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Spine Flashcards

1
Q

External Oblique Origin

A

Ribs 5-12

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2
Q

External Oblique Insertion

A

Pubic tubercle, Iliac crest, and Linea alba

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3
Q

External Oblique Innervation

A

Anterior rami nerves

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4
Q

External Oblique Action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and contralaterally rotates trunk

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5
Q

Internal Oblique Origin

A

Iliac crest, Thoracolumbar fascia

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6
Q

Internal Oblique Insertion

A

Ribs 10-12, Linea alba, Pecten pubis

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7
Q

Internal Oblique Innervation

A

Anterior Rami

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8
Q

Internal Oblique Action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and ipsilaterally rotates trunk

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9
Q

Transverse Abdominis Origin

A

Costal Cartilage 7-12, Iliac crest, Thoracolumbar fascia

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10
Q

Transverse Abdominis Insertion

A

Linea alba, Pecten pubis and Pubic crest

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11
Q

Transverse Abdominis Innervation

A

Anterior Rami

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12
Q

Transverse Abdominis Action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera

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13
Q

Rectus Abdominis Origin

A

Pubic crest and pubic symphysis

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14
Q

Rectus Abdominis Insertion

A

Costal cartridges 5-7 and xiphoid process of sternum

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15
Q

Rectus Abdominis Innervation

A

Anterior Rami

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16
Q

Rectus Abdominis Action

A

Flexes trunk, compresses abdominal viscera and stabilizes tilt of pelvis

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17
Q

Levatores Costarum Origin

A

Transverse processes of cervical and thoracic

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18
Q

Levatores Costarum Insertion

A

Subjacent ribs

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19
Q

Levatores Costarum Action

A

Elevate ribs, assists with respiration and lateral flexion of vertebral column

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20
Q

Levatores Costarum Innervation

A

Posterior Rami

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21
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Origin

A

12th rib and transverse processes Lumbar spine

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22
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Insertion

A

Iliac crest and Iliolumbar ligament

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23
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Innervation

A

Anterior Rami

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24
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Action

A

Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column, fixes 12th rib during inspiration

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25
Psoas Major Origin
Transverse processes, sides of bodies and intervening intervertebral disc in lumbar spine
26
Psoas Major Insertion
Lesser trochanter of Femur
27
Psoas Major Innervation
Anterior Rami
28
Psoas Major Action
Acting with iliacus, flexes hip and trunk; flexes vertebral column laterally; used to balance trunk in sitting position
29
SCM Origin
Manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle
30
SCM Insertion
Mastoid Process and Lateral Nuchal Line
31
SCM Innervation
Accessory Nerve (CN 11)
32
SCM Action
Bilaterally: flexes head at lower cervical vertebrae, flexes at upper cervical vertebrae, elevates thorax for respiration, Unilaterally: turns face toward opposite side, tilts head to same side
33
Anterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes C3-C6
34
Anterior Scalene Insertion
Scalene tubercle on 1st rib
35
Anterior Scalene Innervation
Anterior Rami
36
Anterior Scalene Action
Elevates 1st rib and flexes head laterally bends to same side
37
Middle Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of C5-C7
38
Middle Scalene Insertion
1st rib and subclavian groove of the clavicle
39
Middle Scalene Innervation
Anterior Rami
40
Middle Scalene Action
Elevates 1st rib and flexes head laterally bends to same side
41
Posterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes C5-C7
42
Posterior Scalene Insertion
2nd Rib
43
Posterior Scalene Innervation
Anterior Rami
44
Posterior Scalene Action
Elevates 2nd rib and flexes head laterally bends to same side
45
Trapezius Origin
Spinous processes of C7-T12, Nuchal ligament and External occipital protuberance
46
Trapezius Insertion
Lateral Clavicle, Acromion and Spine of the Scapula
47
Trapezius Innervation
Accessory Nerve (CN11)
48
Trapezius Action
Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; Lower fibers depress scapula
49
Levator Scapulae Origin
Transverse processes C2-C6
50
Levator Scapulae Insertion
Medial border of Scapula
51
Levator Scapulae Innervation
Anterior Rami and Dorsal Scapular Nerve
52
Levator Scapulae Action
Downward rotation of scapula
53
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Origin
Spinous process of Axis (C2)
54
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Insertion
Inferior Nuchal line
55
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve
56
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Action
Extends and rotates head to same side
57
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Origin
Posterior tubercle of Atlas (C1)
58
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Insertion
Inferior nuchal line
59
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve
60
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Action
Extends head
61
Obliquus Capitis Superior Origin
Transverse process of Atlas (C1)
62
Obliquus Capitis Superior Insertion
Occipital bone
63
Obliquus Capitis Superior Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve
64
Obliquus Capitis Superior Action
Extends and bends head laterally
65
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Origin
SP of Atlas (C2)
66
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Insertion
Transverse process of Axis (C1)
67
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve
68
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Action
Rotates atlas to turn face to same side
69
Iliocostalis Origin
Iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac and supraspinous ligament, and sacral and lumbar spinous processes
70
Longissimus Origin
Iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac and supraspinous ligament, and sacral and lumbar spinous processes
71
Spinalis Origin
Iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac and supraspinous ligament, and sacral and lumbar spinous processes
72
Iliocostalis Insertion
Lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
73
Longissimus Insertion
ribs in thoracic and cervical regions, and mastoid process
74
Spinalis Insertion
Spinous processes in thoracic region, and to cranium
75
Iliocostalis Innervation
Posterior Rami
76
Longissimus Innervation
Posterior Rami
77
Spinalis Innervation
Posterior Rami
78
Iliocostalis Action
Acting Bilaterally: extends vertebral column and head and eccentrically controls movement while back is flexed Acting unilaterally: Laterally flexes vertebral column
79
Longissimus Action
Acting Bilaterally: extends vertebral column and head and eccentrically controls movement while back is flexed Acting unilaterally: Laterally flexes vertebral column
80
Spinalis Action
Acting Bilaterally: extends vertebral column and head and eccentrically controls movement while back is flexed Acting unilaterally: Laterally flexes vertebral column
81
Semispinalis Origin
Transverse processes of C4-T12
82
Semispinalis Insertion
Spinous processes in thoracic and cervical regions, occipital bone (4-6 segments)
83
Semispinalis Innervation
Posterior Rami
84
Semispinalis Action
Extends head in thoracic and cervical regions, rotates head contralaterally (mostly cervical)
85
Multifidus Origin
Posterior sacrum, PSIS, aponeurosis, sacro-iliac ligament, transverse processes of the thoracic and lumbar spine
86
Multifidus Insertion
Spinous processes (Thickest in lumbar region) Spans 2-4 segments
87
Multifidus Innervation
Posterior Rami
88
Multifidus Action
Stabilizes vertebrae during movement (mostly lumbar)
89
Rotatores Origin
Transverse processes of vertebrae
90
Rotatores Action
Stabilize vertebrae and assists with extension and rotatory movement of vertebral column (mostly thoracic)
91
Rotatores Innervation
Posterior Rami
92
Rotatores Insertion
Transverse or spinous processes of spine
93
What muscles make up the pelvic floor?
Coccygenus Puborectalis (Levator Ani) Pubococcygeus (Levator Ani) Iliococcygeus (Levator Ani)
94
Pelvic Floor Action
Supports pelvic viscera and prevents incontinence
95
What three muscles make up the Levator Ani
Puborectalis Pubococcygeus Iliococcygeus
96
What ligaments help stabilize the SIJ?
Posterior and anterior SI ligaments Sacrotuberous ligament Sacrospinal ligament
97
What issue is associated with the suboccipital triangle?
Headaches
98
Longus Colli Origin
Transverse processes of C5-T3
99
Longus Colli Insertion
Anterior tubercle of C1, C1-C3 vertebral bodies, C3-C6 transverse processes
100
Longus Colli Innervation
Anterior Rami
101
Longus Colli Action
Bilateral: Flexes neck Unilateral: Contralateral rotation (Reason for cervical coupling)
102
Suprahyoid Muscles
Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid, Digastric and Stylohyoid My Guy Dan Safford
103
Infrahyoid Muscles
Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid TOSS
104
Suprahyoid Action
Raises hyoids for swallowing and supports the mouth
105
Infrahyoid Action
Depresses hyoid for swallowing
106
What are the three segmental muscles of the spine?
Interspinale, Intertransversarii and Levatores costarum
107
Longus Capitus Origin
Transverse processes of C3-C6
108
Longus Capitus Insertion
Basilar part of occipital
109
Longus Capitus Innervation
Anterior Rami
110
Longus Capitus Action
Flexes head
111
Longus Capitus Action
Flexes head
112
What are the borders of the Suboccipital triangle?
Rectus capitis posterior major, obliques wapitis superior and inferior (2 OBLIgerent CAPtains and a MAJOR)
113
What is within the subocciptal triangle?
Vertebral artery, subocciptal nerve and posterior arch of C1
114
What is below the subocciptal triangle?
Greater occipital nerve (associated with headaches)
115
What muscles make up the erector spinae group?
Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and spinalis (I love spaghetti)
116
What muscles make up the transversospinalis group?
Semispinalis, Rotatores and Multifidus
117
Name the abdominal muscles from Superficial to deep
Rectus Abdominis, External oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis
118
What fiber orientation does the internal and external oblique have?
Internal go towards the heart (up and back), and external goes toward groin (down and forward)
119
What is located in the 4 Quadrants?
LUQ: spleen/stomach LLQ: descending colon RUQ: galbladder/liver RLQ: appendix
120
What are the level facet orientations and what motion do they allow?
C1/C2: 90ish, rotation Cervical: 45ish, flex/ext and rotation Thoracic: 180ish, side bend Lumbar: 180ish (football goal), flex/ext
121
What two muscles are the trunks of the brachial plexus in between?
Anterior and middle scalene
122
What are the origin/insertions for the alar and transverse ligaments?
Alar: Dens to occiput Transverse: C2-C2

Anatomy (4 decks)

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