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Anatomy > Spinal Cord Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the spinal cord

A

conduction
neural integration
locomotion

reflexes. (Involuntary responsees)

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2
Q

neural integration

A

When Spinal neurons receive information then,integrate them and execute

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3
Q

Reflexes?

A

Involuntary responses to stimuli

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4
Q

What 2 areas of the spinal cord are thicker than average

A

Cervical enlargement=nerves to the upper limb

Lumbar enlargement= nerves to pelvic region and lower limbs

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5
Q

Medullary cone

A

Where the spinal Cord tapers to a point inferior to lumbar enlargement

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6
Q

Cauda equima

A

Bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5

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7
Q

Spinal tap?

A

Is performed between L4 and L5 because the spinal cord ends around L1 L2 so no nerve damage happens

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8
Q

Ganglion?

A

Cluster of neuron cell bodies found in the voluntary and autonomic branches of the (PNS).

carry nerve signals to and from the central nervous system

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9
Q

Nucleus

A

Cluster of Neuron cell bodies in the CNS

Grey matter

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10
Q

Nerves

A

made of axons and found in the PNS

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11
Q

Tracts

A

Bundles of nerve fibers (axon’s) in the CNS

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12
Q

The 3 meninges

A

Pia mater (inside spinal chord)

Arachnoid ( middle layer)

Dura (outerlayer)

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13
Q

Dorsal

A

Sensory

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14
Q

Ventral

A

Motor

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15
Q

Accending tracts

A

Carry sensory info up the spinal cord to the brain

Include afferent nuerons

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16
Q

Descending tracts

A

Carry motor signals down the spinal cord to the body

Include efferent neurons

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17
Q

Wrappings for spinal nerves

A

Nerves wrapped by epinerium

Fasicicles wrapped by perinereum

nerve fibers (axon)wrapped by endonereum

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18
Q

Terminal filum

A

Anchors the Spinal chord to the coccyx

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19
Q

Anterior ventral root

A

Composed of 6-8 nerve rootlets

Motor

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20
Q

Endonurium

A

Surround each axon

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21
Q

Perineurium

A

Around each fasical

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22
Q

Epineurium

A

Around each nerve

23
Q

The epithalmus

A

Composed mainly of the penial gland

24
Q

5 lobes of the cerebrum

A 
Frontal 
temporal 
Parietal 
Occipital 
Insula
25
Q

Insula

A 
Plays role in 
taste 
Pain
Visceral sensation
Consciousness 
Cardiovascular homeostasis
26
Q

Projection tracts

A

Carry information between the cerebrum and the rest of the body

27
Q

What are tracts

A

Nural pathways located in the brain and spinal cord

28
Q

Hippocampus

A

Organizes sensory and cognitive experiences into unified long term memory.

Helps with the formation of long term memory

29
Q

Sympathetic division

A

Causes fight or flight reaction

Preps the body for physical activity

30
Q

Parasympathetic division

A

Resting and digesting state

Causes calming effect in the body.

31
Q

Preganglionic

A

A neuron that conducts signals from the CNS to a ganglion

32
Q

Postganglionic

A

A nuron that conducts signals from a ganglion to a more distal target organ

33
Q

Where do the parasympathetic nerve fibers arise from

A

The brain and sacral region of the spinal chord

34
Q

Where do the sympathetic division nerve fibers arise from

A

The thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal chord

35
Q

What cranial nerves do parasympathetic fibers leave from

A

Oculomotor nerve (3)

Facial nerve (7)

Glossopharyngeal nerve (9)

Vagus nerve (10)

36
Q

Viceral reflexes

A

Automatic

Unconscious

37
Q

What nervous system transmits only exitatory signals to effector cells

A

The somatic nervous system

38
Q

Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic pre ganglionic fibers located in the spinal cord

A

the lateral greyhorn

39
Q

What nervous system has 2 nerve fibers connecting the CNS to an effector

A

The autonomic

40
Q

What are the 2 parts of the adrenal gland

A

Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla

41
Q

Where are the ganglia of the sympathetic division located

A

Near the spinal column

42
Q

The ganglia of the parasympathetic division is located where

A

Near or within the target Oregon

43
Q

What nerve fibers should create Norepinephrine

A

Postganglionic nerve fibers of the sympathetic division.

44
Q

What are the effects of the sympathetic division on the circulatory system

A

increased heart rate
vassoconstriction of visceral blood vessels
vasso constriction of blood vessels in the skin
increased blood clotting

45
Q

What is the major control center of the visceral motor system

A

Is the hypothalamus

46
Q

Blood brain barrier is made of

A

Capillary endothelial cells

47
Q

What maintains your equalibrium

A

The cerebellum

48
Q

Bundle of nerves inferior to meduliary cone

A

Cauda equina

49
Q

Region of spinal chord supplied by a pair of spinal nerves

A

A segment

50
Q

Which horns of the spinal cord contain cell bodies of outgoing somatic neurons

A

Anterior horn

51
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Is Voluntary part of peripheral nervous system.

Controls skeletal muscles

52
Q

Site of synaptic integration in spinal cord

A

Grey matter

53
Q

What are the nerve plexuses regions of the body

A

Cervical
Brachial
Lumbar
Sacral

Anatomy (6 decks)

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