ST.1 The Structure of DNA H (DNAG)

Question 1

Where do all cells store their genetic information?

Answer 1

In the base sequence of DNA

Question 2

What is a genotype determined by?

Answer 2

The sequence of bases

Question 3

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 3

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 4

What is DNA made up of?

Answer 4

Nucleotides

Question 5

What is a nucleotide made up of?

Answer 5

A phosphate, deoxyribose sugar and a base

Question 6

Name structure A

Answer 6

Phosphate

Question 7

Name structure B

Answer 7

Deoxyribose sugar

Question 8

Name structure C

Answer 8

Base

Question 9

Name all X’s

Answer 9

Question 10

Name all 4 DNA molecules and their pairings

Answer 10

Adenine - Thymine, Cytosine - Guanine

Question 11

What are bases joined by?

Answer 11

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Name X

Answer 12

Question 13

What is the structure of DNA

Answer 13

Double helix

Question 14

The double helix is described as having two…….?

Answer 14

Anti parallel chains of nucleotides

Question 15

What cells are prokaryote?

Answer 15

Bacterial

Question 16

What cells are eukaryote?

Answer 16

Fungal, animal and plant

Question 17

Does a prokaryote cell have a true nucleus bound by a cell membrane?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Does a eukaryote cell have a true nucleus bound by a cell membrane?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What is the organisation of chromosomal DNA in a prokaryote cell?

Answer 19

Composed of a ring of DNA associated with few or no proteins

Question 20

What is the organisation of chromosomal DNA in a eukaryote cell?

Answer 20

Composed of DNA in linear form associated with proteins

Question 21

Are plasmids present in prokaryote cells?

Answer 21

Present in many types of bacterial cell

Question 22

Are plasmids present in eukaryote cells?

Answer 22

Present in some yeast cells, absent in plant and animal cells

Question 23

Are the chloroplasts in prokaryote cells?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

Are there mitochondria in prokaryote cells?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Are there ribosomes in prokaryote cells?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Are the chloroplasts in eukaryote cells?

Answer 26

Only in green plant cell

Question 27

Are there mitochondria in eukaryote cells?

Answer 27

Yes

Question 28

Are there ribosomes in eukaryote cells?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

How is the DNA in eukaryote cells arranged?

Answer 29

Into linear chromosomes that are found in the nucleus tightly coiled

Question 30

Why does the coiling of chromosomes in eukaryote cells happen?

Answer 30

Because the DNA is packaged with associated protein molecules called histones

Question 31

Where is the circular DNA in eukaryotes found?

Answer 31

Outside the nucleus, mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA

Question 32

How can some yeast cells be considered unusual reguarding their DNA

Answer 32

Some have plasmids

Question 33

What do prokaryote cells have reguarding DNA

Answer 33

They have a circular chromosome and plasmids made of DNA

Question 34

Where does the “next” nucleotide attach?

Answer 34

The 3’ part