stages of speech development

Question 1

what are the 4 stages in order?

Answer 1

holophrastic, two word, telegraphic, post telegraphic

Question 2

at what age does the holophrastic stage occur?

Answer 2

12-18 months

Question 3

define the holophrastic stage

Answer 3

individual words are used to communicate more than a single word’s meaning

Question 4

at what age does the two word stage occur?

Answer 4

18-24 months

Question 5

define the two word stage

Answer 5

recognition of syntactic relationship between two words

Question 6

at what age does the telegraphic stage occur?

Answer 6

2-3 years

Question 7

define the telegraphic stage

Answer 7

sentences make sense but lack fully formed grammatical structures

Question 8

at what age does the post-telegraphic stage occur?

Answer 8

3 years onwards

Question 9

define the post telegraphic stage

Answer 9

utterances more closely resembles adult speech.

Question 10

what did katherine nelson find in her 1973 research on the holophrastic stage?

Answer 10

she found that 60% of the first 50 words were concrete nouns followed by actions, modifiers, social or personal words

Question 11

what did katherine nelson see in children’s vocabulary as a result of caregivers’ use?

Answer 11

diminutives

Question 12

what did katherine nelson observe the first words to be associated with?

Answer 12

the child’s environment

Question 13

what are halliday’s 7 functions of initial language?

Answer 13

instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, informative, heuristic, imaginative

Question 14

define hallidays term: instrumental function of language

Answer 14

language used to fulfil a need

Question 15

define hallidays term: regulatory function of language

Answer 15

language used to influence the behaviour of others

Question 16

define hallidays term: interactional function of language

Answer 16

language used to develop relationships and ease interaction

Question 17

define hallidays term: personal function of language

Answer 17

language that expresses personal opinions, attitudes and feelings

Question 18

define hallidays term: informative function of language

Answer 18

language used to request or relay information

Question 19

define hallidays term: heuristic function of language

Answer 19

language used to explore, learn and discover

Question 20

define hallidays term: imaginative function of language

Answer 20

language used to tell stories of imaginary constructs

Question 21

what age did jean aitchison suggest that children will start to understand that everything has a label?

Answer 21

18 months- holophrastic stage

Question 22

what is jean aitchison’s process of children understanding that everything has a label called?

Answer 22

naming insight

Question 23

what did jean aitchison suggest is followed by naming insight?

Answer 23

naming explosion

Question 24

what did roger brown suggest about the two-word stage?

Answer 24

suggested that combinations of words placed together follow a limited range of patterns

Question 25

at what point in utero can a foetus hear sounds

Answer 25

18 weeks into gestation

Question 26

anne cutler 2009

Answer 26

foetuses can differentiate between their mother's native language and a foreign language based on rhythmic patterns

Question 27

eino partanen 2013

Answer 27

foetuses respond to sound, especially to the prosody—the rhythm and intonation—of speech

Question 28

what did shriberg 1993 say about the holophrastic stage

Answer 28

that phonological development is split into 3 groups of consonants

Question 29

what were the 3 groups of sounds outlined by shriberg in his study of the holophrastic stage

Answer 29

early 8 (m, b, j, w, n, d, p, h) , middle 8 (t, ng, k, g, f, v, sh, d), late 8 (f, o, z, s, l, r, ch)

Question 30

jean aitchison 1987 study of holophrastic stage

Answer 30

children had 3 stages of lexical development: labelling, packaging, network building

Question 31

what were aitchisons 3 holophrastic stages

Answer 31

labelling, packaging, network building

Question 32

bellugi on negative formation

Answer 32

children place 'not' or 'no' at the beginning of utterances, eg 'no want drink'

Question 33

shipley and mcaffee

Answer 33

by age 5, children will be able to recognize at least 10,000 words, and acquire 10 new words per day