specimen collection (venipuncture)

Question 1

deoxygenated blood with a dark red color

Answer 1

Venous blood

Question 2

oxygenated with bright red color

Answer 2

Arterial blood

Question 3

PUNCTURE SITES

Answer 3

• Antecubital fossa region
• Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands
• Vein on the ankle

Question 4

Basilic, cephalic, median cubital

Answer 4

Antecubital fossa region

Question 5

• not ideal for diabetic patients or patients with poor circulation

Answer 5

Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands

Question 6

Best site for venipuncture, largest,
best anchored, and less moveable

Answer 6

Median cubital vein

Question 7

Most commonly used vein if the patient is obese

Answer 7

Cephalic vein

Question 8

• Considered as the least for venipuncture within the antecubital fossa region because it is near the brachial artery and nerves
• Puncturing the nerve could result to a certain condition to the patient

Answer 8

Basilic vein

Question 9

Not recommended with diabetic patients

Answer 9

Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands

Question 10

Least choice just in case the veins in the
arms, wrist, and dorsal aspect of the hand
is not suitable/available

Answer 10

Vein on the ankle

Question 11

Sites (in Newborns)

Answer 11

a. Scalp
b. Popliteal
c. Jugular
d. Dorsal of the hand

Question 12

a. IV lines in both arms
b. Areas with Hematoma
c. Burned or scarred areas
d. Thrombosed veins
e. Edematous arms
f. Partial/Radial mastectomy
g. With AV shunt or fistula
h. Cast (s) on arm (s)

Answer 12

SITES TO BE AVOIDED

Question 13

Can cause lymphangitis and lymphostasis wherein there is blockage of the normal lymph node drainage

Answer 13

Partial/Radial mastectomy

Question 14

removal of the breast

o If right breast is removed, perform puncture on the left arm and vice versa
o If both breasts are removed, perform the puncture on the opposite side of the arm in which the first procedure was performed
o If mastectomy is still within 6 months after procedure, perform the puncture on the hand or ankle

Answer 14

Mastectomy

Question 15

AV- arteriovenous; common in kidney patients; product of anastomosis of the vein and the arteryvein and artery will be connected so the blood will flow from there serving as a vascular access site for
hemodialysis patients

Answer 15

With AV shunt or fistula

Question 16

The major veins for venipuncture are in the ____

Answer 16

antecubital fossa

Question 17

• At the center of antecubital fossa
• First choice for venipuncture

Answer 17

MCV H-PATTERN

Question 18

• Lateral
• Second-choice in H-pattern
• Often hard to palpate
• Obese patients

Answer 18

Cephalic Vein H-PATTERN

Question 19

• Medial of antecubital fossa
• Not well anchored, rolls easily
• Accidentally puncture the brachial artery and the median cutaneous nerve branch

Answer 19

Basilic vein H-PATTERN

Question 20

o Located at the very center
o First choice in M - pattern
o Safe to puncture

Answer 20

Median Vein
- M-pattern

Question 21

Venipuncture can be performed by means of 3 different methods

Answer 21

• syringe method
• butterfly infusion method
• Vacutainer/ETS method

Question 22

Protect as to the one performing the venipuncture

Answer 22

Gloves

Question 23

disposable; discard after each use
- Winged infusion set
- Multi- sample needle
- Hypodermic needle with different
colors according to hub size

Answer 23

needles

Question 24

• Gloves
• Needles
• Hub/Tube holder/ needle adapter
• Evacuated tubes
• Antiseptic
• Syringes
• Bandages/tapes
• Gauze sponges/cotton
• Tourniquet
• Sharp container
• Requisition form

Answer 24

Equipment Necessary to Perform a Venipuncture

Question 25

- has different stopper colors depending on the additive inside

Answer 25

Evacuated tubes

Question 26

Alcohol wipes/ Alcohol Pad/ Wet Cotton/ Povidone Iodine (usually in blood culture)

Answer 26

Antiseptic

Question 27

different capacity rangers from 1mL to 60 mL; in blood collection, 10 mL is already a lot

Answer 27

Syringes

Question 28

usually surgical tape (the white one; micropore)

Answer 28

Bandages/Tape

Question 29

venipuncture cannot be performed without a request form; to know how much blood is to be withdrawn and for what purpose

Answer 29

Requisition form

Question 30

* Single sample needle o Used in one patient only then discard * Sterile and disposable * “The larger the gauge number, the smaller the needle bore and length.”

Answer 30

Needles

Question 31

gauge commonly used for venipuncture.

Answer 31

20-21 gauge

Question 32

gauge used for blood collection (more of the 21)

Answer 32

21-22

Question 33

gauge for children

Answer 33

23 gauge

Question 34

gauge used for butterfly infusion set

Answer 34

21-23, 25 gauge

Question 35

in collecting 30-50 mL of blood

Answer 35

18 gauge

Question 36

yellow gauge

Answer 36

20

Question 37

green gauge

Answer 37

21

Question 38

black gauge

Answer 38

22

Question 38

blue gauge

Answer 38

23

Question 39

orange gauge

Answer 39

25

Question 40

brown gauge

Answer 40

26

Question 41

Needle length * Standard but still depends on the gauge

Answer 41

1 or 1.5 inch

Question 42

butterfly needle length

Answer 42

½ to ¾ inches

Question 43

Parts of the Syringe:

Answer 43

- Graduated barrel - Plunger - Transfer device

Question 44

contains the measurement of the volume of the blood depending on its capacity (1mL- 60mL; in chemistry, 10mL will suffice)

Answer 44

Graduated barrel

Question 45

attached to the nozzle of the syringe and it has a needle with a rubber cover. The rubber cover will retract once you insert the evacuated tube. Evacuated tube has vacuum inside so even though the plunger is not pushed, the blood will freely flow inside the tube. o Safer compared to uncapping method. o However, NOT PRACTICAL. You have to use different transfer device from one patient to another

Answer 45

Transfer device

Question 46

o Short needle with a thin tube with attached plastic wings * The thin tube present with the set has different lengths. o Used for infants and children and patients with fragile veins o Could be connected to syringe or evacuated tubes * Through the use of leur adapter

Answer 46

Winged Infusion Sets