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Unit 14 > Spinal vertebrae and levels + SB powerpoint > Flashcards

Spinal vertebrae and levels + SB powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

C2-C7

A

Add one level to get nerve segment level

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2
Q

T1-T6

A

Add 2 levels to get nerve segment level

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3
Q

T7-T9

A

Add 3 levels to get nerve segment level

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4
Q

T10-T12

A

Have the entire lumbar nerve segments

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5
Q

L1

A

sacral and coccygeal nerve segments

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6
Q

L2+

A

cauda equina

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7
Q

Any lesion below L2 is going to give you what?

A

LMN sx

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8
Q

Initiation of walking comes from?

A

MLR: mesencephalic locomotor region

This is supraspinal control

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9
Q

MLR is what kind of control for the initiation of walking?

A

supraspinal

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10
Q

Unexpected slip probably modulated by what?

A

CB

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11
Q

Seeing theres an obstacle probably modulated by what

A

visual cortex via motor and premotor cortex

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12
Q

what are “half centers”

A

same leg flexors vs. extensor activation

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13
Q

What is critical for timing and amplitude of stepping

A

sensory input

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14
Q

What is necessary for initiation and adaptive control of stepping?

A

Descending pathways/supraspinal

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15
Q

CPG allowing reciprocal activation of the two limbs and modulation by afferent signals but this is not walking! Walking requires what kind of centers?

A

higher level centers

MLR which activates the spinal locomotor system

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16
Q

From SCI perspective all you need is some input from _____ and spinal _____ to get you walking. It won’t look perfect but it’ll happen

A

input from the SUPRASPINAL CENTERS and

SPINAL LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM

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17
Q

Arm swing comes from what kind of networks?

A

Propriospinal where different enlargements can communicate

18
Q

L1-L5 is _____ propriospinal network

A

short

19
Q

Cervical to lumbar is _____ propriospinal network

A

long

20
Q

Why is arm swing important on the treadmill?

A

increase the efficacy of propriospinal networks.

21
Q

cervical enlargement: ____ control

Lumbar enlargement _____ control

A

Cervical: forelimb

Lumbar: hindlimb

22
Q

What do you want to make sure you do after treadmill training?

A

OVERGROUND!

23
Q

High intensity stepping may provide opportunities for recovery through SC, CPG, cortex and propriospinal networks

A

This is recovery based!

24
Q

SC has the basic circuitry for ____

A

reciprocal limb action

25
Q

Can CPG’s be activated w/o snesory input?

A

yes

26
Q

Can CPG’s be activated w/o sensory input/?

What does sensory input give us?

A

Yes

Modulates timing and amplitude of stance and swing

27
Q

Where are the three places suprapspinal control is distributed?

Two main jobs?

A

cortex, midbrain, proprospinal pathways

Two jobs: initiate locomotion, modulate motion in case there is an error or obstacle.

28
Q

Supraspinal control is in charge of what?

A

modulation, initiate locomotion

29
Q

If children are not ambulatory by ____ years it is probably not happening

A

5 years

30
Q

Clubfeet is a common deformity for what spinal level?

A

L3 and L4 because you have some DF but no PF (antagonist muscle)

31
Q

Cavovarus feet or claw toes common in what spinal level?

A

Sacral level: they have DF and PF and are spending time on feet but no intrinsic muscles

32
Q

What vertebral level would you think someone has a better chance to ambulate?

Why?

A

L3 because they have antigravity quads

Above this they would need a lot more bracing

33
Q

Retention of walking into adulthood is highest in what vertebral level?

A

sacral!

Lumbar is less and thoracic is less. As you have a higher injury the liklihood decreases

34
Q

Non-myelominingocele and myelomeningocele sacral level are generally _____ ______’s?

A

Community ambulators

35
Q

is it more likely to see young community ambulators or adult?

A

young, as people age it becomes less likely

36
Q

Are there benefits to early walking vs. wc use?

A

YES

less fractures, fewer pressure sores, increased independence, improved transfers

37
Q

Thoracic or L1-2 what kind of bracing and AD use are you looking at?

A

THKAFO’s

HKAFOS

WC

38
Q

L3 what kind of bracing and AD are you thinkin?

A

KAFOS or solid AFO’s, anterior walker and potential to progress to forearm crutches

39
Q

L4 what kind of bracing and AD are you thinking?

A

solid AFO’s

Encourage lofstrands as appropriate

40
Q

L5 what kind of bracing and AD are you thinking?

A

may not need bracing

41
Q

Sacral level bracing?

A

not needed, maybe insole

Unit 14 (6 decks)

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