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Question 1

What are the four basic types of tissues?

Answer 1

Muscular, Epithelial, Connective, Nervous

Question 2

What is the primary function of epithelial tissues?

Answer 2

Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, and forms glands

Question 3

What are the surfaces of the epithelial tissues?

Answer 3

• Apical (free) surface
• Lateral surfaces
• Basal surface

Question 4

What does the apical surface of epithelial tissue face?

Answer 4

Body surface, lumen, and body cavity

Question 5

What are the two types of epithelium?

Answer 5

• Covering and lining epithelium
• Glandular epithelium

Question 6

How is covering and lining epithelium classified?

Answer 6

• Arrangement of layers: simple, stratified, pseudostratified
• Cell shape: squamous, columnar, cuboidal

Question 7

What is an example of a simple epithelial arrangement?

Answer 7

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 8

What is the role of glandular epithelium?

Answer 8

Secreting portion of glands

Question 9

What are glands composed of?

Answer 9

Cells or groups of cells that secrete substances

Question 10

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 10

Glands that secrete into interstitial fluid and diffuse directly into the bloodstream

Question 11

What are exocrine glands?

Answer 11

Glands that secrete products into ducts that empty onto the surface of covering and lining epithelium

Question 12

What are the structural classifications of exocrine glands?

Answer 12

• Unicellular glands
• Multicellular glands (branched or unbranched)

Question 13

What is an epithelial membrane?

Answer 13

A combination of an epithelial layer and underlying connective tissue layer

Question 14

What are examples of epithelial membranes?

Answer 14

• Mucous membranes
• Serous membranes
• Cutaneous membranes

Question 15

What is the synovial membrane?

Answer 15

Lines joints and contains connective tissue but no epithelial tissue

Question 16

What is the function of synoviocytes in the synovial membrane?

Answer 16

Secrete synovial fluid which lubricates the joint

Question 17

What is connective tissue?

Answer 17

Most abundant and widely distributed tissues in the body

Question 18

What is collagen?

Answer 18

The main protein of connective tissue

Question 19

What are the main components of connective tissues?

Answer 19

• Sparse cells
• Extracellular matrix (ECM)

Question 20

What types of cells are found in connective tissues?

Answer 20

• Fibroblasts
• Chondrocytes
• Osteocytes
• White blood cells
• Adipocytes

Question 21

What is the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Answer 21

A non-cellular material located between and around cells

Question 22

What are the types of protein fibers in connective tissues?

Answer 22

• Collagen
• Elastin
• Reticular fibers

Question 23

What are loose connective tissues?

Answer 23

• Areolar connective tissue
• Adipose tissue
• Reticular connective tissue

Question 24

What distinguishes dense connective tissues?

Answer 24

Contain numerous thicker and denser fibers

Question 25

What are the two types of bone tissues?

Answer 25

* Compact * Spongy

Question 26

What are the three types of muscle tissues?

Answer 26

* Cardiac * Smooth * Skeletal

Question 27

What characterizes skeletal muscles?

Answer 27

Striated in appearance and under voluntary control

Question 28

What are the characteristics of cardiac muscles?

Answer 28

Faintly striated, branching cells connected by intercalated discs

Question 29

What are the two layers of smooth muscle in the digestive tract?

Answer 29

* Circular muscle layer * Longitudinal muscle layer

Question 30

What is the function of neurons?

Answer 30

Exhibit electrical excitability and produce electrical signals

Question 31

What is the role of neuroglia?

Answer 31

Support and bind the components of nervous tissue, supply nutrients to neurons