Stable Angina Flashcards Preview

M - Cardiovascular (Unknown) > Stable Angina > Flashcards

Flashcards in Stable Angina Deck (16)
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1
Q

Define Angina Pectoris

A

Chest pain characterised by ischaemia but not necrosis.

  • chest pain on exertion
  • relieved at rest.
2
Q

Causes?

A

Most common - CAD
anaemia- reduced oxygen transfer
LVH- increased oxygen demand.

3
Q

Type of Pain?

A
Site- retrosternal 
Onset- exertion, large meal, stress
Character- tight band, crushing
Radiation- jaw, left arm
Timing- get better at rest or GTN
4
Q

Always pain?

A

No- can occur with only breathlessness, fatigue or syncope. Diabetics may not feel the pain.

5
Q

How many levels of severity?

A

4
I - symptoms on significant exertion
IV- symptoms on everyday activity.

6
Q

Examination- signs

A
Tar staining
Clubbing
Retinopathy
Absent or Reduced peripheral pulse and bruits
Xanthalasma & corneal arcus
7
Q

Investigations

A
Bloods
CXR
ECG
ETT
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging 
CT Coronary Angiogram
8
Q

Treatment

A

Control HTN, DIABETES, CHOLESTEROL
Medical treatment
Surgical intervention

9
Q

Medical treatment for Angina

A
Statins 
ACE
ASA
B blockers- 
CCB- 
Ivabridine
Nitrates- GTN
10
Q

Surgical intervention?

A

Stenting- still need to take meds

CABG - if multi vessel CAD or L main artery

11
Q

What is the role of Statins?

A

Lower cholesterol to below 3.5

12
Q

What is the role of ACE?

A

To stabilise the endothelium

13
Q

Role of Beta blockers?

A

To lower the heart rate

14
Q

Role of Ivabridine?

A

Sinus node suppression

Slows heart rate in place of Beta Blockers

15
Q

Role of Nitrates

A

Vasodilators

16
Q

Role of ASA?

A

Reduce the platelet aggregation by inhibiting COX 1