Species Geographical Model of speciation evo

Question 1

Intdogression

Question 2

Steps of a speciation event

Answer 2

1-gene flow between populations is interrupted
2- genetic differences gradually accumulate; populations diverge genetically
3- reproductive isolation evolves

Question 3

Name two types of isolation

Answer 3

geographical and reproductive

Question 4

Name the two types of reproductive isolation

Answer 4

prezygotic and postzygotic

Question 5

prezygotic isolation

Answer 5

speciation before fertilization

Question 6

postzygotic isolation

Answer 6

speciation after fertilization

Question 7

Name types of prezygotic isolation

Answer 7

ecological
seasonal
ethlogical
physiological
mechanical
gametic mortality

Question 8

Name types of postzygotic isolation

Answer 8

cytological
zygotic mortality
hybrid inviability
hybrid sterility
hybrid breakdown

Question 9

Name the four speciation models

Answer 9

allopatry
peripatry
parapatry
sympatry

Question 10

allopatric speciation (by vicariance)

Answer 10

physical barrier blocks gene flow

even if barrier “disapears,” reproductive isolation has occurred and separated groups cannot become one again

Question 11

peripatry

Answer 11

Peripatric speciation is a mode of speciation where a new species evolves from a small, isolated peripheral population that has broken off from a larger population.

Question 12

parapatry

Answer 12

Parapatric speciation is a mode of speciation that occurs when populations are geographically continuous but do not mate randomly. Instead, individuals are more likely to mate with their geographic neighbors, leading to reproductive isolation despite the lack of a specific barrier to gene flow.

Question 13

sympatry

Answer 13

Closely related species that occupy the same geographic area and encounter one another, yet do not interbreed.
A type of speciation that can occur from a single species without geographical isolation as a requirement.