Spine Bony thorax

Question 1

Bony thorax consists of

Answer 1

Sternum (anteriorly)
Thoracic vertebra (posteriorly)
12 pairs of ribs (lat)

Question 2

3 divisions of the sternum

Answer 2

manubrium (upper portion)
body (middle also known as Corpus, gladiolus)
xiphoid process (most inferior portion)

Question 3

The upper most border of the manubrium is called the _. This is at the level of

Answer 3

juglar notch (suprasternal, manubrial notch)
T2-T3

Question 4

The lower end of the manubrium is the _. This is at the level of

Answer 4

sternal angle

T4-T5

Question 5

The xiphoid tip is located at the level of

Answer 5

T9-T10

Question 6

THe inferior costal (rib) margin corresponds to the level of

Answer 6

L2-L3

Question 7

_ joint is where each clavicle articulates with the manubrium

Answer 7

SC joint

Question 8

What is the only bony connection between each shoulder girdle and the bony thorax

Answer 8

SC joint

Question 9

The anterior ribs attach to the sternum by

Answer 9

costocartilage

Question 10

the clavicles and the cartilages of the first 7 pairs of ribs connect directly to the

Answer 10

sternum

Question 11

the costocartilage for the fist rib attaches to the

Answer 11

manubrium

Question 12

the costocartilage for the second rib attaches at the

Answer 12

sternal angle

Question 13

the 3rd-7th costocartilage attaches to the

Answer 13

body of the sternum

Question 14

ribs 8,9, and 10 also have costocartilage but attach to the

Answer 14

costocartilage of rib #7

Question 15

The first 7 pairs of ribs are called _ and why

Answer 15

true ribs

because the ribs attach to the sternum by its own costocartilage

Question 16

ribs 8-12 are called _ why?

Answer 16

false ribs

because the attach to the sternum indirectly

Question 17

ribs 11-12 are called _ and_ why?

Answer 17

false/floating ribs

because the do not possess costocartilage or connect anteriorly

Question 18

each rib has two ends

Answer 18

the posterior/vertebral

anterior/sternal end

Question 19

Between the 2 ends is the

Answer 19

shaft/body of the rib

Question 20

the vertebral end has a _ and a

Answer 20

head

flat neck

Question 21

lateral to the neck is a

Answer 21

tubercle

Question 22

the body extends laterally from the _ and then angles forward and downward; this is the

Answer 22

tubercle

angle of the rib/axillary portion

Question 23

the posterior or vertebral end of the rib is _ than the anterior or sternal end

Answer 23

3-5 inches higher

Question 24

the inside margin of each rib protects and artery, nerve and vein; this inside margin is called the

Answer 24

costal groove

Question 25

the bony thorax is widest at the

Answer 25

8th-9th ribs

Question 26

what is formed by the head of the rib and the body of the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 26

costovertebral joint

Question 27

what joint is formed by the tubercle of the rib and the transverse proces of the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 27

costotransverse joint

Question 28

what ribs do not have a costotransverse articulation

Answer 28

11-12 (only costovertebral)

Question 29

located between the costocartilage and anterior or sternal end of the rib

Answer 29

costochondral union or junction

Question 30

costochondral union or junction classification and mobility

Answer 30

unique classification | synarthrodial

Question 31

SC joint is classified as

Answer 31

synovial | diathrodial

Question 32

What joint of the 1st rib is located between the sternum and costocartilage

Answer 32

sternocostal joint

Question 33

sternocostal joint of the 1st rib is classified as

Answer 33

cartilaginous no movement synarthrodial

Question 34

Sternocostal joint of 2nd-7th rib are classified as

Answer 34

synovial | diarthrodial

Question 35

interchondral joints between 6th-10th ribs are classified

Answer 35

synovial joints | diathrodial

Question 36

costotransverse joints and costovertebral joints are classified

Answer 36

synovial | diathrodial

Question 37

what are superimposed in an AP or PA position

Answer 37

thoracic spine and sternum

Question 38

the vertebra are much more dense than the sternum so the body must be rotated to visualize the

Answer 38

sternum away from the vertebra and placed in the heart shadow for a more uniform density

Question 39

What can be done in place of the RAO if patient cannot do RAO position

Answer 39

LPO

Question 40

A thinner person requires _ rotation than a person with a deeper chest

Answer 40

``` 20 degree (thinner) 15 degrees (deeper chest) ```

Question 41

Why is a breathing technique is used on a RAO sternum and this requires a _ kV, a _ mA, and a _ exposure

Answer 41

to blur out lung markings over the sternum low low long (3-4 sec)

Question 42

If patient is not able to stand, do a

Answer 42

cross table lat

Question 43

for above diaphragm ribs 1. take _ when possible and why 2. expose on _ 3. _ kV

Answer 43

1. erect (allows the diaphragm to move to its lowest pos.) 2. inspiration 3. low kV (65-75)

Question 44

Below diaphragm 1. take _when possible and why 2. expose on 3. _ kV

Answer 44

1. recumbent (allows diaphragm to rise to the highest pos.) 2. expiration 3. medium kV (75-85)

Question 45

when determining AP or PA, put the pain _to the IR

Answer 45

closest

Question 46

when determining oblique position, first place the pain closest to the IR and then rotate the _from the side of interest

Answer 46

spinous process away

Question 47

ribs are usually marked w/

Answer 47

arrows

Question 48

above diaphragm ribs should demonstrate ribs _; below should demonstrate

Answer 48

1-9/10 | 8-12

Question 49

PA below the diaphragm ribs are not taken because

Answer 49

there are no ribs below 10 anteriorly

Question 50

Ribs may be radiographed

Answer 50

unilateral or bilateral

Question 51

person enters the RD with rt anterior rib pain. What positions should be performed

Answer 51

PA chest PA above diaphragm LAO above diaphragm

Question 52

Person enters the RD with a posterior rib pain. What positions should be performed

Answer 52

PA chest AP above LPO above diaphragm LPO below diaphragm