell
What’s the role of the cytoplasm in the egg cell?
Contains nutrients that feed the embryo
What happens to the cell membrane after fertilisation?
It changes structure. Stops more sperm getting in.
Do sperm and Egg cells have a haploid or diploid nucleus?
Haploid
What are ciliated epithelial cells specialised for?
Moving materials
What do epithelial cells do?
They line the surfaces of organs
What is cilia?
They are tiny hair-like structures that can move substances by beating them along the surface of tissue
What do ciliates epithelial cells do in the lining of the throat?
They help move mucus up to the throat so it can be swallowed
How are sperm cells adapted for swimming?
They have a tail so it can swim to the egg and has lots of mitochondria
