sports pyschology Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is sports pyschology
psychological and mental factors that affect performance in sports
factors that allow for psychological peak (5)
quality and quantity of sleep
self-confidence
motivation
optimal level of arousal
focus (mental imagery)
importance of sleep (4)
allow muscles to growth
keep immune system functioning
allow the brain to rest and recharge
maintaining visual ability and concentration
what does the motivational (SMART goals) stand for
specific, measureable, attainable, relevant, time bound
what is the inverted u theory?
as arousal increases, so does performance but only to a certain point (top of U)
low arousal vs high arousal
low = tired, bored, unmotivated
high = anxious, stressed, leads to carless mistakes
5 categories of performance enhancements
pharmacological
physiological
psychological
nutritional
mechanical
what is pharmacological
whats the purpose
what is it: drugs that are designed to function like hormones
purpose: Increases strength, endurance, or focus.
how to decrease/increase arousal levels
de: controlled breathing, meditation
in: hyped music, self talk, elevate breathing
what is performance enhancement
Performance enhancement is methods, devices or substances that enhance athletic performance.
pharmacological - legal vs illegal, examples and side effects
can be legal or illegal
legal: caffeine
- short burst of energy
- shaky
- increased alertness/concentration
illegal: anabolic steroids
- effects gender
specific body parts
- increased cancers
- depression, mood
swings, aggression
what is physiological
whats the purpose
what is it: Substances or techniques designed to increase natural physiological process that generate physical power.
purpose: improves oxygen delivery
physiological - legal vs illegal, examples and side effects
can be legal or illegal
legal: altitude training
- improves fitness and
breathing
illegal: blood doping
- clotting, heart
attacks, strokes,
death
what is pyschological
whats the purpose
what is it: influence of a particular body system through altering the athletes mental state
purpose: Helps athletes stay calm, focused, and confident.
psychological - legal vs illegal, examples and side effects
completely legal, no side effects
hypnosis, mental imagery, meditation, music
what is mechanical
whats the purpose
what is it: Any kind of fitness equipment that can be used to help an athlete train a specific targeted area of their fitness
purpose: Improves performance by enhancing technique or reducing resistance.
mechanical - legal vs illegal, examples and side effects
mostly legal, can be illegal
legal: nasal strips, various types of training (plyometrics)
illegal: super suits, sticky glove (provide unfair advantage, removes challenges)
what is nutritional
whats the purpose
what is it: Food sources that serve to increase muscle, energy supplies or rate of production in muscle.
purpose: Helps recovery, improves energy and muscle growth.
nutritional - legal vs illegal, examples and side effects
legal
carb loading for energy, protein powders for growth and repair of muscles, vitamin supplements, gatorades etc
what is doping
Doping is the use of certain substances or methods that could have the effect of artificially improving the athlete’s physical and/or mental condition
what is wada
The World Anti-Doping Agency is an independent agency that attempts to fight against doping in sport in all its forms
3 criteria of wada
- potential to enhance
- represents an actual or potential health risk to the Athlete.
- violates the spirit of sport (ethics, fair play, honesty, respect, character and excellence).
sociocultural factors that influence illegal enhancements
5
Pressure to Win
Role Models
Money & Sponsorships through success
Team & Coach Influence
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