Specific urinary conditions

Question 1

What pathogen is the most common cause of bacterial cystitis in horses?

Answer 1

Corynebactrium spp

Question 2

What antibiotics can be used for bacterial cystitis in horses?

Answer 2

TMPS
Cephalosporins
Penicillins

Question 3

What renal neoplasia is most common in horses?

Answer 3

Carcinomas

Question 4

What myopathy can cause myoglobinuria?

Answer 4

Exertional rhabdomyolysis

Question 5

How does the USG of urine compare to blood plasma in renal failure?

Answer 5

Isosthenuria

Same as plasma

Question 6

How are potassium, phosphate and calcium affected in renal failure?

Answer 6

Hyperkalaemia
Hypercalcaemia
Hypophopshataemia

Question 7

What diuretics can be given to treat acute renal failure in horses that are oliguric?

Answer 7

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic)

Furosemide (loop diuretic)

Question 8

Give two conditions that can cause uroperitoneum in foals

Answer 8

Ruptured bladder

Patent urachus

Question 9

How are ruptured bladders or patent urachus diagnosed?

Answer 9

Ultrasound
Abdominocentesis (uroperitoneum)

Question 10

What is the treatment for patent urachus?

Answer 10

Stabilise first
Long term, blood spectrum antibiotic
Surgery to close urachus if not closed after 7 days of medical treatment
(Medical - peritoneal drainage
Dextrose and insulin to promote potassium to move into cells)