SR. SMARTYSHORTS Flashcards by alexis g

Patient with ALS. Drug and MOA?

Riluzole- works on Na+ channels of damaged neurons -> decr. glutamate release.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tetrabenzene. What are you trying to treat?

Huntington’s– chorea. VMAT2 inhibitor -> decreased DA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Woman taking opiod for pain. Which effect is LEAST likely to go away?

Constipation. (and miosis)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What drug results as a breakdown product of morphine?

codeine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What opioid will interact with MAO-I?

Methadone –> serotonin syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What opioid can be used in pain associated with MI?

Morphine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How do all the inhalation anesthetics + thiopentanal + propofol work?

Enhance action of GABA by acting at GABA-A

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is halothane C/I in pheochromocytoma

Halothane increases heart’s sensitivity to catecholamines

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Patient had ischemic stroke, was discharged. What meds the person must take for life?

ACE + Diuretic (thiazides)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

blah blah classes and subclasses abuse liability

Do a full comprehensive workup

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How to manage confused patient?

Monitor with supportive care and WAIT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Patient with delirium but no underlying cause. Tx?

Supportive, fluids, wait

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Old man, forgetting things over the past year. Worse over last 3 months. Forgot his route home. CT shows DIFFUSE infarcts around periventricular area.

Biswanger’s Disease (subcortical leukoaraiosis)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most important predictive factor of the prognosis of pheochromocytoma?

Homovanillic/vanillylmandelic acid ratio

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment of stroke patient where TPA is CI?

aspirin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

59 year old male with worsening executive functions and problems with memory.

Pick’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Migraine vs. berry aneurysm

Migraine: gradual onset. throbbing. photophobia. aggravated by movement

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Man with massive headache while sleeping around the same time at night at the same time each month. Rinorrhea.

Cluster headache

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non-fluctuating bi-frontal headache

muscle tension

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Generally healthy Patient with recent sinus infection treated with abx that improved it a little bit. 1 week later got increased ICP, + ring enlanced lesion. Most likely causative agent?

MCC assoc with sinusitis, otitis media, or dental stuff:

peptostreptococcus, bacterioides, strep, haemophilus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sad, low effort at work, losing weight, low sex drive for a couple months

Major depressive disorder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mania only

bipolar 1

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

High energy student, successful

hypomania

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non-pharm treatment of bipolar

IPSRT (used for BIPOLAR ONLY). maintain regular schedule.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CSF profile of bacteria

neutrophils, low glucose, high protein

Immunocompromised. Pigeons. India Ink.

Cryptococcus neoformans

MOA of Benzos

Increase frequency of GABA Cl- channels opening

What anti-depressant can be used in combo with other SSRIs to help improve sexual AE.

Mirtazapine

Second generation first line pharmacotherapy of generalized seizures

Lamotrigine

Effect of carbmazapine on P450s.

Inducer-- will induce its own metabolism

What part of the brain is involved in ADD?

Frontal lobe -- decr DA & NE

Mild proximal weakness and ptosis in young woman

Myasthenia Gravis

BOTH UMN and LMN in middle-aged man

ALS

Limbic signs, deja vu. What part of brain?

medial temporal lobe complex partial seizure

Management of TIA/stroke/seizure

Emergent full work up with a stroke team

Sudden onset dense hemiplegia

Seizure with Todd's paralysis (focal weakness after seizure)

Subfalcine herniation

pushes cerebral hemisphere over

Chicken-wire capillary pattern

oligodendroglioma

Etiology of PALE infarct

Thrombus

Wernicke-Korsakoff cause

vit B1 (thiamine) deficiency

Dry age-related macular degeneration

drusen

Man with normal life EXCEPT one non-bizarre delusion about IRS calling him on the phone and breathing into it.

Delusion disorder

Woman drowned children in the sea because she heard voices of an alien that was the devil that told her to over a month. She makes up an excuse for the voices.

Hallucinations (auditory). Delusions (made-up reasons why).

ADHD diagnosis

6 symptoms of inattention, 6 symptoms of hyperactivity, for 6 months. <7y

Signs of hepatic encephalopathy

asterixis

Chronic drinker who is on day 2 off alcohol and having hallucinations and confusion with asterixis.

Delirium tremens

West Nile virus encephalitis

Pathogenesis: Infects anterior horn cells Clinical features: – Fever – Confusion – Ascending muscle weakness similar to Guillain-Barre syndrome – Typically occurs in previously healthy people >60 years of age

TRIC vs Trachoma

TRIC: chlamydia trachomatis D-K, anywhere in the world, STD genital-hand-eye contact or pools, LOWER palpebral conjunctiva, NOT assoc with blindness Trachoma: c.trachomatis A-C, impoverished dry regions, flies hand-eye contact, repeat untreated infx, UPPER palpebral conjunctiva, can cause blindness from eyelash abrasions

Features of zona fasciculata

lipid droplets, straight cords | reticularis has lots of lipofuscin granules

Patient with alzheimer's is on a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase.

Donepezil

Drug used to treat pituitary dwarfism

Somatropin. (NOT Mescasermin-- this is for LARON dwarfism- GH resistance)

Lung cancer--- Hypercalcemia of Malignancy. Tx?

Zoledronate

Appropriate anti-diabetic therapy to manage DM II in a patient who had an accident.

Stressful situation------ take off all other drugs and only give REGULAR insulin

What is the role of glucocorticoids in fetal lung functino?

Increases surfactant

Esophageal varices

IV octreotide or Vasopressin-- constrict splenic arteries of the esophagus

What is the MOA of Repagliinide

binds to receptor site on ATP-sensitive potassium channels on the beta cells of the pancreas to enhance insulin secretion

What would happen to PTH with Cinacalcet?

decrease

Normotensive patient with ischemic stroke. Give: warfarin, nicardipine, B blocker, diuretic?

Diuretic (thiazide) | nicardipine is for subarachnoid hemorrhage

Histo of acute MS attack

axons are preserved initially

Dermatomyositis

SLE like but lilac eyelids and hand/elbow dermatitis

MCC spinal epidural abcess

S.aureus

Gastroduodenal artery and inferopancreatoduodenal artery supply...

head of pancreas

Patient with parkinson's <65y. Treat with?

DA agonist-- pramipexole, ropimorol (D2), rotigotine (D3>)

What DA agonist is used for FREEZING in late stage Parkinson's

Apomorphine

Atypical antipsychotic lower risk of?

tardive dyskinesias

What partial ag can be prescribed by a GP for drug abuse?

Bupronorphine

What drug would you use for alcohol withdrawal that has cross reactivity but was not of the same class?

Benzo

What nicotinic partial agonist is available for treating nicotine addiction

Varenicline

Which atypical antipsychotic exhibits the least weight gain?

Aripiprazole

Secondary obesity causes

HAART, glucocorticoids, antipsychotics, tight insulin regulation, Cushing, hypothyroid

Woman with hirsutism and hypernatremia

11-b-hydroxylase deficiency

Complication of meningitis

DIC --> acute adrenal apoplexy

Mass causes flushing/panic, amyloid deposit. What cell is it derived from?

Medullary. C-cells.

Insulinoma + MEN1

Test for parathyroid & pituitary. test whole family

Patient eats plant (om nom nom) that acts as diuretic. What mood disorder drug would interfere with this magic plant?

Lithium (diuretics increase plasma levels)

Hypnotic used for elderly.

Ramelteon- acts at MT1 and MT2 (melatonin agonist)

Z drug given on demand.

Zaleplon

Microvascular complications of diabetes

decreased lumen size

Presbycusis is?

natural cochlear degeneration

Woman gaining weight. Hypernatremia. Weakness.

Cushing

11 hydroxylase deficiency. Hypernatremia. What hormone would be of abundance?

11-deoxycorticosterone (not cortisol!) or sex hormones

SR. SMARTYSHORTS Flashcards

(81 cards)