Specimen Collection

Question 1

Refers to the process of obtaining a sample of blood from an individual for diagnostic, screening, or therapeutic purposes.

Answer 1

Blood collection

Question 2

What are the three types of blood collection methods?

Answer 2

Venipuncture
Capillary puncture
Arterial puncture

Question 3

Correct specimen collection include

Answer 3

Proper Labeling: Patient’s Full Name, Hospital Identification Number, Location, Time and Date, and the initials of the phlebotomist

Question 4

In venipuncture, the ideal procedure is to have the patient?

Answer 4

Lie down or if not possible, the patient should sit in a sturdy, comfortable chair and not on high stools

Question 5

It is the ideal site for puncture.

Answer 5

Antecubital fossa

Question 6

The two anatomical vein patterns are the

Answer 6

H- Pattern and M-Pattern

Question 7

H-Pattern vein include

Answer 7

Median cubital vein, Cephalic vein, and Basilic vein

Question 8

M-Pattern vein include

Answer 8

Median vein, Accessory cephalic vein, Basilic vein

Question 9

The angle between skin and needle should be

Answer 9

Less than 30 degrees

Question 10

Tourniquet Application should be

Answer 10

Less than 1 minute

Question 11

These are the possible
effects of prolonged tourniquet application

Answer 11

Hemoconcentration, Hemolysis, and Shortened Coagulation Time (PT/APTT)

Question 12

Application of the tourniquet must be _____ above the puncture site

Answer 12

3-4 inches or 7-10 cm

Question 13

The most common needle size for an adult is?

Answer 13

21 gauge (1 inch long) needle

Question 14

Phlebotomist must never puncture the patient _____

Answer 14

twice

Question 15

This is a condition in which venous flow is slowed

Answer 15

Stasis

Question 16

Causes of specimen hemolysis in venipuncture

Answer 16

Prolonged tourniquet application
Moisture or contamination of blood collecting tubes.
Needle with small bores.
Excessive agitation.
Frothing of the blood sample

Question 17

Cite the order of Draw (Venipuncture)

Answer 17

1. Blood- culture tubes (yellow)
2. Coagulation sodium citrate tube (blue topper)
3. Serum tubes with or without clot activator or gel separator
4. Heparin tubes with our without gel (green stopper)
5. Etylenediaminetetraactetic acid tubes (lavender stopper)
6. Glycolytic inhibitor (gray stopper)

Question 18

Number of inversions of the serum tube red top (plastic, clot-activator)

Answer 18

5

Question 19

Number of inversions of the serum tube red top (Glass, Non-Additive)

Answer 19

0

Question 20

The color of the top of this tube is gray

Answer 20

Sodium fluoride tube

Question 21

The color of the stopper of this tube is pink

Answer 21

EDTA tube

Question 22

The color of the stopper of this tube is light blue

Answer 22

Citrated tube or Sodium Citrate

Question 23

How many percent of sodium citrate does a citrated tube contain?

Answer 23

3.2%

Question 24

It prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin and thromboplastin

Answer 24

Sodium or lithium heparin

Question 25

It inhibits glycolysis

Answer 25

Fluoride

Question 26

This additive in the gray tube prevents clotting by precipitating calcium

Answer 26

Oxalate

Question 27

Other additives that prevents clotting by binding calcium

Answer 27

Sodium citrate and potassium EDTA

Question 28

Used in stat and routine chemistry

Answer 28

Green (Heparin) tubes

Question 29

Used in hematology and blood bank

Answer 29

Lavender or pink (EDTA) tubes

Question 30

Used for coagulation

Answer 30

Light-blue (sodium citrate) tubes

Question 31

Used for blood gas

Answer 31

Green (Heparin) tubes

Question 32

Used for testing blood alcohol and lactic acid

Answer 32

Gray (Sodium fluoride) tubes

Question 33

Capillary puncture is done if the patient is:

Answer 33

Infants less than 1 year old. Severely burned patients. Patients whose veins are reserved for therapeutic purposes. Extremely obese patients. Adult with poor veins.

Question 34

Order of Draw (Capillary puncture)

Answer 34

Tube for blood gas analysis Slides EDTA Microcollection Tube Other Microcollection Tubes with anticoagulants Serum Microcollection Tube

Question 35

Depth of skin puncture for adults

Answer 35

2.0-2.5 mm

Question 36

Depth of skin puncture for infants

Answer 36

<2.0 mm

Question 37

Sites to be avoided when drawing blood

Answer 37

Hematoma Burned, damaged, occluded veins Intravenous catheter (IV line) Edema Post Mastectomy Side Skin with Tattoo

Question 38

It is the most common complication encountered during venipuncture

Answer 38

Ecchymosis (Bruise)

Question 39

Leakage of large amount of blood

Answer 39

Hematoma

Question 40

Short lapse in consciousness

Answer 40

Fainting (Syncope)

Question 41

Prolonged tourniquet application

Answer 41

Hemoconcentration

Question 42

Leakage of small amount of blood

Answer 42

Ecchymosis (Bruise)

Question 43

How many minutes should you wait before reapplying the tourniquet

Answer 43

2 minutes

Question 44

What should you remember when drawing blood from a person with an IV line?

Answer 44

Draw on the opposite side of the IV Stop IV for 2 minutes Discard first 5-ml of blood

Question 45

An alternative tourniquet for patients that are obese

Answer 45

BP Cuff. Must not be more than 40 mmHg and 1 minute

Question 46

Tiny spots of bleeding under the skin or in the mucous membranes

Answer 46

Petechiae

Question 47

A condition in which a person develops anemia due to medical interventions, most frequently repeated blood draws.

Answer 47

Iatrogenic anemia