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HISTOPATHOLOGY > STAINING > Flashcards

STAINING Flashcards

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1
Q

A process of applying dye to a tissue to study and see the architectural pattern of the tissue and the physical characteristic of the cell

A

Staining

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2
Q

Other name of staining

A

Dyeing

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3
Q

Is nucleus acidic or basic?

A

Acidic

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4
Q

Is cytoplasm acidic or basic?

A

Basic

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5
Q

Nucleus can be stained using acidic or basic alkaline dye?

A

Alkaline or basic dye

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6
Q

Cytoplasm can be stained using acidic or alkaline basic dye?

A

Acidic dye

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7
Q

Stains that dye nucleus in red color

A

Red:
Hematoxylin
Safranin O
Carmine
Neutral red

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8
Q

Stains that dye nucleus in blue color

A

Blue:
Methylene blue
Toluidine blue
Celestine blue

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9
Q

Stains that dye cytoplasm in red color

A

Red
Eosin Y
Eosin B
Phloxine B

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10
Q

Stains that dye cytoplasm in yellow color

A

Yellow:
Picric acid
Orange G
Rose bengal

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11
Q

Stains that dye cytoplasm in green color

A

Green:
Light green SF
Lissamine green

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12
Q

Method of Staining that requires aqeous or alcohol solution

A

Direct

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13
Q

Method of Staining that requires mordant and accentuator

A

Indirect

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14
Q

It serves as the link or bridge

A

Mordant

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15
Q

It hastens the speed of staining also called as accelerator

A

Accentuator

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16
Q

Method of staining that has a definitesequence (increasing)

A

Progressive

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17
Q

Method of staining that does not require washing, differentiation and decolorization

A

Progressive staining

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18
Q

Method of staining that overstained until the desired color is attained

A

Regressive

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19
Q

It is a method of staining that requires washing, differentiation and decolorization

A

Regressive

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20
Q

A method of staining that the tissue components combined with these dyes to form different color from the surrounding

A

Metachromatic

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21
Q

Method of staining with primary mordant and decolorizer

A

Counterstaining

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22
Q

Method of staining that are not dyes or metallic salts

A

Metallic impregnation

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23
Q

Example of metallic impregnation

A

Gold chloride and Silver nitrate

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24
Q

this agent is most commonly used in decalcification

A

Silver nitrate

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25
This method of staining are used in living cells
Vital stains
26
Two types of vital stain
Intravital and Supravital
27
this method is through injection of dye (IV, Intraperitoneal, subcutaneous) inside the animals or etc
Intravital
28
this method is applied in living cells immediately after removal
Supravital
29
Example of Intravital stain
Lithium Carmine India Ink
30
Example of Supravital stain
Janus Green B Neutral Red
31
Best vital dye
Neutral red
32
Dyes Mitochondria
Janus Green B
33
Method of staining that uses flourescent dye
Fluorescent staining
34
this dye came from animals, plants and/or insects
Natural dye
35
Example of Natural dyes
Hematoxylin Cochineal Orcein Saffron
36
Dye derived from coal tar
Synthetic dye
37
Hydrocarbon of synthetic dye
Benzene
38
Example of Synthetic Dye
Acid Basic Neutral
39
vital stainsfor RES
Trypan blue
40
Metallic Impregnation differs from staining because it produce _____________
Opaque black particulate
41
Used for demonstration of lipids
Osmium tetroxide
42
Under Natural dye that considered the most important and commonly used in histologic studies
Hematoxylin
43
A vegetable dye extracted from lichens which are normally colorless
Orcein
44
When this treated with ammonia and exposed to the air it produces blue or violet color
Orcein
45
This derived from bugs, coccus cacti
Cochineal
46
A plant with orange stigmas
Saffron
47
Synthetic dyes composed of 2 substances
Chromophore Auxochrome
48
also known as color bearer
Chromophore
49
Also known as color intensifier
Auxocrome
50
Process of selective removal of excess dye
Differentiation
51
natural dye extracted from heartwood of the tree
Hematoxylin
52
the most valuable staining reagent used by the cytologist due to its poweful nuclear and active coloring agent
Hematoxylin
53
form of oxidation of Hematoxylin that serves as active coloring agent
Hematin
54
This is usually done by exposing the substance to air and sunlight, thereby oxidizing hematoxylin
Ripening
55
Complex of stain and mordant is called
Lake
56
most commonly used mordant
Aluminum salts/Alum salts
57
this give a blue lake
Aluminum/Alum salts
58
thus causes an intense blue black when used as a mordant
Ferric salt
59
A red dye used for staining cytoplasm
Eosin
60
Most commonly used eosin
Eosin Y
61
Erythrosine B
Eosin B
62
Alcoholic soluble eosin
Eosin S/ Ethyl eosin
63
Demonstration for connective tissue
Acid fuchsin Picric acid (Vam Gieson Stain)
64
Discriminate dead and living cells
Acridine orange (Masson Stain)
65
In acridine orange what is the color of DNA and RNA
DNA - green RNA - red
66
AcridineRed 3B
Demonstration of calcium salt deposits and phosphatase activities
67
Demonstrates hemoglobin
Benzidine
68
most sensitive oil soluble dye that have a greater affinity for phospholipids and neutral fats
Sudan Black B
69
most comonly used, stains neutral fats but not phospholipids
Sudan IV (Scharlac R)
70
1st Sudan dye that stains CNS tissue
Sudan III
71
water soluble pthalocyanine dye
Alcian blue
72
Alcian blue
connective tissue and epithelial mucin
73
cytoplasmic stain for counterstaining of epithelial section
Aniline blue
74
component of modified acid fast stain; plasma stain
Basic fuchsin
75
Basic fuchsin
Acid fast organisms, mitochondria and differentiation of smooth muscles
76
used as counterstain for grams technique, for acid fast and for papaniculao method
Bismarck brown
77
stains diptheriaorganism
Bismarck brown
78
Oldest stain
Iodine
79
Iodine stains
Amyloid, cellulose, starch, carotenes and glycogen
80
Two types of iodine stain
Gram's iodine Lugol's iodine
81
Gram's iodine
microorganism and fibrin in tissue sections
82
stain for glycogen, amyloid and corpora amylacea
Lugol's iodine
83
best known as pH indicator
Congo red
84
Congo red stains
Elastic tissue, amyloid and myelin
85
A stain that is a metallic impregnation stain, made up of gold chloride and mercuric chloride
Gold sublimate
86
Best Carmine Solution
Carmine and Aluminum chloride = Glycogen
87
Chromatin stain for fresh materials in smear preparations
Carmine
88
Blood to differentiate WBCs, blood parasites (pH 7.2-7.4)
Giemsa stain
89
Nuclear or chromatin stain Amyloid in frozen sections Platelets in blood
Crystal violet
90
Routine staining of fixed sections Resistant to strong acids Good nuclear stain
Celestine blue
91
Counterstain for Ascaris eggs
Malachite green
92
Malachite green can be used as
decolorizer and counterstain
93
Erythrocyte and bacterial spore stain
Malachite green
94
Prussian blue stains
Iron
95
Spirochetes and reticulin fiber can be stained by
Silver nitrate
96
Toluidine blue is a
nuclear stain
97
it is used with osmic acid to fix and stain blood and glandural tissues
Rhodamine B
98
Example of flourescent dye
Rhodamine B
99
Diagnosis of diptheria Can stain plasma cells, cytological examination of sputum for malignant cells
Methylene blue
100
Vital stain of nervous tissue
Methylene blue
101
vital stain for RES
Trypan blue
102
mainly used for staining elastic fibers
Orcein
103
Dermatological studies, demonstrates finest and most delicate fibers in the skin
Orcein
104
Demonstrate cell granules and vacuoles of phagocytic cells
Neutral red
105
Stains for lipids
Osmium tetroxide
106
Stains fat as color black
Osmium tetroxide
107
counterstain for acid fuchsin
Picric acid
108
H. pylori
Toluidine blue Cresyl violet acetate method
109
L. pneumophilia
Dieterle method
110
Nocardia and Actinomyces
Brown and Brenn
111
Mycobacteria
Ziehl nelseen Auramine Rhodamine
112
M. leprae and Nocardia
Wade fite

HISTOPATHOLOGY (4 decks)

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