Sports Nutrition Quiz 1

Question 1

Which of the following is the best definition of sports nutrition?

Answer 1

application of nutritional and physiological principles that support training and performance

Question 2

Which of the following is the best definition of exercise?

Answer 2

planned, repetitive physical activity

Question 3

The term endurance athlete is generally interpreted to mean that the athlete

Answer 3

predominantly uses the oxygen-dependent energy system

Question 4

The term macronutrients typically refers to

Answer 4

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the term Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)?

Answer 5

current nutrient standard for individuals

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the application of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) to trained athletes?

Answer 6

Although developed for the general population, athletes can use the DRI to assess the adequacy of their diets

Question 7

In the U.S., which of the following meets the legal definition of a dietary supplement?

Answer 7

vitamin or mineral supplement; botanical supplement; and herbal supplement

Question 8

What does it mean when an active ingredient in a dietary supplement or over the counter medication is standardized?

Answer 8

the same amount is found in each pill or tablet

Question 9

Regulation of dietary supplements in the U.S. is

Answer 9

minimal

Question 10

The weakest of all scientific findings are from which of the following types of studies

Answer 10

case studies

Question 11

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. This study is an example of:

Answer 11

experimental research

Question 12

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. Was the study randomized?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did.

Answer 13

no

Question 14

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. Did the study utilize a crossover design?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. Did the study utilize a placebo?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. Which group was serving as the control group?

Answer 16

the cyclists who received an inert pill

Question 17

Twenty sprint cyclists were randomly selected to be in a study designed to test the effectiveness of 12 weeks of creatine supplementation on performance. Ten cyclists received a creatine supplement for 3 months while the other ten received a powdered supplement with the same color and texture that has no physical effect for 3 months. The cyclists did not know which pill they were taking but the researcher did. The results of this study will be used to establish a

Answer 17

cause and effect relationship

Question 18

The term level of evidence refers to

Answer 18

the relative strength of the collective body of research on a topic

Question 19

Most health-related information on the internet is found on websites that are supported by

Answer 19

commercial enterprises

Question 20

Which of the following certifications does NOT require a bachelor’s degree?

Answer 20

personal trainer

Question 21

Which of the following is true regarding the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 21

energy is not created or destroyed

Question 22

ATP is an example of

Answer 22

chemical energy

Question 23

The two most common factors that influence enzyme activity

Answer 23

temperature and pH

Question 24

If a food contains 350 calories, how many kilocalories does it contain?

Answer 24

350

Question 25

The International System of Units (SI units) unit for energy is the

Answer 25

joule

Question 26

6,300 kJ is equivalent to how many kilocalories?

Answer 26

1,500

Question 27

On a kcal/g basis, the caloric content of carbohydrate is approximately the same as

Answer 27

protein

Question 28

On average, 1 liter of oxygen consumed is equivalent to (how much) kcal of energy expended.

Answer 28

5

Question 29

Direct calorimetry works on the principle that

Answer 29

the body heat that is produced is proportional to the energy expended

Question 30

Indirect calorimetry works on the principle that

Answer 30

oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production are related to energy expenditure

Question 31

In the energy balance equation, the only component of "energy in" is

Answer 31

food

Question 32

In sedentary individual, the largest influence on "energy out" is

Answer 32

resting metabolism

Question 33

The smallest influence on "energy out" is

Answer 33

thermic effect of food

Question 34

The minimum energy expenditure compatible with life is known as

Answer 34

basal metabolism

Question 35

What is creatine phosphate (CrP)?

Answer 35

a nitrogen-containing compound made from amino acids

Question 36

Based on dietary intake only, whom would you expect to have the lowest amount of muscle creatine?

Answer 36

vegetarians

Question 37

What is the effect on muscle ATP and creatine phosphate (CrP) when an athlete performs very high-intensity exercise for a very short period of time (e.g. 10 seconds)?

Answer 37

ATP declines then plateaus while CrP declines substantially.

Question 38

The major factor that limits the use of the creatine phosphate energy system

Answer 38

creatine phosphate can be depleted

Question 39

The preferred energy source by exercising muscle for the process of anaerobic glycolysis

Answer 39

glycogen

Question 40

The duration of the anaerobic glycolysis energy system is approximately

Answer 40

1-2 minutes

Question 41

Which of the following is a true statement about lactate?

Answer 41

it is a metabolized via aerobic metabolism

Question 42

The term "aerobic energy system" refers to

Answer 42

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 43

The nutrient that is NOT metabolized by the body to produce energy

Answer 43

proteins

Question 44

The slowest and most complex energy system used to produce ATP

Answer 44

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 45

The fastest and least complex energy system used to produce ATP

Answer 45

creatine phosphate