ss test Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
When were the townshend acts passed?
A
1767-1768
2
Q
When was the tea act?
A
1773
3
Q
what is mercantilism?
A
Mercantilism is a nationalist economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy. In other words, it seeks to maximize the accumulation of resources within the country and use those resources for one-sided trade
4
Q
When were the coercive acts passed?
A
1774
5
Q
When were the stamp acts passed?
A
1765
6
Q
What was the olive branch petition?
A
The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by Congress on July 5, 1775, to be sent to the King as a last attempt to prevent formal war from being declared. The Petition emphasized their loyalty to the British crown and emphasized their rights as British citizens.
7
Q
When was the sugar and molasses act passed?
A
1764
8
Q
When was the declaratory act?
A
1766
9
Q
When was the proclamation act passed?
A
1763
10
Q
What was Paul Revere known for?
A
He helped form the sons of liberty with john hancock and samuel adams, and his midnight ride alongside wiliam dawes, and samuel prescott
11
Q
What is john hancock known for?
A
(born January 12, 1737, Braintree (now in Quincy), Massachusetts—died October 8, 1793, Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.) American statesman who was a leading figure during the Revolutionary War and the first signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. He also helped Paul Revere and Samuel Adams form the sons of liberty.
12
Q
What was Samuel Adams known for?
A
Formed the Sons of Liberty with John Hancock and Paul revere. In August 1764, Samuel Adams and
James Otis, both of Massachusetts helped organize fifty Boston merchants who agreed to stop purchasing British luxury imports. He also began the circular letter.
13
Q
What is William Dawes known for?
A
His midnight ride with Paul Revere and Samuel Prescott
14
Q
What is Samuel Prescott known for?
A
His midnight ride with Paul Revere and William Dawes
15
Q
What did Thomas Jefferson do?
A
16
Q
What did Thomas Paine do?
A
Wrote Common Sense, a highly influential argument about independence and The American Crisis during the american revolution (1776) urging americans not to give up on independence.
17
Q
What did Chief Pontiac do?
A
Pontiac’s Rebellion several
Native nations unite under the
leadership of Chief Pontiac and
destroy seven British forts.
This causes fear among the
American colonists living in
the Western territories.
18
Q
What did Sir William Howe do?
A
He served as the british army officer during the revolutionary war.
19
Q
What did Sir Richard Howe do?
A
He served as the british naval commander during the revolutionary war.
20
Q
What did Benjamin Franklin do?
A
He helped diffuse the angry mob afer the Conestoga Massacre. He also served as a delegate to the continetal congress where he helped draft the declaration of independence and the articles of confederation.
21
Q
What did John Adams do?
A
He served as a delegate to the First and Second Continental Congresses and championed the cause for independence. Alongside Thomas Jefferson, he served on the committee appointed to write the Declaration of Independence and was one of its greatest supporters. During the Revolutionary War he served in France and Holland in diplomatic roles, and helped negotiate the treaty of peace.
22
Q
What did George Washington do?
A
In the second Continental Congress, they decided to raise an army and chose him to lead it, making him commander of the continental army. Before he was chosen for this role, he was an ordinary tobacco farmer.
23
Q
What was the sons of liberty?
A
Formed by Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Paul Revere and others to organize boycotts and other protest activities about the stamp act. A similar organization later formed called the Daughters of Liberty, letting women join the protest. After the boston massacre, they used this event as propoganda against the british.
24
Q
What are minutemen?
A
American colonial militia members during the american revolution. known for their readiness within minutes hence the name.
25
What did Benedict Arnold do?
* He led a counterattack against Burgoyne's army, he convinced the army to keep fighting
* Fought even when wounded
* Took control of the army when general gates wouldnt fight
* Betrayed america by fighting for britain when he thought america would lose
* Benedict Arnold, and Ethan Allen lead the Green Mountain Boys in an attack on fort ticonderoga and sieze the fort without a fight
26
What did ethan allen do?
Benedict Arnold, and Ethan Allen lead the Green Mountain Boys in an attack on fort ticonderoga and sieze the fort without a fight
27
What did the green mountain boys do?
An organization formed by ethan allen and benedict arnold, bust known for their capture of ft. ticonderoga. Later became integrated into the continental army.
28
What did the Paxton Boys do?
*A group of settlers from pennsylvania in 1763 engaged in violent actions against native american communities during pontiacs rebellion
* Massacred 20 conestoga indians
29
What was the Culper Spy ring?
* covert of intelligence network operating during the revolutionary war established in 1778
* they gathered info on british activities and troop movements around New York City
* Info gathered was crucial to the continental army and its allies
30
Who was the Marquis de Lafayette?
* Chosen by the king of france to support america during the war
* participated in battef like the battle of brandywine, and the siege of yorktown
* had the title of "hero of two worlds" because of his contributions to the continental army
31
What did the Comte de Rochambeau do?
* he was chosen by King louis XVI to lead the french armies sent to america
* contributed to the siege of yorktown in 1781
32
What did Charles Cornwallis do?
* left in charge of the british forces in the south after initial british victories
* defeated at yorktown
33
What did Adrmiral de Grasse do?
* He was in charge of the French naval fleet sent to help the continental army
34
Who was Thayendangea
* Went by Joseph Brant
* Was a mohawk chief & warrior
* was part of one of the iroquois tribes that allied with the british
35
Who was Mercy Otis Warren?
* American poet/playwright
* Published poems and plays attacking royal authority in massachusetts
* Opposed the constitution
36
Who was Francis Marion?
* American Military officer
* From South Carolina
* Fought in both the french and indian war and the revolutionary war
* "swamp fox"
37
Who was George Rogers Clark?
* American Military officer
became the highest ranking patriot military officer during the revolutionary war
* he lead the contitnental army and president of the constitutional convention
38
Who was Nathanael Greene?
* Chosen by general Washington to lead the continental army in the south
* he would hit the british and run exhausting them of resources and make them chase him
* wanted to win popular opinion
* knew he didnt have to win battles to win the war
39
What was the Iroquois Confederacy?
* Made up of Oneida, mohawk, seneca, cayuga, and onendaga tribes
* Called themselves Haudenosaunee
* Oldest democracy in north america
* Grand council was leaders of each 5 nations in confederacy
40
He helped form the sons of liberty with john hancock and samuel adams, and his midnight ride alongside wiliam dawes, and samuel prescott
What was Paul Revere known for?
41
(born January 12, 1737, Braintree (now in Quincy), Massachusetts—died October 8, 1793, Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.) American statesman who was a leading figure during the Revolutionary War and the first signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. He also helped Paul Revere and Samuel Adams form the sons of liberty.
What is john hancock known for?
42
Formed the Sons of Liberty with John Hancock and Paul revere. In August 1764, Samuel Adams and
James Otis, both of Massachusetts helped organize fifty Boston merchants who agreed to stop purchasing British luxury imports. He also began the circular letter.
What was Samuel Adams known for?
43
His midnight ride with Paul Revere and Samuel Prescott
What is William Dawes known for?
44
His midnight ride with Paul Revere and William Dawes
What is Samuel Prescott known for?
45
What did Thomas Jefferson do?
46
Wrote Common Sense, a highly influential argument about independence and The American Crisis during the american revolution (1776) urging americans not to give up on independence.
What did Thomas Paine do?
47
Pontiac's Rebellion several
Native nations unite under the
leadership of **Chief Pontiac** and
destroy seven British forts.
This causes fear among the
American colonists living in
the Western territories.
What did Chief Pontiac do?
48
He served as the british army officer during the revolutionary war.
What did Sir William Howe do?
49
He served as the british naval commander during the revolutionary war.
What did Sir Richard Howe do?
50
He helped diffuse the angry mob afer the Conestoga Massacre. He also served as a delegate to the continetal congress where he helped draft the declaration of independence and the articles of confederation.
What did Benjamin Franklin do?
51
He served as a delegate to the First and Second Continental Congresses and championed the cause for independence. Alongside Thomas Jefferson, he served on the committee appointed to write the Declaration of Independence and was one of its greatest supporters. During the Revolutionary War he served in France and Holland in diplomatic roles, and helped negotiate the treaty of peace.
What did John Adams do?
52
In the second Continental Congress, they decided to raise an army and chose him to lead it, making him commander of the continental army. Before he was chosen for this role, he was an ordinary tobacco farmer.
What did George Washington do?
53
Formed by Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Paul Revere and others to organize boycotts and other protest activities about the stamp act. A similar organization later formed called the Daughters of Liberty, letting women join the protest. After the boston massacre, they used this event as propoganda against the british.
What was the sons of liberty?
54
American colonial militia members during the american revolution. known for their readiness within minutes hence the name.
What are minutemen?
55
* He led a counterattack against Burgoyne's army, he convinced the army to keep fighting
* Fought even when wounded
* Took control of the army when general gates wouldnt fight
* Betrayed america by fighting for britain when he thought america would lose
* Benedict Arnold, and Ethan Allen lead the Green Mountain Boys in an attack on fort ticonderoga and sieze the fort without a fight
What did Benedict Arnold do?
56
Benedict Arnold, and Ethan Allen lead the Green Mountain Boys in an attack on fort ticonderoga and sieze the fort without a fight
What did ethan allen do?
57
An organization formed by ethan allen and benedict arnold, bust known for their capture of ft. ticonderoga. Later became integrated into the continental army.
What did the green mountain boys do?
58
*A group of settlers from pennsylvania in 1763 engaged in violent actions against native american communities during pontiacs rebellion
* Massacred 20 conestoga indians
What did the Paxton Boys do?
59
* covert of intelligence network operating during the revolutionary war established in 1778
* they gathered info on british activities and troop movements around New York City
* Info gathered was crucial to the continental army and its allies
What was the Culper Spy ring?
60
* Chosen by the king of france to support america during the war
* participated in battles like the battle of brandywine, and the siege of yorktown
* had the title of "hero of two worlds" because of his contributions to the continental army
Who was the Marquis de Lafayette?
61
* he was chosen by King louis XVI to lead the french armies sent to america
* contributed to the siege of yorktown in 1781
What did the Comte de Rochambeau do?
62
* left in charge of the british forces in the south after initial british victories
* defeated at yorktown
What did Charles Cornwallis do?
63
* He was in charge of the French naval fleet sent to help the continental army
What did Adrmiral de Grasse do?
64
* Went by Joseph Brant
* Was a mohawk chief & warrior
* was part of one of the iroquois tribes that allied with the british
Who was Thayendangea
65
* American poet/playwright
* Published poems and plays attacking royal authority in massachusetts
* Opposed the constitution
Who was Mercy Otis Warren?
66
* American Military officer
* From South Carolina
* Fought in both the french and indian war and the revolutionary war
Who was Francis Marion?
67
* American Military officer
* became the highest ranking patriot military officer during the revolutionary war
Who was George Rogers Clark?
68
* Chosen by general Washington to lead the continental army in the south
* he would hit the british and run exhausting them of resources and make them chase him
* wanted to win popular opinion
* knew he didnt have to win battles to win the war
Who was Nathanael Greene?
69
What was the incident at Jumonville Glen?
* a skirmish during the french and indian war, not a full on battle
* led by george washington
* Joseph coulon de jumonville took a tomahawk to the head
* happenedin 1754
70
what did the townshend acts do?
Taxed glass, paper, stamps, lead, paint, and tea in colonies.
71
What did the coercive acts of 1774 do?
* called the "intolerable acts" by colonists
* Blocked the british harbor
* Revoked the maccachusetts charter
* Gave Canada control of the Ohio River
Valley taking land claimed by Virginia,
Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New
York.
72
What did the Stamp act of 1765 do?
* Placed taxes on all
paper goods such as
legal documents,
newspapers,
pamphlets, playing
cards, and dice!
73
What did the sugar and mollases act of 1764 do?
* Placed new taxes on sugar and
molasses.
* Restricted the trade of certain
items including lumber.
* Imposed stricter penalties for
smuggling goods illegally.
* Allowed British officials more
power to search homes, ships,
and warehouses of suspected
smugglers.
* Designed to control trade
AND raise revenue (money).
74
What did the proclamation act of 1763 do?
Banned American settlement West
of the Appalachian Mountains
and establishes the area as
Native American territory
75
What did the tea act of 1773 do?
Granted a monopoly on the sale of tea to
the British East India Company, and
lowers the price of tea in the colonies.
76
What did the declaratory acts of 1766 do?
This act declares that Parliament has
the right and authority to make laws
effecting the colonies in all cases,
including new taxes.
77
What was the incident at jumonville glen?
* The opening battle for the french & indian war in 1754
* Joseph Coulon de Jumonville took a tomahawk to the head
78
What happened at fort necessity?
* Ended with george washington surrendering
* the battle happened in 1754 at fort necessity
79
what was the boston tea party?
* Happened in retaliation to the tea act
* Happened 1773
* 340 chests of tea were dumped into the boston harbor
80
What was the edenton tea party?
* The Edenton Tea Party was a political protest in Edenton, North Carolina, in response to the Tea Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1773
* The Edenton Tea Party. In 1774, fifty women in Edenton, North Carolina, signed and published a statement declaring their intention to boycott all British goods. It was the first women's public collective political action in American history.
| Not related to the daughters of liberty
81
What was the boston massacre?
* Soldiers killed 5 colonists
* happened in 1770
* Caused by: Townshend Acts; Occupation of Boston; Killing of Christopher Seider and the pardon of his killer
82
What was pontiac's rebellion?
* several Native nations unite under the
leadership of Chief Pontiac and destroy seven British forts. This causes fear among the American colonists living in the Western territories.
* happened in 1763
83
What was the Conestoga Massacre?
A group of angry colonists calling
themselves the Paxton Boys massacres twenty Conestoga Indiansin 1763 and later marches to Philadelphia to demand protection on the
frontier and find the remaining Conestoga Indians. Benjamin
Franklin helps diffuse the angry mob but tensions remained high
84
What happened at fort ticonderoga?
* Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen
lead the "Green Mountain Boys" in an
attack on Ft. Ticonderoga and seize the
fort without a fight in 1775
85
What was the battle of bunker hill?
* British and American forces clash on
Breed's Hill and more than 1,100 British
soldiers are killed or wounded.
* The Battle of Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, 1775 during the Siege of Boston in the first stage of the American Revolutionary War. The battle is named after Bunker Hill in Charlestown, Massachusetts, which was peripherally involve
86
what happened at lexington and concord?
* shot heard around the world
* marked the begining of the american revolutionary war
* happened in 1775
* british troops were dispatched from boston to seize colonial military supplied in concord, massachusetts, colonial militas were alerted, causing the midnight ride
87
What was the french and indian war?
* also known as the 7 year war
* 1754-1763
* fought between the british and french with their native american allies
88
What was the battle at dorchester heights?
* in March 1776 rebel forces capture
Dorchester Heights, overlooking
Boston Harbor. Cannons captured at
Ft. Ticonderoga help force the
British to leave Boston.
89
What was the albany congress?
Delegates from seven colonies and members of the Iroquois
Confederacy meet in Albany, New York to form an alliance. While there they draft the Albany Plan of Union. This plan was meant to unite the thirteen colonies but is rejected by most colonial assemblies and the British Parliament.
90
What happened in Philadelphia?
* 1st & 2nd continental congress
* Carpenters hall where they held the 1st continental congress without georgia
91
What was the stamp act congress?
The Stamp Act Congress of 1765 was a meeting of delegates from nine American colonies who met to discuss the rights of the colonists regarding British taxation such as the Stamp Act. The colonists desired 'no taxation without representation' and responded to the Stamp Act with the Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
92
What happened at the 1st continental congress?
* Happened in philadelphia in carpenters hall in 1774
* happened without georgia
* talked about taxation without representation
* talked about the right to self-government
93
what happened at the 2nd continental congress?
* happened in 1775
* met with georgia this time
* Decides to raise an Army and chooses
George Washington to lead it.
* Drafts the Declaration of the Causes and
Necessity of Taking Up Arms
* Drafts the "Olive Branch Petition" and
sends it to the King hoping it will end the
conflict.
94
what was the declaration of independence?
* It was an official act taken by all 13 American colonies in declaring independence from British rule. People in the colonies were unhappy that they did not have a say in their government and still had to pay taxes.
* written by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
* signed august 2 1776
* jefferson largely wrote the Declaration of Independence in isolation between June 11, 1776, and June 28, 1776,
95
What was the battle of long island?
* First major battle fought by george washington and the continental army
* fought in brooklyn heights
96
What was the battle of trenton?
* After crossing the Delaware River in a treacherous storm, General George Washington's army defeated a garrison of Hessian mercenaries at Trenton. The victory set the stage for another success at Princeton a week later and boosted the morale of the American troops.
97
what was the battle of seretoga?
* The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. The American defeat of the superior British army lifted patriot morale, furthered the hope for independence, and helped to secure the foreign support needed to win the war.
* 1777
98
What was the battle of yorktown?
* It was a decisive victory by a combined force of the American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington with support from Marquis de Lafayette and French Army troops led by Comte de Rochambeau and a French naval force commanded by Comte de Grasse over the British Army commanded by British Lieutenant .
* Soon after the surrender at yorktown british parliament decided to stop the war in colonies because they didn't have the resources, support, and didnt think it was winnable.
99
what was the battle of brandywine (creek)?
The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American Continental Army of General George Washington and the British Army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777, as part of the American Revolutionary War. The forces met near Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania
100
what was the albany plan of union?
This plan was meant to unite
the thirteen colonies but is rejected
by most colonial assemblies and the
British Parliament.
101
What was common sense?
Thomas Paine publishes Common
Sense a widely read and highly
persuasive argument for independence in 1776
102
What was the american crisis?
he American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, is a pamphlet series by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine, originally published from 1776 to 1783 during the American Revolution
103
what did the treaty of paris 1763 do?
The signing of the treaty formally ended the conflict between France and Great Britain over control of North America (the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War in the United States), and marked the beginning of an era of British dominance outside Europe.
104
what did the treaty of paris 1783 do?
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States on September 3, 1783, officially ended the American Revolutionary
105
What was the comitees of correspondence
* formed to increase communication between neighboring towns and colonies
106
what was the circular letter?
Samuel Adams begins the
Circular Letter asking for
cooperation from other
colonies in 1768
107
who were the hessians
* The term "Hessians" refers to the approximately 30,000 German troops hired by the British to help fight during the American Revolution. They were principally drawn from the German state of Hesse-Cassel, although soldiers from other German states also saw action in America.
* mainly hired because england didnt have many people who wanted to fight colonists
108
what was lord dunmore's proclamation?
in this proclamation, created on November 7, 1775, John Murray, Earl of Dunmore, the governor of Virginia, declares martial law and emancipates all enslaved people and indentured servants willing to fight for the British
