SR & Enlightenment Flashcards
(34 cards)
The most important and original idea of the enlightenment was
The idea of progress
Who are astronomers who contributed to the destruction of the Aristotelian view of the universe
Brache, Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo
How did Copernicus’ theory of the universe change the way people viewed the universe and the heavens and the relationship between the earth and heavens?
The earth and the heavens are put in the same place/it destroys distinction
The synthesis of the scientific revolution was whose work?
Isaac Newton’s Principia
The key feature of Newton’s system was the law of…
Gravity
In his Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued for what major concept that we still use?
Separation of powers
Who did Voltaire believe would be most capable of instituting political reform?
Enlightened monarchs of centralized states
Rousseau’s concept of the general will dictates that who makes decisions in society?
The people (direct democracy)
Hobbes and Rousseau would have agreed on what general concept?
Social contract
What group did Voltaire most severely criticize?
Church
Before the scientific revolution, European’s world view was based on the ideas’ of
Ptolemy&Aristotle
Who spearheaded the encyclopedia?
Denis Diderot
With what did the search for what items did the European voyages of discovery primarily originate?
The spices
Which enlightenment philosopher believed man was born a blank slate?
John Locke
Which enlightenment philosopher believed that civilization corrupted man and favored the concept of the noble savage?
Rousseau
Which scientific thinker was the first to propose the heliocentric theory?
Copernicus
What did Johannes Keppler accomplish with his working thus improving upon the work between those
Uses math to prove elliptical orbits
How would you best express Voltaire’s views concerning religion?
Beneficial because they offered people hope, made life bearable, and kept people line.
Who wrote the Principia?
Isaac Newton
Who was the father of experimental science who talked about earth as a large magnet?
William Gilbert
This man is the father of the scientific method-he wrote the great restoration and inspired many scientific societies
Francis Bacon
This medical doctor described the heart as a pump and the circulation of the blood
William Harvey
This man is known for his empirical method and is famous for doubting all previous learning in the universe and saying “I think therefore I am”
René Descartes
Father of modern chemistry
Robert Boyle
