Spot diagnoses/ Signs

Question 1

Name lesion

Seen in?

Answer 1

Gottron’s Papules

Seen in dematomyositis. Pathognomic!

Question 2

Name sign/lesion

Seen in

Answer 2

Heliotrope rash

Dermatomyositis

Question 3

Name lesion/sign

Seen in?

Answer 3

Gottron’s papules

Seen in dermatomyositis. Pathognomic!

Question 4

Name lesion/sign

Seen in

Answer 4

Shawl sign

Dermatomyositis

Question 5

Name lesion/sign

Seen in?

Answer 5

Discoid rash

Discoid eczema, discoid lupus

Question 6

Name lesion/sign

Seen in?

Answer 6

Malar rash

SLE

Question 7

Name sign?

Seen in?

Answer 7

Saddle nose deformity

Nasal trauma, congenital syphilis, relapsing polychondritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, cocaine abuse, and leprosy. Most important for exams is granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s)

Question 8

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 8

Heberden’s and Bouchards nodes

OA

Question 9

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 9

Bamboo spine and dagger sign

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 10

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 10

Pencil in cup deformity

Psoriatic arthritis

Question 11

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 11

Lupus pernio

Pathognomic for sarcoidosis

Question 12

Name the sign

Seen in?

Answer 12

Angular stomatitis/cheilitis

Iron deficiency anaemia

Question 13

Name the sign

Seen in?

Answer 13

Glossitis

B12 deficiency

Question 14

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 14

Bite cells

G6PD deficiency

Question 15

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 15

Heinz (inclusion) bodies

G6PD deficiency

Question 16

Name the abnormal cell/sign

Seen in?

Answer 16

Reed-Sternberg

Hodgkins lymphoma

Question 17

Name the abnormal cell

Seen in?

Answer 17

Hypersegmented neutrophil

Megaloblastic anaemia (B12 deficiency)

Question 18

Name the abnormal cell type

Seen in?

Answer 18

Tear drop poikilocytes

Myelofibrosis

Question 19

Name sign

Seen in?

Answer 19

Periorbital purpura

Amyloidosis (AL)

Question 20

Name the abnormality

Answer 20

Barton Fracture

Question 21

Name the condition

Answer 21

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 22

Name the lesion and the cause

Answer 22

Oral hairy leukoplakia

EBV in immunocompromised individuals (e.g. HIV)

Question 23

Key finding in this head CT

Answer 23

Extradural haematoma

Question 24

What is the key finding in this X ray?

Answer 24

Small bowel obstruction

Question 25

Key finding in this X ray

Answer 25

Surgical emphysema (note outline of the pectoralis major muscle)

Question 26

Key finding on the chest X ray

Answer 26

Cervical rib

Question 27

Name the skin condition What is the underlying disease?

Answer 27

Pretibial Myxoedema Grave's disease

Question 28

Diagnosis?

Answer 28

Sigmoid volvulus. (Note the coffee bean sign) Three dense lines converging towards the site of obstruction (Frimann Dahl's sign) in keeping with sigmoid volvulus.

Answer 29

Guttate Psoriasis

Question 30

Name the rash Cause?

Answer 30

Erythema ab igne Excessive exposure to IR light Note: if cause not treated patient can go on to develop squamous cell skin cancer