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World History 101 > Spring Final HWH - 2017 > Flashcards

Spring Final HWH - 2017 Flashcards

1
Q

mestizo

A

latin America term for children of Spanish and native parentage

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2
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico

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3
Q

Motecuzoma II

A

leader of the Aztecs when Cortes conquered them

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4
Q

Pizarro

A

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in Peru

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5
Q

Peninsulares

A

Latin American officials from Spain and Portugal

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6
Q

Martin Luther

A

1483-1546, German monk and Catholic priest who became a critical figure in the Protestant Reformation after challenging the corruption of the church in his 95 These published in 1517

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7
Q

Henry III

A

King of England during the Protestant Reformation

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8
Q

Council of Trent

A

1545-63, assembly of high Roman Catholic church officials which met over a period of years to institute reforms in order to increase morality and improve the preparation of the priests

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9
Q

Thirty Years’ War

A

1618-48 last of the religious wars that began after the Holy Roman Emperor
attempted to force his Bohemian subjects to return to the Catholic Church. It was one of the
longest and deadliest religious war in Europe

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10
Q

Louis XIV

A

aka the Sun King or Louis the Great, who modeled royal absolutism and built the palace at Versailles

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11
Q

Peace of Westphalia

A

ended the Thirty Years’ War and laid a foundation for a system of independent, competing states

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12
Q

Olympe de Gouges

A

1748-93 French feminist who authored the Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen at the start of the French Revolution in 1789, which advocated for equal rights for women, she was later executed by Jacobins during the Terror

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13
Q

Sultan

A

the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)

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14
Q

Daimyo

A

prominent and powerful (lord like) Japanese families who provided allegiance to the local shogun in exchange for protection

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15
Q

Shah Jahan

A

Mughal emperor who built the Taj Mahal and lead the zenith of the empire

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16
Q

Mehmed II

A

Aka Mehmed the Conqueror who captured Constantinople for the Ottomans and laid the foundations for their success

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17
Q

Aurangzeb

A

Mughal emperor who experienced the greatest extent and also broke the rule for
religious tolerance and imposed a tax on Hindus in order to try to convert them to Islam

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18
Q

Maximilien Robespierre

A

trained lawyer that was the radical leader of the Committee of Public Safety, the executive authority of the French Republic, and was involved in the reign of terror

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19
Q

Toussaint Louverture

A

controlled most of Saint Domingue and created a constitution by 1801 for Haiti, he was literate, son of a slave, and skilled organizer; he was arrested and died in jail

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20
Q

Simon Bolivar

A

lead Creole armies to overcome Spain for independence and tried to create a united Gran Colombia

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21
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

self-educated British writer that fought for women’s rights through literary works and wrote Frankenstein

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22
Q

Cecil Rhodes

A

miner that worked tirelessly on behalf of British imperial expansion

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23
Q

Klemens von Metternich

A

foreign minister of Austria that guided the Congress of Vienna

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24
Q

Otto von Bismarck

A

prime minister of Prussia that followed Realpolitik (politics of reality) and unified Germany and provoked 3 wars that swelled German Nationalist pride

25
Q

Berlin Conference

A

Meeting organized by German chancellor Otto von Bismark in 1884-85 that provided justification for European colonization of Africa

26
Q

Boers

A

aka Afrikaners, that settled in South Africa and believed it was God’s plan that they were to capture the tip of Africa

27
Q

Russo-Japanese War

A

war that transformed Japan into a major imperial power

28
Q

Francis Ferdinand

A

Archduke of Austria-Hungary that was assassinated and sparked WWI

29
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Pre-world War I alliance of Germany, Austria Hungary, and Italy

30
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

German war plan that called for a swift knockout of France, followed by defensive
action against Russia

31
Q

John Maynard Keyes

A

most influential economist who said the problem of the Depression was too many people who wanted to work being unemployed and inadequate demand instead of excessive

32
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

Italian fascist leader and former socialist that partnered with the Axis powers

33
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

tricky Germany Nazi party leader that began WW2 and fought with the Axis powers

34
Q

Kristallnacht

A

November 9-10, 1938 when Nazis arranged the destruction of thousands of Jewish stores, homes, and synagogues as well as murders (night of broken glass)

35
Q

Mao Sedong

A

former teacher and librarian that viewed Marxist-inspired social revolution as the cure for China’s problems

36
Q

Maoism

A

the communist doctrines of Mao Zedong as formerly practiced in China, having as a central idea permanent revolution and stressing the importance of the peasantry, of small-scale industry, and of agricultural collectivization.

37
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

German style of rapid attack through the use of armor and air power that was used in Poland, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France in 1939-40

38
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

code-name for Nazi Germany’s invasion of Soviet Union in WW2

39
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

1942 meeting of high ranking Nazi government officials that met to discuss and implement the Final Solution of the Jewish people

40
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

Warsaw Treaty Organization, a military alliance formed by the Soviet bloc nations in 1955 in response to rearmament of West Germany and its inclusion in NATO

41
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader that exploited conditions to advance the cause of Vietnamese independence

42
Q

1279

A

in relation to Khubilai Khan and Yuan dynasty Khubilai Khan proclaimed the Yuan dynasty and made himself emperor

43
Q

1368

A

in relation to the Ming dynasty and Yuan dynasty Rebel armies led by Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew Yuan and Zhu established the Ming Dynasty and became emperor

44
Q

June 17th, 1789

A

The Third Estate makes the Tennis Court Oath and declares themselves the National
Assembly, where they promise not to disband until a new French constitution is made and adopted

45
Q

1916

A

Two of the most cataclysmic battles of WWI on the Western front with extreme carnage. Somme was first great offense of WWI for the British and French where they eventually reach a sort of stalemate with Germany, however Germany was weakening. At Verdun, the Germans attacked and then withdrew, and the French pushed back the German lines

46
Q

1935

A

2 laws that passed to excluded Jews from German life and took some of their natural rights away

47
Q

August 1945

A

Japan surrendered to the Allies and basically ended WW2 (Aka V-J Day, victory over Japan day)

48
Q

1917

A

Britain’s public acknowledgment and support of the Zionist movement (a movement for (originally) the re-establishment and (now) the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel.)

49
Q

What caused the Portuguese to show more interest in Brazil?

A

Sugar plantations

50
Q

What was the greatest attraction to the Spanish of the Americas?

A

precious metal i.e. gold

51
Q

What did the Portuguese use for labor on their sugar plantations?

A

imported African slaves

52
Q

What did the British use Australia as?

A

a jail for exiled prisoners

53
Q

In Africa during the early modern day era, the rise of maritime trade was a result of?

A

Regional kingdoms and colonies replacing the imperial states of Africa

54
Q

Where was the first European colony in sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Angola

55
Q

Who were the first European slave traders?

A

Portuguese

56
Q

What did the Europeans get in return for slaves in the triangular slave trade?

A

manufactured goods such as textiles and firearms

57
Q

Who was the first European nation to establish the slave trade?

A

Denmark

58
Q

Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses was formed initially about?

A

corruption of the church in the form of indulgences

World History 101 (1 decks)

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