Sport And Society And The Role Of Technology Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the sporting development continuum
Participation in the various forms of physical activity at various stages of development
- ‘ foundation level ‘ being the first introduction to sport/ physical activity
- ‘ participation level’ being recreational activity, focusing on fun, socialising and making friends in a relaxed manner
- ‘ performance level’ where the emphasis is on winning, and committed to regular involvement
What does physical recreation mean?
The active aspect of leisure
What does leisure mean?
The free time which individuals can choose what to do which they spend actively or passively
What are the key characteristics of physical recreation?
- ‘Participation level’ - involvement of adults of this sporting continuum
- Effort: Physically energetic
- Self officiated/self regulated - decisions made by the participants
- Taking part is the main motivation for participation
- Fun, enjoyable and not serious, relaxed atmosphere
- Voluntary - participation is a choice and it’s up to you whether you take part or not in the free time you have available
- Flexible - how long take part for and the rules can adjust as they wish
What are the benefits of physical recreation for an individual?
Skill develops and fitness increases : getting a better gold swing
Stress reductions occurs: people relaxing after work
Self- confidence and self esteem increased de to sense of achievement: when overcome challenges
Social skills improve
Sense of fun and enjoyment
Sustaining participation in sport later in life
What are the benefit of physical recreation for a society?
Crime - decrease in crime and more social control when spending free time more wisely
Obesity decrease as people exercising more
Social integration - more community cohesion when social communities joining clubs and socialising
Employment and economic benefits as people are buying equipment and using facilities to participate in
Elite - more individuals progressing to the performance and elite levels
NHS - reduce strain ( due to increase health and fitness )
What are the characteristics of Sport?
Structured : has set and strict rules which are held accountable by officials who are appointed by national governing bodies to enforce these rules
Commitment is high and strict training
Serious and competitive so winning is important
Rewards are received as a result of success : extrinsic such as medals and trophies or intrinsic rewards like personal satisfaction
Uses specialist equipment
Skills and tactics to outwit opponent at a high level
Prowess is seen in sporting performance
What are benefits of sport for an individual?
Self confidence increases : skill improvement and success
Skill improve/ fitness improvement
Social opportunities: socialising, be part of a team and communicate
Sportsmanship: developing positive sporting moral and attitude like FairPlay
Stress is reduced
What are the benefit of sport for society?
Strain on NHS decreased as levels of obesity, health and fitness improve
Social control as individuals make more positive use of free time
Social integration and community cohesion
Equality of opportunity due to increased participation from different socioeconomic and ethnic groups
Economic benefits from new equipment and fashionable equipment
Employment opportunities are created as a result
What are the characteristics of the National Curriculum for Physical Education?
Introduced in 1988
- Involuntary / Compulsory
- Formally taught lessons
- Four Key stages as part of the National Curriculum from ages 5-16
- Begins at primary school at foundation level
- Teachers are in charge and deliver lessons
- Structure: Lessons are pre planned and highly structured
- During school time
What are the aims of National Curriculum PE?
Health and fitness improve
Including positive attitude to sport, hopefully influencing them to continue healthy lifestyles when PE no longer compulsory
Development of personal and social skills : teamwork, communication, leadership and cooperation
Develop morality, fair play and sportsmanship
Cognitively: problem solving, decision making and creativity
Self - analysis as well as able to recognise strengths and weaknesses within performance where improvements have occurred
What is Outdoor education?
National Curriculum PE includes this opportunity
Participate in activity whic take place in the natural environment
Utilise nature, geographical resources such as mountains, rivers, lakes etc
What are the functions of outdoor education for young people?
Physically challenging, climbing, increases levels of health and fitness
Leadership: Working with others; cooperation - improves leadership and social skills
Excitement and adrenaline rush
Appreciate and engage with the natural environment - increase conservation
Develop new physical and survival skills which result in an increased self esteem
Dealing with challenging situations and perceive risk
Decision making: cognitive skills and improved decision making
What are the problems PE Departments may face within schools?
- Lack of time in the curriculum
- Lack of money - specialist equipment
- lack of qualified or motivated staff
- locations may not have facilities nearby
- travelling long distances to specialist facilities
- health and safety concerns of parents pupils and staff
What is the triangular model of PE?
Education ( National Curriculum PE )
School sport - extra curricular competitive opportunities, inter house competitions involving as many pupils, inter school competitions to represent school
Recreation - extra curricular, non competitive participation
What is the definition of School Sport?
Extra- curricular competitive sport
What is the School Sport Partnerships?
An initiative promoted by the government
- Creation of increased opportunities for school sport via junior/primary schools
Working together with secondary schools and other education providers
What are the school games?
Initiative to increase participation in school sport from intra/inter-school level through to country and national levels
What are the benefits of school sport?
Activity levels increase health and fitness and skill levels increasing self esteem Physically challenging
New friendships developed via extra -curricular involvement
Improvement of cognitive skills, improving decision making
Academic achievements if pupils become more motivated to attend and achieve at school
What are the similarities between physical recreation and sport?
Similar
- involve physical activity increasing health and fitness
- free time and voluntary
- intrinsic benefits as a result of participating; personal satisfaction
What are the differences between physical recreation recreation and sport?
Differences
- available to all vs more selective
- voluntary vs obligation
- participation focus and taking part vs emphasis on winning and competitive
- varied effort - high level of effort
- no commitment required vs high level of commitment
- rules modified vs set rules
- self officiated vs external officials
- intrisntic award mainly vs extrinsic rewards
- varied skills fitness levels vs high skills and fitness levels
- basic equipment and clothing used vs high tech equipment and clothing worm
What are the similarities between physical recreation and physical education?
- develop physical skills and are energetic so have health and fitness benefits
- both enjoyable and fun to participate
What are the differences between physical recreation and physical education?
- Voluntary vs compulsory
- during free time vs school time
- informal and relaxed vs formal teaching
- control activity themselves and self regulated vs teacher in charge
- Participation level vs foundation level at primary school level
- Simple organisational structure vs highly structured
What are the similarities between PE and School Sport?
- during lesson time vs in free time, extra curricular involvement Improvement
- compulsory vs element of choice and voluntary involvement
- for all vs for chosen few, elitist
- emphasis on taking part vs emphasis on winning and competition
- teacher led vs coach led
Wife variety of activity vs specialisms development
