Spine

Question 1

Number of cervical vertebra

Answer 1

7

Question 2

number of thoracic vertebra

Answer 2

12

Question 3

number of lumbar vertebra

Answer 3

5

Question 4

tell about atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 4

condylloid joint
2 degrees of freedom
head flexion/extension and side bending

Question 5

Atlanto-axial joint

Answer 5

pivot joint
50% happens at this joint
cardiac and respiratory centers located here

Question 6

facet joints

Answer 6

synonvial gliding
each vertebra has four facets
each group has five articulations

Question 7

what plane are cervical facets in in

Answer 7

horizontal plane, mostly rotation

Question 8

what plane are thoracic vertebra in

Answer 8

frontal plane, for side bending

Question 9

What plane are lumbar vertebra in

Answer 9

transverse plane

Question 10

SI joint

Answer 10

plane/synovial gliding

lots of movement here when women are pregnant

Question 11

rectus capitus innervation

Answer 11

C1-C2 nerve supply

Question 12

longus capitus innervation

Answer 12

C1-C3 nerve supply

Question 13

longus capitus motions

Answer 13

assists with neck flexion, prime action is to STABLIZE cervical vertebrae

Question 14

longus colli motion and innervation

Answer 14

assists with neck flexion, prime action is to STABLIZE cervical vertebrae, C2-C6 nerve supply

Question 15

anterior scalene motion and innervation

Answer 15

flexes the neck and also side bends to same side and rotates neck to the same side, C5-C6 nerve supply

Question 16

sternocleidomastoid action and innervation

Answer 16

flexion, ispsi. Flexion and contra. Rotation, spinal accessory nerve X

Question 17

rectus capitus posterior

Answer 17

extension with both muscles, subocciptal nerve

-major and minor

Question 18

oblique capitus innervation and actions

Answer 18

superior and inferior: extension of upper cervical vertebra

Suboccipital N.

Question 19

interpsinals action and innervation

Answer 19

neck extension

dorsal primary rami N.

Question 20

intertransversals action and innervation

Answer 20

between the transverse processes, ipsi. Lateral flexion, contract on both sides, just stabilizes the spine
dorsal Primary Rami N.

Question 21

semispinalis action and innervation

Answer 21

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

Question 22

multifidus action and innervation

Answer 22

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

Question 23

short rotator action and innervation

Answer 23

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

Question 24

spinalis action or innervation

Answer 24

extension ONLY

Question 25

longissimus action and innervation

Answer 25

extension, ispsilateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation

Question 26

iliocostalis action and innervation

Answer 26

extends, ipsilateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation

Question 27

splenius capitus action and innervation

Answer 27

extension, ipsilateral rotation (main action), ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary ramus

Question 28

splenius cervicis action and innervation

Answer 28

extension, ipsilateral rotation (main action), ipsilateral flexion, dorsal primary rami N.

Question 29

rectus abdominis action and innervation

Answer 29

trunk flexion, lower 6 thoracic nerves (T7-T12)

Question 30

transversus abdominus action and innervation

Answer 30

ipsilateral rotation, maintain pressure in abdomen (T7-T12)

Question 31

quadratus lumborum action and innervation

Answer 31

hip hike motion or ipsilateral flexion, contracts on both sides = trunk stabilization (T12, L1-L4)

Question 32

abdominals all together

Answer 32

they flex trunk and support viscera and maintain intra-abdominal pressure, which is important for breathing, lower 6 thoracic nerves (T7-T12)

Question 33

PSIS is a what level of the spine

Answer 33

S2

Question 34

iliac crest is at what level of the spine

Answer 34

L4

Question 35

inferior angle is at what level of the spine

Answer 35

T8

Question 36

with the neck in neutral position what level of the C-spine is most prominent

Answer 36

C7

Question 37

with the neck flexed what level of the C-spine is most prominent

Answer 37

T1

Question 38

Cervical flexion ROM (goni and inclin.)

Answer 38

0-(45-60)

Question 39

Cervical extension ROM (goni and inclin.)

Answer 39

0-(60-80)

Question 40

Cervical rotation ROM (GOni. and inclin.)

Answer 40

0-(50-70)

Question 41

Cervical lateral flexion ROM (GOni. and inclin.)

Answer 41

0-(25-50)

Question 42

Lumbar flexion ROM

Answer 42

0-(80-100)

Question 43

Lumbar extension ROM

Answer 43

0-(30-45)

Question 44

Thoracolumbar lateral flexion ROM

Answer 44

0-(30-45)

Question 45

Lumbar flexion MMT grading

Answer 45

5: hands behind head 4: arms folded across chest, all scapula off surface 3+: arms at sides + all scapula off surface 3: arms at sides + inferior scapula remain in contact with surface 2: raises head and cervical spine, all scapula in contact with surface 1: palpable contraction

Question 46

What muscles are involved with trunk flexion

Answer 46

rectus abdominis

Question 47

muscles involved in lumbar extension

Answer 47

erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis), transversospinalis, multifidus, rotatores, interspinales, intertransversali, quadratus lumborum

Question 48

lumbar extension MMT grading

Answer 48

5: hands behind head 4: arms folded behind back, all sternum off surface 3: arms at sides + all sternum off surface 2: arms at sides, partial ROM 1: palpable contraction

Question 49

muscles involved in lumbar rotation

Answer 49

external and internal obliques

Question 50

Lumbar rotation MMT grading

Answer 50

5: hands behind head 4: arms folded across chest, all scapula off surface 3: arms at sides, all scapula off surface

Question 51

muscles involved in pelvic elevation

Answer 51

quadratus lumborum, iliocostalis lumborum

Question 52

Pelvic elevation MMT grading

Answer 52

5: max resistance 4: mod resistance 3: min resistance 2: elevates pelvis thru full ROM 1: palpable contraction