SSDS pt. 2

Question 1

pre-disposing factors

Answer 1

• sensory: hearing and vision
• neurological: motor planning and execution
• cognitive/linguistic: processing, not combining words at 2, stuttering, DLD
• Social-emotional: less sociable, less persistent, more reactive
• Low SES/maternal education
• Structural
• Gender: male
• Genetic: gender, family history

Question 2

Precipitating factors

Answer 2

• HL, ear infections
• General health
• environmental stressors
• opportunities and reinforcement: siblings
• trauma
• sucking habits e.g. bottle

Question 3

perpetuating factors

Answer 3

• static background set: sensory, motor, cognitive, social
• potential advantage implicit in presentation e.g. wed = cute
• reinforcement from context
• failure to initiate change

Question 4

case history for SSD

Answer 4

• Identification of risk factors
• relevant info: feeding, non-speech vocalisations, communication development

Question 5

speech ax for SSD

Answer 5

Identification of cause:

• input?
• representational?
• learning?
• motoric? - programming, execution
• structural?
• output?

Question 6

SSD classification systems

Answer 6

1. Stage of development: Grunwell
2. Surface speech characteristics: Dodd
3. Aetiology: Shriberg
4. Underlying speech processing: psycholinguistic framework Stackhouse & Wells

Question 7

Articulation disorder: Dodd’s subtype classification

Answer 7

• Isolated errors in articulating, distorted errors on imitation and spontaneous, common errors: /r/ & /s/
• 12%

Question 8

Phonological delay: Dodd’s subtype classification

Answer 8

• Phonological error patters, patterns typical in normal development but at a later stage of development
• 55%

Question 9

Consistent (atypical) phonological disorder: Dodd’s subtype classification

Answer 9

• Predictable error patterns, patterns atypical in normal speech development.
• Can co-occur with typical error patterns
• Atypical non-developmental processes include: initial consonant deletion, backing, lateralisation etc
• 20%

Question 10

Inconsistent phonological disorder: Dodd’s subtype classification

Answer 10

• Inconsistent production of words, better on imitation; extent of variability is crucial i.e., >40%,
• Difficulty with representation of motor plan
• 10%

Question 11

CAS: Dodd’s subtype classification

Answer 11

• Speech inconsistency
• problems with phonetic planning, motor programming, imitation of novel words, prosody, groping
• 3%