Speech Perception Flashcards
Many children with SSD also have difficulties with __________.
Speech perception; the problem is not with the ear (hearing mechanism is intact; they can here the sounds) but they may have difficulty perceiving or making sense of what they hear.
_______ input and speech __________ may also affect speech ________.
- Visual input and speech production may also affect speech perception.
- McGurk effect: listen to /ba/, see the articulating movements of the mouth for syllable /ga/, and then you perceive the syllable /da/.
- SSD children perform similarly to controls
Motor theory of speech perception: speech __________ also influences speech __________.
- production; perception.
- no clear/consistent acoustic cues (what you hear) for perceiving speech–we perceive speech based on intended motor gestures of the vocal tract.
- 3 m.o. babies activate auditory and motor areas when listening to speech (mirror neurons)
Phonological Planning: Phoneme Selection & Sequencing
- Selecting & sequencing the right combination of phonemes for words in keeping with the phonotactic constraints of the language
- children with inconsistent speech disorder find that challenging (no robust plan).
Speech production is…
when we say the word “cat”, we retrieve our phonological representations for that word from our memory & compile a phonological plan which will be transformed into a motor plan which will be programmed and executed.
Motor planning of speech perception is… Forming a ________ of _________ to say a word by outlining _________ _________.
Motor planning of speech perception is… Forming a strategy of actions to say a word by outlining motor goals.
Motor plan is __________ not motor-specific.
articulator-specific
Motor plans have also been described as gesture scores:
instructions about what and when specific articulators are to be used
Children with _______ have difficulty with _____ _________.
CAS; motor planning
motor programming
specifies what muscles will be needed to move, when, and how, with respect to Spatio-temporal and force parameters (muscle tone, speed, direction, range of motion, etc.)
-Children with CAS/Children with Dysarthria
motor execution
- physical production/execution of the programmed movements.
- children with dysarthria
Psycholinguistic features
perception (input) —> storage —> production (output)
-suggests a single representation —> lexical representation (phonological, semantic, motor)
Levelt’s model for speech production
-Each component receives a certain kind of input & produces a certain kind of output; the output of one component may be the input for another
Basic stages of speech production (Levelt’s model)
conceptualization —> formulation —> phonetic encoding —> articulation —> monitoring
Basic stages of speech production (Levelt’s model–Formulation)
lemma selection, grammatical encoding, phonological encoding after accessing phonological forms
