Spiegel up to Dissociation Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the most common anxiety disorder?
Specific phobia is the most common anxiety disorder.
What characterizes panic disorder?
Panic disorder is recurrent attacks followed by more than one month of persistent concern about having more attacks.
What neurotransmitters are associated with decreased aggression?
Serotonin, norepinephrine (NE), and GABA are associated with decreased aggression.
What neurotransmitter is associated with increased aggression?
Dopamine (DA) is associated with increased aggression.
What is the role of glutamate in relation to GABA?
Glutamate is a precursor to GABA and is excitatory.
What neurotransmitters are associated with anxiety?
Norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5HT), and GABA are associated with anxiety.
What happens with medial frontal lobe damage?
Medial frontal lobe damage leads to apathy syndrome.
What is the effect of left prefrontal cortex damage?
Left prefrontal cortex damage leads to depression.
What is the effect of right prefrontal cortex damage?
Right prefrontal cortex damage leads to euphoria.
What mediates the effect of opioids?
The locus ceruleus mediates the effect of opioids.
Where is norepinephrine (NE) produced?
Norepinephrine is made in the locus ceruleus.
Where is dopamine (DA) produced?
Dopamine is made in the substantia nigra.
Where is serotonin produced?
Serotonin is made in the raphe nuclei.
What receptor is associated with weight gain and sedation?
H1 receptor is associated with weight gain and sedation.
What receptor is associated with constipation and dry mouth?
M1 receptor is associated with constipation, dry mouth, and blurry vision.
What receptor is associated with dizziness and decreased blood pressure?
Alpha 1 receptor is associated with dizziness and decreased blood pressure.
What is the role of the NMDA receptor?
NMDA receptor plays a role in learning and memory.
What is cyclothymic disorder?
Cyclothymic disorder involves hypomanic and depressive symptoms for at least 2 years that do not meet criteria for bipolar and MDD.
What characterizes bipolar II disorder?
Bipolar II disorder includes at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode.
What is the most common presentation of depression in children?
Children who are depressed often present with irritability instead of depressed mood.
What is seasonal affective disorder?
Seasonal affective disorder is depression that sets in during the fall and winter, often associated with hypersomnia and hyperphagia.
What is the duration of grief?
Grief typically lasts about 6 months to 1 year.
What is the cultural phenomenon ‘Amok’?
Amok is a sudden rampage of homicide or suicide, which ends in exhaustion and amnesia.
What is the role of TMS in treatment?
TMS causes depolarization or hyperpolarization in the neurons of the brain, targeting the left prefrontal cortex.
