SPINE

Question 1

How many Vertebrae are there

Answer 1

33

Question 2

How many fused vertebrae are there

Answer 2

26

Question 3

What are the 2 fused vertebra

Answer 3

Sacrum and Coccyx

Question 4

How many Intervertebral discs are there

Answer 4

23

Question 5

There are no IVDs where

Answer 5

between C1-C2, sacrum and coccyx

Question 6

2 Normal curves of the Vertebra

Answer 6

Primary
Secondary

Question 7

2 under primary curves

Answer 7

Thoracic
Sacral

Question 8

2 under secondary curves

Answer 8

Cervical
Lumbar

Question 9

curve that you are born woth

Answer 9

Primary Curvature

Question 10

In primary curvature the posterior is? concave or convex?

Answer 10

Convex

Question 11

it is the normal curve which develops

Answer 11

Secondary curvature

Question 12

In secondary curvature the cervical becomes _____ when the baby lifts head

Answer 12

posterior concave

Question 13

in secondary curvature the lumbar becomes ________ when the baby walks

Answer 13

posterior concave

Question 14

FUNCTIONS OF THE SPINE

Answer 14

SAFES
- Stuctural support
- attachment points
- Flexibility and movement
- encloses and protects
- shock absorbers

Question 15

True or False. The spine prpvides structural support for the body. It forms the central axis, supporting the weight of the head only.

Answer 15

False. Head, torso and upper limbs

Question 16

True or False. The vertebral column encloses and protects the spine, which is a bundle of nerves responsible for carrying messages between the brain and the body,

Answer 16

False. Spinal cord, not spine

Question 17

True or False. The vertebral column offers a surprising degree of flexibility and movement

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False. The IVD, which are located between the transverse processes, act as shock absorbers.

Answer 18

False. Vertebral body, not transverse process

Question 19

True or False. The vertebral column provides attachment points for numerous muscles, which are responsible for movement, posture, and stability

Answer 19

True

Question 20

In a typical vertebra, the anterior portion of a vertebra is called

Answer 20

vertebral body

Question 21

The posterior portion of the vertebra is called

Answer 21

Vertebral/neural arch

Question 22

The neural arch is divided into

Answer 22

pedicles and posterior elements

Question 23

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Body is small and transversely broad. There are no costal facets

Answer 23

Cervical

Question 24

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar.
Body is Large and Kidney Shaped. No costal facets.

Answer 24

Lumbar

Question 25

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Body is medium sized and heart shaped. Costal facets are present on each side

Answer 25

Thoracic

Question 26

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Vertebral foramen is large and triangular

Answer 26

Cervical and Lumbar

Question 27

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Vertebral foramen is small and circular

Answer 27

Thoracic

Question 28

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Spinous process is short, bifid, and inclined inferiorly

Answer 28

Cervical

Question 29

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Spinous process is long and inclined inferiorly

Answer 29

Thoracic

Question 30

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Spinous process is short, flat, quadrangular projecting posteriorly

Answer 30

Lumbar

Question 31

Identify whether: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar. Transverse process possesses a foramen transversarium

Answer 31

Cervical

Question 32

Type of joint between the facets

Answer 32

Zygapophyseal Joint

Question 33

The direction of superior and inferior facet of the cervical vertebrae

Answer 33

Superior: superior and medial Inferior: anterior and lateral

Question 34

The direction of the superior and inferior facet of the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 34

Superior: posterior, superior and lateral Inferior: anterior, inferior, medial

Question 35

The direction of the superior and inferior facet of the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 35

Superior: posterior and medial Inferior: anterior and lateral

Question 36

3 atypical cervical vertebra

Answer 36

Atlas Axis C7 prominens

Question 37

has a dens

Answer 37

axis

Question 38

no body

Answer 38

atlas

Question 39

3 atypical vertebra of the thoracic

Answer 39

T1 T9 T10-12

Question 40

thoracic which has a costal facet for rib articulqtion

Answer 40

T1

Question 41

Thoracic with no inferior demi facet

Answer 41

T9

Question 42

Thoracic which have larger bodies and costal facets

Answer 42

T10-12

Question 43

Atypical Lumbar Vertebra

Answer 43

L5

Question 44

Lumbar which has a larger, wedge shaped body that provides stable base for spine

Answer 44

L5

Question 45

These are fobrpcartilaginous cushions located between each vertebra in the spinal column, except for atlas and axis

Answer 45

Intervertebral Discs

Question 46

Two functions of IVD

Answer 46

1. Separate two vertebra bodies, increasing available motion 2. transmit load

Question 47

This is related to both the amount of motion and magnitude of loads

Answer 47

Size of the IVD

Question 48

IVD make up about ____-_____ of the length pf the vertebral column

Answer 48

20-33%

Question 49

Disc Thickness varies from ______ in the cervical region to ____ in lumbar

Answer 49

3mm to 9mm

Question 50

lowest weight bearing loads

Answer 50

cervical

Question 51

highest weight bearing loads

Answer 51

lumbar

Question 52

What is the disc height ratio

Answer 52

The greater the ratio, the greater the available ROM

Question 53

A health IVD typicall has a ratio of ______

Answer 53

0.33-0.45

Question 54

3 parts of IVD

Answer 54

Nucleus pulposus Annulus fibrosus Cartilaginous endplates

Question 55

A central gel like core that provides most of the shock-absorbing properties

Answer 55

Nucleus pulposus

Question 56

A tough fibrous outer ring that surrounds the nucleus pulposus and limits its expansion

Answer 56

Annulus fibrosus

Question 57

Thin layers of hyaline cartilage at the top and bottom of the disc that anchor it to the vertebrae and allow nutrient diffusion

Answer 57

Cartilagnous endplates