Sports Pschology Flashcards
(25 cards)
Name four types of guidance
Visual
Verbal
Manual
Mechanical
What is visual guidance?
Visual guidance often includes a demonstration of techniques or a skill by another person
Used for beginners
What is verbal guidance?
Guidance that is provided be another person speaking to you
Used for elite performers
What is manual guidance?
This guidance involves physically moving the performer into the correct position.
Used for beginners
What is mechanical guidance?
This involves using device or objects to assist the performer
Used for beginners
What is feedback?
It is the information a performer receives about their performance and it helps them to develop and improve
What is positive feedback?
It is important for beginners as it motivates them and makes them feel that they had successful aspects to their performance
Used for beginners
What is negative feedback?
Information a performer receives about what was incorrect or bad about their performance.
Used for elite performers
What is knowledge of result?
This feedback type focuses on how successful you have been in achieving the outcome you set out to
Used for beginners
What is knowledge of performance?
It often relates to the individual movements and specific technique.
What is intrinsic feedback?
Is information that is received from within the performer via the senses or muscles.
An elite golfer will know from the feel of their swing if it was a good shot
What is extrinsic feedback?
This form of feedback is feedback that comes from outside the performer, often verbally from a coach or teacher
What is direct aggression?
Where there is actual physical contact between performers
High rugby tackle
A boxer punching their opponent below the belt
What is indirect aggression?
It does not involve contact with another performer. This form of aggression is aimed at an object to gain an advantage.
Smashing a badminton shuttle in order for it to hit the ground faster
A cricket player bowling a fast bouncer to intimidate the batsman
Name five stress management techniques
Deep breathing Mena tal rehearsal Imagery Visualisation Positive self-talk
What is deep breathing?
This technique helps to reduce the performers heart rate and feeling of nervousness. Deep breathing to reduce heart rate and the nervous feeling before hitting a golf ball of the tee
What is mental rehearsal?
Mental rehearsal involves the performer picturing themselves performing the skill perfectly before attempting it. Picturing the perfect performance of how to kick a conversion in rugby
What is imagery?
This method involves the performer imagining themselves in a calm relaxing place. A golfer may do this before attempting a putt in order to remain calm and control their arousal levels.
What is visualisation?
During this method the performer will try to picture an aspect of performance. In cricket, the batsman will focus on how their performance should look prior to facing a bowler.
What is positive self-talk?
The athletes will give themselves positive and reassuring instructions allowing them to remain focused and motivated on the task. A footballer preparing to take a penalty may use self talk to reassure themselves
What is arousal?
A physical and mental state of alertness/readiness varying from deep sleep to intense excitement
Give me an inverted U summary
As arousal level increases, so does the level of performance
Once past this optimum point, performance decreases as they have become over aroused and become too anxious
What is under aroused?
Lack of concentration, focus and motivation = low performance levels
What is moderate level of arousal?
Optimum level of arousal - maximum level of performance and concentration. Reaction time will be quicker and levels of emotion correct for situation
