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US Multicultural History > Spring '23 Midterm Study > Flashcards

Spring '23 Midterm Study Flashcards

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1
Q

Elizabeth Cady Stanton - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc. (+What organization did she found, when was she active, and what did she believe?)

A

She was an American writer, activist, and leader of the women’s rights and suffrage movement during the mid to late-19th century. She founded the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) in 1869. She also opposed slavery, attributing it and women’s rights together regarding equal human rights.

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2
Q

Jane Addams - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

She was an American leader in social work and women’s suffrage in the United States. Founded the Hull House.

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3
Q

Phyllis Schlafly - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

She was an American conservative activist, author, and anti-feminist spokesperson for the national conservative movement (opposed the ERA). Helped in the defeat of the ERA.

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4
Q

Shirley Chisholm - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

In 1968, became the first black woman to be elected to the United States Congress. She represented New York for seven terms from 1969 to 1983.

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5
Q

Gloria Steinem - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

She is an American journalist and social-political activist who started as a nationally recognized leader of feminism in the US in the late 1960s and early 1970s. She was a columnist for New York magazine and a co-founder of Ms. magazine.

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6
Q

Tuskegee Airmen - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

The Tuskegee Airmen were a group of primarily African American military pilots and airmen who fought in World War II in the United States Army Air Forces. They were active from 1940 to 1948.

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7
Q

Franklin D. Roosevelt - description, why are they important, what did they do or fought for, etc.

A

He was the 32nd president of the US from 1933 until his death in 1945. He was president for most of the Great Depression and his First and Second New Deals guided the nation through the Depression. He was also president for WWII.

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8
Q

List ALL the steps of the Reading Process in order (8).

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ the title of the document by rewording it.
  2. Number the paragraphs
  3. Circle words that are unfamiliar and write them down with their definition.
  4. Highlight important information (that could help to answer the EQ).
  5. Summarize each paragraph.
  6. Write questions for each paragraph.
  7. Answer the Essential Question.
  8. Cite (citation of) evidence to support your answer.
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9
Q

What is STEP ONE of the Reading Process?

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ the title of the document by putting it into your own words.
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10
Q

What is STEP TWO of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Number the paragraphs (and/or lines)
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11
Q

What is STEP THREE of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Circle unfamiliar words and write them down with their definitions.
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12
Q

What is STEP FOUR of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Highlight important information (to help answer the EQ).
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13
Q

What is STEP FIVE of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Summarize each paragraph.
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14
Q

What is STEP SIX of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Write questions about each paragraph.
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15
Q

What is STEP SEVEN of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Answer the Essential Question.
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16
Q

What is STEP EIGHT of the Reading Process?

A
  1. Include a citation of evidence from the doc to support your answer to the EQ.
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17
Q

List ALL the steps of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process (5)

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ (or reword) the title/caption/information about the document
  2. Write down observations of the photo/picture/painting.
  3. Write down personal interpretations of the photo/picture/painting.
  4. Answer the Essential Question
  5. Provide evidence for your answer.
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18
Q

What is STEP ONE of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process?

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ the title/caption/information (or reword it).
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19
Q

What is STEP TWO of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process?

A
  1. Write down observations of the photo/picture/painting.
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20
Q

What is STEP THREE of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process?

A
  1. Write down your interpretations of the photo/picture/painting.
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21
Q

What is STEP FOUR of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process?

A
  1. Answer the Essential Quesion.
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22
Q

What is STEP FIVE of the Photo/Picture Analysis Process?

A
  1. Evidence (citation) from the doc for your answer.
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23
Q

List ALL the steps of the Chart, Table, Map, etc. Analysis Process (6).

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ the title/given information/caption (put it into your own words)
  2. Highlight important information (to help answer the EQ)
  3. Summarize the data/information
  4. Ask questions about the chart or map
  5. Answer the Essential Question
  6. Specific evidence
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24
Q

What is STEP ONE of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. ‘Unpack’ the title/given information/caption (reword)
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25
Q

What is STEP TWO of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. Highlight important information (to answer EQ).
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26
Q

What is STEP THREE of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. Summarize the data/information.
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27
Q

What is STEP FOUR of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. Ask questions about the information.
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28
Q

What is STEP FIVE of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. Answer the Essential Question.
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29
Q

What is STEP SIX of the Chart, Tables, Maps, etc. Analysis Process?

A
  1. Provide specific evidence for your answer.
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30
Q

Define ‘Suffrage’

A

the right to vote in political elections

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31
Q

Define ‘Suffragist’

A

a person advocating the extension of the right to vote, especially to women

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32
Q

Define ‘Temperance’

A

abstinence from alcoholic drink

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33
Q

Define ‘Abridge’

A

curtail or to stop (rights or privileges)

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34
Q

Define ‘Glass Ceiling’

A

an unofficially acknowledged barrier to advancement in a profession, especially affecting women and members of minorities.

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35
Q

Define ‘American Dream’

A

the ideal that every US citizen should have an equal opportunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work, determination, and initiative.

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36
Q

Define ‘Great Depression’

A

economic downturn that began in the US, lasted from 1929 until about 1939 and affected almost every other country in the world

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37
Q

Define ‘Internment’

A

the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons (simile - incarceration)

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38
Q

Define ‘Internment Camp’

A

camp for the confinement of prisoners of war, enemy aliens, political prisoners, and civilian citizens, especially those with ties to an enemy during wartime; used by the US in WWII to confine Japanese Americans.

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39
Q

Define ‘Concentration Camp’

A

camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment; used by Nazi Germany during WWII to confine Jews and others deemed undesirable to the Nazi party.

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40
Q

Suffrage (Explain)

A

An effort by suffragists and feminists in the US from the 1840s to 1920; ended with the ratification of the 19th Amendment–allowing women to vote in political elections.

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41
Q

Progressive Era (Explain)

A

Period from the 1890s to the 1920s. Industrialization and urbanization changed society. Philosophy accommodated both faith and science. College-educated women participated in reform. Women of all classes participated in clubwork (social reform programs)

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42
Q

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) (Explain)

A

Drafted in 1923; introduced to Congress in December 1923 by the Women’s Party and October 1971–submitted to the states for ratification In March 1972. Its purpose was to eliminate gender-based discrimination in the US. It received much support through 1977 until Phyllis Schlafly and her supporters brought up conservative ideas that many others realized and agreed with.

43
Q

New Deal (explain)

A

The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the US between 1933 and 1939 to restore the economy and jobs due to the Great Depression

44
Q

Executive Order 9066 (explain)

A

Signed and issued during WWII by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, due to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (Dec 7th, 1941) authorizing the forced removal of all people deemed a threat to national security. Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were placed in internment camps as a result.

45
Q

What does FDIC stand for?

A

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

46
Q

What was the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation created for?

A

To ensure bank deposits in eligible banks against loss in the event of a bank failure and to regulate certain banking.

47
Q

Does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation still exist today?

A

You betcha

48
Q

What does/did the Security and Exchange Commission do?

A

To regulate the commerce in stocks, bonds, and other securities.

49
Q

Does the Security and Exchange Commission still exist today?

A

For shore :D

50
Q

What did the Federal Emergency Relief Administration do?

A

Gave grants to the states to operate relief programs

51
Q

What does FERA stand for?

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

52
Q

What does SEC stand for?

A

Security and Exchange Commission

53
Q

What does CCC stand for?

A

Civilian Conservation Corps

54
Q

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps do?

A

Put jobless young men to work on public land projects preventing forest fires, constructing public buildings, etc.

55
Q

What is the Wagner Act (1935)?

A

established the legal right of most workers to organize or join labor unions and to bargain collectively with their employers

56
Q

What is the Wagner Act (1935) officially known as?

A

the National Labor Relations Act (1935)

57
Q

Is the Wagner Act (1935) still in use today?

A

Yerp!

58
Q

What does/did the Federal Housing Administration do? (3)

A

facilitated home financing improved housing standards (1), and increase employment in the home-construction industry (2), made it easier to buy a home (3)

59
Q

What does FHA stand for?

A

Federal Housing Administration

60
Q

When was the Federal Housing Administration created?

A

1934

61
Q

Is the Federal Housing Administration still around today?

A

uh huh

62
Q

What did the Public Works Administration do?

A

It was behind government contracts with private companies that hired people for projects

63
Q

What does PWA stand for?

A

Public Works Administration

64
Q

What did the Works Progress Administration do?

A

Employed a variety of unemployed people that worked on projects like creating parks, and building roads, bridges, schools, and other public structures.

65
Q

When was the Works Progress Administration created?

A

1935

66
Q

What does WPA stand for?

A

Works Progress Administration

67
Q

What did the Social Security Act do?

A

created a system of transfer payments in which younger, working people support older, retired people, victims of industrial accidents, unemployed, dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped.

68
Q

What does SSA stand for?

A

Social Security Act

69
Q

Is the Social Security Act still around today?

A

Indeed

70
Q

When was the Social Security Act enacted?

A

1935

71
Q

What was the National Recovery Administration?

A

government planners and business leaders working together to coordinate industry standards for production, prices, and working conditions

72
Q

What two administrations did the National Recovery Administration provide?

A
  1. Public Works Administration
  2. Works Progress Administration
73
Q

What does NRA stand for?

A

National Recovery Administration

74
Q

What was the Blue Eagle Campaign?

A

The displaying of a Blue Eagle emblem by a company to show that they participated in the NRA.

75
Q

What were the three major categories of the New Deal?

A

Relief, Recovery, Reform

76
Q

What category of the New Deal gave immediate help (like money) to people in need?

A

Relief

77
Q

What category of the New Deal fixed the economy and put people back to work?

A

Recovery

78
Q

What category of the New Deal changed laws and regulated the economy to prevent another economic catastrophe in the future?

A

Reform

79
Q

What programs were in the “Relief” category of the New Deal? (1)

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

80
Q

What programs were in the “Recovery” category of the New Deal? (5)

A

National Recovery Administration, Public Works Administration, Works Progress Administration, Civil Works Administration, Civilian Conservation Corps

81
Q

What programs were in the “Reform” category of the New Deal? (2)

A

Wagner Act, Social Security Act

82
Q

What New Deal programs can still be seen today? (5)

A

Social Security Act
Federal Housing Administration
Wagner Act
Security and Exchange Commission
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

83
Q

Propaganda (define)

A

information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view

84
Q

What were the three suffragist strategies?

A

State-by-state, moral persuasion, a constitutional amendment.

85
Q

What was state-by-state suffragists’ argument?

A

That everyone is a part of the country, so everyone should be able to vote.

86
Q

What was state-by-state suffragists’ presentation? (what did they do, what eventually happened)

A

They focused their efforts on one state at a time. Each state eventually had its own election for women’s suffrage.

87
Q

What were moral persuasion suffragists’ arguments?

A

That women could purify men’s corruptness if they could vote, men poorly represented the household and women

88
Q

What was moral persuasion suffragists’ presentation(s)?

A

Pamphlets, speeches, public protests

89
Q

What was constitutional amendment suffragists’ argument(s)?

A

All people (both men and women) were created equal. If black men got the right to vote, then so should women.

90
Q

What was constitutional amendment suffragists’ presentation(s)?

A

Attempted submitting the amendment to states, and tried getting Congress to pass the amendment.

91
Q

WOD Question: FDR’s presidential campaign included a promise of a new deal for Americans. What role did Congress play in helping FDR keep his campaign promise within the first 100 days of his presidency? Give a couple examples of what was passed~

A

In the first 100 days, Congress was a facilitator of sorts. Congress passed acts and established groups that would help to show and facilitate FDR’s promises and progress.

For example, the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Federal Emergency Relief Administration were passed during this time.

92
Q

WOD Question: Why was the Women’s Temperance Movement significant? Make sure you have evidence to prove your answer.

A

The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (founded in 1873) was important as it allowed women to have an impact on society even though they couldn’t yet vote. This is significant as women mostly had no other way to make a change. Through the WCTU, they established public spaces like libraries and lunchrooms for the poor.

Make sure the evidence for this is something you can remember without the textbook.

93
Q

EQ: What were the social conditions which led to women’s assumption of wider roles in the public arena during the Progressive Era?

A

Some important conditions included child labor, unequal rights, career opportunities, and conditions that fell into the effects of Industrialization / Urbanization.

94
Q

EQ: How did women use organized activities to affect social change during the Progressive Era?

A

Women changed society through clubs and public areas designated for women. One example is the Hull House founded by Jane Addams. Women used organized activities to effect social change by speaking out, letting their voices be heard on how they were treated, and their living conditions.

95
Q

EQ: (1) Why did so many states deny women the right to vote? (2) Why was women’s suffrage legal in some states?

A

(1) Because the belief was that women’s place was in the home, and they were mentally incapable of anything else…explanation… (2) Because of state-by-state suffragists…explanation…

96
Q

EQ: (1) What strategies did women use to win the right to vote? (2) Which were most successful and what made them successful?

A

(1) Moral persuasion, state-by-state focus, and attempts to achieve a constitutional amendment. Women expressed their wants and beliefs publically, and published media. (2) State-by-state focus and the efforts to get an amendment were most effective. The fact that they actually achieved the right to vote made them successful.

97
Q

EQ: (1) What role did state governments play in extending voting rights to women? (2) What role did the federal government play?

A

(1) State governments were pushed by dedicated suffragists to give women the right to vote in that state. (2) The role the federal government played was rejecting and then accepting suffragists’ attempts for suffrage.

98
Q

EQ: What are the major programs of the New Deal?

A

Relief, Recovery, and Reform – the sub-programs, administrations, etc that came under them.

99
Q

EQ: What role did the government play in the New Deal?

A

Congress ratified the required documents, programs, and more that the New Deal needed in the first 100 days to keep FDR’s promise - and beyond

100
Q

EQ: How do the issues of the New Deal relate to the experiences of today’s generation?

A

One issue was needing to support more dependent people, so the Social Security Act was implemented; it is still extremely applicable today for similar reasons.

101
Q

EQ: Why were Japanese Americans moved to internment camps?

A

Because of the attack on Pearl Harbor (Dec 7, 1941) Executive Order 9066 (Feb 19, 1942) was issued, resulting in the internment of Japanese Americans.

Also, they were deemed “threats” to national security and to the war. Thus, they were moved to the Internment camps for “safety”.

102
Q

EQ: How did the government justify Executive Order 9066?

A

By saying that it was for national security during WWII following Pearl Harbor. (They also attempted to display the internment as a ‘clean’ process = the Japanese Americans were happy to go, ‘serving their country’, the gvmt not letting photos of the true conditions of the camps getting out - for national security during the war.)

103
Q

EQ: How did Executive Order 9066 affect Japanese Americans?

A

They basically had their lives upended (forcefully removed from their homes, stripped of their belongings, they also lost family businesses (like their farms - their land was sold); they were crammed into terrible and cramped areas; children received minimal education; also led to prolonged racism against them, even after they were released and the war was over

104
Q

If you’re stressed and tired and anxious…

A

…clap your hands! clap clap

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