Spiral 3 Test Flashcards
(30 cards)
Physical changes
Change of form or shape. (ripping paper, shaping clay)
Change of state. (Solid, liquid, gas)
Dissolving. (dissolving sugar can be reverse if it’s boiled)
Chemical Changes
New Color appears
Heat/Light produced (hot) or absorbed (cold).
Bubbles of gas are formed
A solid material precipitate.
(the solid substance that appears when specific two substances mix)
Difficult to reverse
Where are the reactants and products?
Reactants= Products
H₂+ O₂ = H₂O
Cations:
Lose electrons and have a positive net charge.
Anions:
Gain electrons and have a negative net charge.
What’s the difference between a regular Bohr-rutherford diagram for an element or ion?
For ions, you need to add the brackets outside the bohr-rutherford diagram and the net charge at the top of the brackets. You also need to remove or add any necessary electrons to stabilize the element.
Reactivity of metals vs nonmetals in periods:
Reactivity of metals increases from right to left. Reactivity of nonmetals increases from left to right.
Reactivity of metals vs nonmetals in groups:
Reactivity of metals increases from the top to the bottom. Reactivity of nonmetals increases from the bottom to the top.
Greenhouse effect:
Is how these gasses trap the sun’s energy to keep the planet warm.
5 greenhouse gasses:
Water Vapor (H₂O)
Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Methane (CH₄)
Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)
Ozone (O₃)
3 impacts of climate change:
Increase in frequency and intensity of natural disasters
Rising temperatures = warmer seas = more water vapor in the atmosphere = more hurricanes, typhoons and torrential rain and
more droughts.
Declining crop yields
If the temperature and amount of available water is outside of a plant’s tolerance range, the plant will not be able to survive.
Declining biodiversity
On land, animals and plants have had to move to higher elevations thus competing with organisms that already exist there. In the ocean, there has been an increased risk of loss of marine and coastal ecosystems.
Carbon reservoirs have different percentages of each of the 3 isotopes called
isotopic fingerprints
Renewable vs non-renewable energy
Renewable:
- Geothermal
- Solar
- Wind
- Tidal (Hydro)
- Biomass (if properly managed)
Non-Renewable:
- Fossil Fuels (Natural gas, propane, coal, and petroleum)
- Nuclear
What can you do to be more sustainable?
Not using non-renewable resources
Making personal decisions to save on electrical use (i.e. turn off the lights, appliances, use LED bulbs, don’t turn up the heat in winter or blast the air conditioning in summer)
Get a Home Energy Audit
Check the EnerGuide on appliances and look for the Energy Star rating
What does an Energuide tell you?
The energy consumption of the appliance.
Path:
a complete trip to and from the cell(s) with no back or repeat step
Series Circuit vs Parallel:
A Series Circuit is where charges have only 1 path to follow. A Parallel Circuit is where charges have more than 1 path to follow.
What happens when a load goes out in a parallel vs series circuit?
Series– All loads in the circuit will go out.
Parallel circuits– All loads in the circuit will stay the same brightness.
How are Ammeters connected?
Series
How are Voltmeters connected?
Parallel
If the Ammeter/Voltmeter shows a negative number what does that mean?
The wires were incorrectly connected and needed to be switched.
Combination Circuit:
Circuit in which it has both elements of series and parallel.
Unsafe use of circuits can cause?
Short circuiting
What safety device can be used when the current exceeds a safe limit?
A fuse will heat up and melt (breaking the circuit)
