STAAR Review 2015

Question 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

Smallest complete part (building block) of matter.

Answer 2

Atom

Question 3

Substance made of only one kind of atom.

Answer 3

Element

Question 4

Found in the nucleus of an atom, weighs 1 AMU, and has a positive charge.

Answer 4

Proton

Question 5

Found in the nucleus of an atom, weighs 1 AMU, and has a neutral charge (no charge).

Answer 5

Neutron

Question 6

Found in the energy cloud surrounding the nucleus, weighs 1/2000 AMU, has a negative charge.

Answer 6

Electron

Question 7

Part of an atom that surrounds the nucleus; consist mostly of empty space in which electrons move.

Answer 7

Electron Cloud

Question 8

Central part of an atom; contains most of its mass.

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 9

Element’s abbreviation; first letter is capitalized and second letter (if it has one) is lower case.

Answer 9

Chemical Symbol

Question 10

Chemical property that describes the likelihood and rate which a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.

Answer 10

Reactivity

Question 11

Outermost electrons in the electron cloud; an element’s valence electrons determine its (characteristics like re activity and flammability.

Answer 11

Chemical Properties

Question 12

Number of protons that an element has; determines the identity of an element; this number also equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom.

Answer 12

Atomic number

Question 13

A chart that organizes elements based on similar properties;

Answer 13

Periodic Table

Question 14

Elements in the same horizontal row are arranged in order of increasing atomic number;

Answer 14

Periods

Question 15

Elements in the same vertical column have the same number of valence electrons and there have similar properties.

Answer 15

Group/Famlies

Question 16

Symbols and subscripts used to represent a substance.

Answer 16

Chemical Formulas

Question 17

The number at lower right of element’s symbol in a formula; shows number of atoms for each element; for the number 1, no subscript is shown

Answer 17

Subscript

Question 18

Substance made of two or more atoms.

Answer 18

Molecule

Question 19

Molecule made of two or more elements.

Answer 19

Compound

Question 20

Compounds that includes carbon along with the element(s) hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, and/or sulfur.

Answer 20

Organic Compound

Question 21

Characteristic that helps to define or classify a substance.

Answer 21

Property

Question 22

Properties that can be observed without changing the substance into a different substance.

Answer 22

Physical Properties

Question 23

Properties that can be observed when a substance changes into a different substance

Answer 23

Chemical Properties

Question 24

Has a high luster (shine), good conductor, malleable (can be flattened) located left of the periodic table line.

Answer 24

Metal

Question 25

Is dull, poor conductor, brittle and located right of the periodic table line.

Answer 25

Nonmetals

Question 26

Some properties of both metals and nonmetals, conducts heat and electricity under some conditions and are found along the line on the periodic table.

Answer 26

Metalloids

Question 27

Process by which the atoms of an original substance rearrange to produce a new substance(s) with different properties than the original substance.

Answer 27

Chemical Reaction

Question 28

Chemical reactions that produce heat

Answer 28

Exothermic

Question 29

Chemical reactions that absorb or do not produce heat.

Answer 29

Endothermic