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Bacteriology > Spirochete - Myco Viro > Flashcards

Spirochete - Myco Viro Flashcards

(98 cards)

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1
Q

Partially Acid-fast Bacteria

A

Nocardia: Aerobic
Gordonia
Rhodococcus
Tsukamurella

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2
Q

Aerial Hyphae in Tap Water Agar

A

Nocardia
Nocardiopsis
Streptomyces

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3
Q

anaerobic; agent of Lumpy Jaw/Actinomycosis

causes suppurative granulomatous disease

A

Actinomyces israelli

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4
Q

Colonies of A. israelli

A

Molar tooth

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5
Q

primary pulmonary infection resembling TB

A

N. farcinica & N. cyriacigeorgica

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6
Q

actinomycotic mycetoma

A

N. brasiliensis

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7
Q

Spirochete

Loosely and helically coiled; longest bacteria

A

Borrelia

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8
Q

mode of transmission of Borrelia

A

bite of an infected vector (lice and ticks)

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9
Q

Agent of Louse-born relapsing fever (epidemic)

A

Borrelia recurrentis

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10
Q

Vector: Pediculus humanus(human louse)

A

Borrelia recurrentis

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11
Q

Agent of Tick-born relapsing fever

A

Borrelia anserine, toricatae, parkeri

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12
Q

Vector of Borrelia anserine, toricatae, parkeri

A

Ornithodoros ticks

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13
Q

Agent of Lyme Disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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14
Q

Vector of Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Ixodesdammini(deer ticks)

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15
Q

Stage 1 symptom of Lyme disease

A

Bull’s eye rash (erythema chronicummigrans)

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16
Q

Stage 2 symptom of Lyme disease

A

dissemination to blood

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17
Q

Stage 3 symptom of Lyme disease

A

arthritis, neurological abnormalities, skin lesions

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18
Q

Culture media for Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Barber Stoenner Kelly at 33C for 6 weeks

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19
Q

tightly coiled spirochete

A

Treponema

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20
Q

Lab diagnosis for Treponema

A

Darkfield microscopy - graceful/corkscrew motility

Levaditi silver impregnation

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21
Q

Screening tests for Treponema in serology

A

Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL)

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22
Q

Confirmatory tests for Treponema in serology

A

Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption (FTA-ABS),
Treponema pallidum Haemagglutination (TPHA),
Microhemagglutination Assay for Treponema pallidum Antibodies (MHA-TP),
Hemagglutination Treponemal Test for Syphilis (HATTS)

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23
Q

Primary Syphilis symptom and specimen of choice

A

Hard chancre: firm and painless

swab/aspirate; diagnosis using darkfield microscopy

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24
Q

Secondary Syphilis symptom and specimen of choice

A

condylomata lata (wart-like lesions in genital area or mouth)

serum; (RPR/VDRL, FTA-ABS)

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25
Tertiary Syphilis symptom and specimen of choice
Gummas (granulomatous lesions) Neurosyphilis (Tabes dorsalis –degeneration of lower spinal cord) syphilitic cardiovascular lesions CSF
26
Hutchinson's triad (notched teeth, keratitis, nerve deafness)
Congenital syphilis T. pallidum subsp. pertenue
27
chronic nonvenereal disease of skin and bones
Yaws/Framboise T. pallidum subsp. endemicum
28
lesions in oral cavity/mucosa, skin boes, nasopharynx
Bejel T. pallidum subsp. endemicum
29
ulcerative skin disease
Pinta T. pallidum subsp. carateum
30
spirochete tightly coiled with 1 or 2 hooks
Leptospira
31
specimen of choice for 1st week diagnosis of Leptospira
blood, CSF, tissue
32
specimen of choice for 2nd week diagnosis of Leptospira
urine
33
Culture method for Leptospira
EMJH (Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris)/Stuart Fletcher's
34
Screening Test for Leptospira
Macroscopic Agglutination Test - (+): agglutination
35
Gold standard for Leptospira
Microscopic Agglutination Test - (+): agglutination under dark field
36
cause of leptospirosis (zoonotic infection)
Leptospira interrogans
37
most common characteristic physical finding in Leptospira interrogans
conjunctival suffusion
38
severe form of leptospirosis; systemic disease with intravascular disease, renal and hepatic failure
Weil's disease
39
Gram-positive obligate intracellular parasite
Chlamydia
40
of serotypes in C. trachomatis
20
41
of serotypes in C. pneumoniae
1
42
of serotypes in C. psittaci
10
43
agent of psittacosis/ornithosis (parrot fever)
Chlamydophila psittaci
44
TWAR strain (Taiwan Acute Respiratory)-3rd spp. of Chlamydia
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
45
TRIC agent (trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis) number 1 cause of non-gonococcal urethritis
C. trachomatis
46
Gram-negative obligate intracellular parasite
Rickettsia
47
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
R. rickettsii (ticks)
48
Rickettsial pox
R. akari (mites)
49
Australian/Queensland tick typhus
R. australis (ticks)
50
Boutonneuse fever, Mediterranean and Israeli spotted fever, Indian tick typhus, Kenyan tick typhus
R. conorii (ticks)
51
Epidemic typhus
R. prowazekii (Lice)
52
Sporadic typhus
R. prowazekii (Flying squirrels)
53
Brill-Zinsser disease
R. prowazekii (Reactivation of latent infection)
54
Murine typhus
R. typhi (fleas)
55
Scrub typhus
Orientia tsutsugamushi (mites, chiggers)
56
Q fever
Coxiella burnetti (ticks, aerosol)
57
Human monocyte ehrlichiosis
Ehrlichia chaffeensis (ticks)
58
Human granulocyte anaplasmosis
E. phagocytophila (ticks)
59
Sennetsu fever
Neorickettsia sennetsu (ticks)
60
Trench fever
Rochalimea quintana (Lice)
61
Smallest free-living organisms
Mycoplasma
62
Eaton's agent | primary atypical pneumonia/walking pneumonia
M. pneumoniae
63
Confirmatory for M. pneumoniae
Hemadsorption test
64
large fried egg colonies
M. hominis
65
agent of salpingitis and post partal fever | non-gonococcal urethritis in males, PID
M. hominis
66
non-gonococcal urethritis in males, PID, amnionitis
U. urealyticum
67
small fried egg colonies with dark brown clumps
U. urealyticum
68
MOT of Rochalimea quintana
Human body louse
69
MOT of B. bacilliformis
Sandflies
70
MOT of B. henselae
Domestic cat by bite/scratches; cat fleas
71
MOT of B. clarridgeia
Domestic cat by bite/scratches
72
MOT of B. elizabethiae
Fleas (from rat) | Endocarditis
73
Koch's bacillus
Mycobacteria tuberculosis
74
Virulence factor of M. tuberculosis
Cord factor (produces serpentine cords on agar)
75
Resistance of M. tuberculosis
Highly resistant to drying Resistant to chemical disinfection; requires 24-hour exposure to 5% phenol
76
M. tuberculosis remains in putrifying sputum for how many weeks?
weeks 8-10 days or dried sputum for weeks
77
M. tuberculosis remains infectious in drops of dried sputum in the air for how many months?
6-8 months
78
M. tuberculosis is easily killed by?
moist heat, boiling for 10 mins, pasteurization
79
Treatment (6 months) for M. tuberculosis
Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
80
Kinyoun
stain preferred for tissues
81
Also used for M. leprae, Nocardia; | Uses hematoxylin as counterstain
Fite-Faraco's
82
(+): yellow-fluorescent organisms on black background
Auramine-Rhodamine
83
Stain for colorblind; black
Spengler's
84
Stain MTB: red M. smegmatis: blue
Pappenheimer's
85
Stain MTB: blue M. leprae: red
Baungarten's
86
Culture (confirmatory) - cauliflower colonies Examples of egg-based (with malachite green)
Lowenstein-Jensen Petragnani: for contaminated specimens American Thoracic Society medium Dorset egg medium
87
Culture (confirmatory) -cauliflower colonies Examples of agar based
Duboi's Oleic Acid Albumin medium Middlebrook 7H10, 7H11 –clear media used for AST Mitchinson's medium
88
Culture (confirmatory) -cauliflower colonies Examples of liquid media
Septi-Check Bactec 12B Middlebrook 7H9/7H12 Dubos Tween Albumin
89
Most common cause of TB in Africa
M. africanum
90
Most common mycobacterium in AIDS patients | Diarrhea
M. avium complex (MAC)
91
TB in animals; | Bacillus Calmette & Guerin (BCG) vaccine
M. bovis
92
granulomatous lesions seen on chest X-rays
Tubercles
93
calcified lesions
Ghon complexes
94
Sputum specimen for Mycobacteria
2 specimens in 1 day
95
RUNYOUN CLASSICATION OF MOTT GROUP 1: PHOTOCHROMOGENS
M. kansasii M. marinum M. simiae M. asiaticum
96
RUNYOUN CLASSICATION OF MOTT GROUP 2: SCOTOCHROMOGENS
``` M. scrofulaceum M. szulgai M. xenopi M. gordonae M. flavescens M. thermoresistible ```
97
RUNYOUN CLASSICATION OF MOTT GROUP 3: NONPHOTOCHROMOGENS
``` M. avium M. avium-intracellularecomplex (MAC) M. malmoense M. ulcerans M. haemophilum M. terrae-triviale ```
98
RUNYOUN CLASSICATION OF MOTT GROUP 4: RAPID GROWERS
M. fortuitum M. chelonae M. phlei M. smegmatis

Bacteriology (2 decks)

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