Stability - Edward and Mary Flashcards
(49 cards)
When was the final Act of Succession under Henry VIII
1543
What did the final Act of Succession say?
If Edward died without heirs the throne would pass to Mary and if she died without heirs it would pass to Elizabeth and her heirs
Who headed the Reformist faction
Seymour - Duke of Somerset
Who headed the Catholic faction
Gardiner
What did Henry want the regency council to look like
Balanced between Reformists and the Catholics to ensure that there was political stability
How did Paget and Denny undermine Henry’s wishes?
By changing Henry’s will with the dry stamp, and keeping his death quiet to ensure that they could establish Somerset as Lord Protector, with Gardiner removed.
Concerns over minor rule
Unable to lead troops Other states can take advantage Civil War Factionalism Issue of image
Why was it expected that Somerset would take control?
He was Edward’s uncle, and people argued having him - a well established soldier - as a leader was wise as he would be able to lead battles and it would avoid long debates with him as a larger voice.
What did Somerset’s governance look like
Not dissimilar from Henry’s: the same methods were used to deal with the same issues.
There was a lack of effective leadership, and the problems that plagued Henry were worse.
What was one of Somerset’s first policies?
Repeal of the Treason Act, 1547
- Discuss religion without being censored
- Circulation
- This also repealed the Proclamation Act: this stopped proclamations being treated as statutes)
How was the repeal of the Proclamation Act undermined
77 proclamations issued under Somerset.
How was the Catholic religion undermined by Somerset
1547 Chantries Act
- Chantry land confiscated
- Gold and silver melted to pay for War
When was debasement at its worst?
1551: gold content at 25%
What was the beginning of the end for Somerset
August 1549: rebellion in East Anglia - Somerset would have had to withdraw troops from France and Scotland in order to effectively deal with this.
The Privy Council sent John Dudley (later Northumberland) to deal with it.
When was Somerset imprisoned
October 1549 by Dudley, and he faced no opposition, after Somerset retreated to Warwick with Edward, who claimed that Somerset had threatened riots if he were removed.
How did Dudley secure himself?
Surrounded himself with allies.
E.g. 1550: removed Catholic Earls of Arundel and Southampton.
It was only once he was secure as Lord President in February 1550 that he released Somerset.
What was Edward’s power at the start of Somerset’s rule
Irrelevant
Somerset was strict, he had few servants
Somerset ruled with dry stamps and Proclamations
What was Edward’s power at Somerset’s fall
Could no longer be ignored
12 years old
Not interested in Politics
When was Somerset’s rise
January 1547
When was Somerset’s fall
October 1549
When was Northumberland’s rise
October 1549
How did Northumberland gain power through thw Catholics
In October 1549, he pretended e was Catholic and began to conspire with some Conservatives. Despite this, many Catholics still wished to replace Edward with Mary, the Catholic.
How did Northumberland ally with Cranmer?
Cranmer, a Progressive, allowed Northumberland access to Edward.
When did Seymour become Duke of Somerset
February 1547
